UWB-SAR抑制RFI算法性能评估与测试

参数化方法是实现UWB -SAR抑制RFI的重要手段。为评估抑制RFI算法的实际性能 ,利用UWB -SAR实验系统的实测数据 ,从干扰抑制能力和脉冲压缩性能改善两个方面对几种主要算法进行了比较分析。结果表明 ,在干扰能量抑制比和脉冲压缩指标度量下 ,几种典型的参数化算法都能显著提高接收信号的信干比 ,而基于正弦波模型的算法略优于基于AR模型的算法。     

无潜在抗干扰技术电台的抗干扰对策

通过研究我军装甲兵通信装备现状,分析影响其通信效果的因素,提出若干战术途径,旨在弥补无潜在抗干扰技术的通信装备在抗干扰方面的不足,提高其战场生存能力。     

发动机运动件质量对燃油消耗率影响的分析

发展了一个发动机运动件质量对燃油消耗率影响的分析公式,进行了实例计算。在发动机设计阶段和发动机实际使用中,可以应用这个公式,估计运动件质量变化所引起的比油耗的相对变化。     

GNSS接收机离散化处理对解扩性能的影响

建立扩频信号防混叠滤波、采样、量化与解扩输出关系的数学解析模型,推导得到解扩输出信噪比的解析表达式。分析与仿真表明,当量化位数大于等于4 bit,解扩得到总的信噪比损失可以分解为由量化引起的损失和滤波加采样引起损失的乘积,且量化器最优限幅系数只与量化位数相关;当量化位数小于4 bit时,信噪比损失在一定条件下可近似为量化损失和滤波加采样损失的乘积。当量化位数大于4 bit、滤波器带宽大于5倍码率、采样频率大于4倍码率时,再增大上述参数引起的信噪比损失波动小于0.05 dB,对解扩性能提升不明显。该结论可为实用型全球导航卫星系统接收机前端离散化处理优化设计提供理论指导。     

信息熵和判断矩阵的专家聚类赋权法

为了降低专家聚类赋权过程中由排序向量引起的不确定性和判断矩阵引起的矛盾性,提高权值分配的精确性,提出了基于信息熵和判断矩阵相结合的专家聚类赋权法。该方法采用聚类分析原理,对排序向量进行分类,根据分类结果、信息熵值和一致性比率确定专家权重系数。实例分析表明:基于信息熵和判断矩阵相结合的专家聚类赋权法在具体应用中得到的结果离期望值更近,说明该算法有效可行。     

高灵敏度GPS软件接收机捕获算法

针对传统方法难以实现室内环境下GPS信号的捕获以及传统弱信号捕获算法的一系列弊端,介绍了一种新的捕获算法。由于数据段通过“先累加后相关”的方式进行相干积分可以减少运算量,以此方法改进的半位捕获法进行数据段选择可以避免导航数据位翻转,并且改进后的差分相干积分能够减小非相干积分造成的“平方损失”和改善信噪比,融合上述优点,提出了一种新的算法,为高灵敏度GPS软件接收机的实现提供了保证。仿真结果表明,此算法极大的提高了接收机的捕获性能,并且能够快速捕获到载噪比低至25dB/Hz的微弱信号。     

Signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio estimation for wireless communication systems: Methods and analysis

