Tuning the reactivity of Al–Ni by fine coating of halogen-containing energetic composites

In this paper, various core-shell structured Al–Ni@ECs composites have been prepared by a spray-drying technique. The involved ECs refer to the energetic composites (ECs) of ammonium perchlorate/nitrocellulose (AP/NC, NA) and polyvinylidene fluoride/hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (PVDF/CL-20, PC). Two Al–Ni mixtures were prepared at atomic ratios of 1:1 and 1:3 and named as Al/Ni and Al/3Ni, respectively. The thermal reactivity and combustion behaviors of Al–Ni@ECs composites have been comprehensively investigated. Results showed that the reactivity and combustion performance of Al–Ni could be enhanced by introducing both NA and PC energetic composites. Among which the Al/Ni@NA composite exhibited higher reactivity and improved combustion performance. The measured flame propagation rate (v = 20.6 mm/s), average combustion wave temperature (T_max = 1567.0 °C) and maximum temperature rise rate (γ_t = 1633.6 °C/s) of Al/Ni@NA are higher than that of the Al/Ni (v = 15.8 mm/s, T_max = 858.0 °C, and γ_t = 143.5 °C/s). The enhancement in combustion properties could be due to presence of the acidic gaseous products from ECs, which could etch the Al₂O₃ shell on the surface of Al particles, and make the inner active Al to be easier transported, so that an intimate and faster intermetallic reaction between Al and Ni would be realized. Furthermore, the morphologies and chemical compositions of the condensed combustion products (CCPs) of Al–Ni@ECs composites were found to be different depending on the types of ECs. The compositions of CCPs are dominated with the Al–Ni intermetallics, combining with a trace amount of Al₅O₆N and Al₂O₃.     

Experimental study on the cavity evolution and liquid spurt of hydrodynamic ram

In research of the characteristics of the cavity evolution, the pressure, and the liquid spurt in hydrodynamic ram, the experiment of the high-velocity fragment impacting the water-filled container had been conducted. The relationships between the above three characteristics have been researched. The evolution of the cavity can be divided into three processes according to its shape characteristics. The first liquid spurt occurred in Process Ⅱ and the rest of it occurred in Process Ⅲ. The duration of the second liquid spurt is longer than the first liquid spurt. When the impact velocity of the fragment is less than 996 m/s, the velocity of the second liquid spurt is the highest. When the velocity of the fragment is greater than 996 m/s, the velocity of the first liquid spurt is the highest. The maximum velocities of the first and second liquid spurt are 111 m/s and 94 m/s respectively. The pressure fluctuated sharply in Processes Ⅰ and Ⅲ. The maximum peak pressures in the shock and the cavity oscillation phases are 15.51 MPa and 7.96 MPa respectively. The time interval of the two adjacent pressure pulses increases with the increase of the fragment velocity.     

基于波束域MUSIC方法的高分辨方位估计

现代声纳系统普遍采用水听器基阵和一定的信号处理来提高对目标的检测和定位能力,而基阵的波束形成则在其中起着核心作用。文中研究了窄带波束域高分辨方位估计技术,分析了波束域MUSIC方位估计的构造过程和具体实现方法。仿真计算表明,基于波束域MUSIC的方位估计算法是一种分辨空间小角域内多个目标的有效方法。     

FAE野外空中爆炸效应实验研究及其一次起爆机理探讨

野外进行1．8kg的FAE静爆实验,采用不同配方的纯固态燃料和液一固混合燃料与等质量的TNT对比分析。实验结果表明,FAE的爆炸效果明显优于等质量的TNT,而纯固态FAE爆炸性能强于液一固混合FAE;FAE爆炸后测到的超压分布呈现单调减趋势,这是由于测量点都分布在云爆区范围之外;FAE的云雾分散效果优于等质量的TNT装药,火焰持续时间也长。通过高速摄影图片看出,合适配方的纯固态无约束的FAE弹体火球的持续时间与有约束的液一固混合FAE弹体相当。分析了纯固态FAE爆炸后超压峰值时刻与火球最大直径时刻不同步的原因,探讨了纯固态FAE一次起爆机理。     

高机动性能导弹大迎角测量方法研究

简要介绍了嵌入式大气数据传感系统的概念及技术。针对高速高机动性能导弹大迎角高马赫飞行的特点,提出应用嵌入式大气数据传感技术解决导弹大迎角测量问题,并结合导弹自身特点,给出了迎角测量原理和方法,这对于新型导弹的设计具有一定的借鉴意义。     

高频地波雷达目标高度估计的AR模型方法

高度估计对于高频地波雷获取三维信息、提高预警能力很有意义。然而目标RCS的随机起伏对高度估计产生严重影响,通过对RCS随机起伏的AR模型建模和模型参数的自适应估计,提出了在RCS变化的条件下高度估计的扩展卡尔曼滤波算法。通过Monte Carlo仿真和外场试验数据的处理,验证了该方法对抑制RCS随机起伏、提高高度估计精度的有效性。     

运动与血脂

血脂代谢异常是造成心血管等许多疾病的重要原因。运动能够不同程度的改善机体血脂状况。运动对血脂的影响包括几个方面,本文主要在运动对总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-c)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-c)、ApoA、ApoB的影响方面给予综述。     

高亚声速时叶尖小翼对压气机叶栅泄漏流动的影响

为了探索跨声速来流条件时,不同安装位置、不同宽度的叶尖小翼对压气机叶栅气动特性的影响,对Ma=0.8时包括原型叶栅在内的7种扩压叶栅的流场进行了数值研究.结果表明:在多种因素的共同影响下,不同来流冲角的吸力面叶尖小翼在流场中都为负效果,增加了流场复杂性;压力面叶尖小翼则改善了泄漏流动,减小了流动损失.两种安装位置的叶尖...     

在分离式Hopkinson拉杆实验中确定临界实验条件的经验方法

在分离式Hopkinson拉杆实验中,常常需要获得试样在经历一个拉力脉冲拉断情况下的最低应变率,而在分离式Hopkinson拉杆装置中确定对应最低应变率的发射压力需要进行多次尝试性实验。为了更好地解决这一问题,提出一种简单的经验方法,可以通过一次拉断的实验结果计算出一个拉力脉冲拉断试样需要的最小发射压力及相应的应变率,进一步可以预测不同发射压力下的应变率。对4种铝合金试样进行拉伸实验,结果表明,利用提出的经验方法得到的应变率结果与实验结果吻合较好,可以有效地对发射压力和实验应变率进行预估。     

冷阴极高阻抗相对论速调管放大器的模拟研究

采用粒子模拟软件,建立了冷阴极发射实心束的高阻抗相对论速调管放大器模型。该模型由1个带屏蔽环的二极管,5个简单药盒型谐振腔和1个锥形收集极构成。为了给具有高效率的高阻抗相对论速调管提供实心束,同时实现设备的简单化和紧凑化,采用冷阴极取代传统的热电子枪,不仅易操作而且大大降低能耗和经费。在传统二极管阴极侧面引入屏蔽环,利用屏蔽极大地提高电子束阻抗,同时屏蔽环的位置和形状能明显降低非发射区的场强,并且有效改善阴极端面发射的均匀性。在束波互作用区,通过依次调节末前腔和输出腔的位置并结合导引磁场的大小对输出的微波进行优化,结果表明:在二极管发射电压525k V、电流328A的实心束及外加磁场0.35T的条件下,当注入功率为1k W时,在11.424GHz的中心频率处获得了功率81MW,效率47%,增益49d B的微波。