The Signal‐to‐Interference‐plus‐Noise Ratio (SINR) is an important metric of wireless communication link quality. SINR estimates have several important applications. These include optimizing the transmit power level for a target quality of service, assisting with handoff decisions and dynamically adapting the data rate for wireless Internet applications. Accurate SINR estimation provides for both a more efficient system and a higher user‐perceived quality of service. In this paper, we develop new SINR estimators and compare their mean squared error (MSE) performance. We show that our new estimators dominate estimators that have previously appeared in the literature with respect to MSE. The sequence of transmitted bits in wireless communication systems consists of both pilot bits (which are known both to the transmitter and receiver) and user bits (which are known only by the transmitter). The SINR estimators we consider alternatively depend exclusively on pilot bits, exclusively on user bits, or simultaneously use both pilot and user bits. In addition, we consider estimators that utilize smoothing and feedback mechanisms. Smoothed estimators are motivated by the fact that the interference component of the SINR changes relatively slowly with time, typically with the addition or departure of a user to the system. Feedback estimators are motivated by the fact that receivers typically decode bits correctly with a very high probability, and therefore user bits can be thought of as quasipilot bits. For each estimator discussed, we derive an exact or approximate formula for its MSE. Satterthwaite approximations, noncentral F distributions (singly and doubly) and distribution theory of quadratic forms are the key statistical tools used in developing the MSE formulas. In the case of approximate MSE formulas, we validate their accuracy using simulation techniques. The approximate MSE formulas, of interest in their own right for comparing the quality of the estimators, are also used for optimally combining estimators. In particular, we derive optimal weights for linearly combining an estimator based on pilot bits with an estimator based on user bits. The optimal weights depend on the MSE of the two estimators being combined, and thus the accurate approximate MSE formulas can conveniently be used. The optimal weights also depend on the unknown SINR, and therefore need to be estimated in order to construct a useable combined estimator. The impact on the MSE of the combined estimator due to estimating the weights is examined. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

Failure profiles of coherent systems

In this paper we first introduce and study the notion of failure profiles which is based on the concepts of paths and cuts in system reliability. The relationship of failure profiles to two notions of component importance is highlighted, and an expression for the density function of the lifetime of a coherent system, with independent and not necessarily identical component lifetimes, is derived. We then demonstrate the way that failure profiles can be used to establish likelihood ratio orderings of lifetimes of two systems. Finally we use failure profiles to obtain bounds, in the likelihood ratio sense, on the lifetimes of coherent systems with independent and not necessarily identical component lifetimes. The bounds are relatively easy to compute and use. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

二维超声速空气引射器启动特性试验研究

（静）超声速引射器是高空模拟试车台的重要组件,在发动机启动前利用引射器对试验舱预抽真空可避免发动机启动初始时刻燃气漏入试验舱造成燃气在发动机中分离,对获取发动机在高空环境下的完整推力特性具有重要意义。而该工况下超声速引射器的启动过程是引射器工作过程中最为恶劣的工况,设计不合理的引射器会导致启动压力过高甚至不能实现启动。建立了缩比超声速空气引射器试验台对超声速引射器的启动特性进行研究,采用压力测量方法结合纹影技术对超声速引射器处于极限启动压比时的流场进行了描述,研究结果表明混合室收缩比越小,引射器极限启动压比越低。同时给出了定位超声速引射器不启动原因的判据：当引射器不启动是由引射总压不足引起时,盲腔压力在引射总压提高时降低,并在临界启动状态下达到最小值;而由混合室收缩比过小导致的引射器不启动在引射总压提高时盲腔压力单调上升。     

Electronic warfare in the optical band: Main features,examples and selected measurement data

The paper presents the possibilities of, and methods for, acquiring, analysing and processing optical signals in order to recognise, identify and counteract threats on the contemporary battleground. The main ways electronic warfare is waged in the optical band of the electromagnetic wave spectrum have been formulated, including the acquisition of optical emitter signatures, as well as ultraviolet (UV) and thermal (IR) signatures. The physical parameters and values describing the emission of laser radiation are discussed, including their importance in terms of creating optical signatures. Moreover, it has been shown that in the transformation of optical signals into signatures, only their spectral and temporal parameters can be applied. This was confirmed in experimental part of the paper, which includes our own measurements of spectral and temporal emission characteristics for three types of binocular laser rangefinders. It has been further shown that through simple registration and quick analysis involving comparison of emission time parameters in the case of UV signatures in “solar-blind” band, various events can be identified quickly and faultlessly. The same is true for IR signatures, where the amplitudes of the recorded signal for several wavelengths are compared. This was confirmed experimentally for UV signatures by registering and then analyzing signals from several events during military exercises at a training ground, namely Rocket Propelled Grenade (RPG) launches and explosions after hitting targets, trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosions, firing armour-piercing, fin-stabilised, discarding sabots (APFSDS) or high explosive (HE) projectiles. The final section describes a proposed model database of emitters, created as a result of analysing and transforming the recorded signals into optical signatures.