新一代人工智能在国防科技领域发展探讨

新一代人工智能技术已经成为当前研究的重点和热点,并逐渐成为提升国防力量、军事能力和国家竞争力的有效途径。本文在总结人工智能概念的基础上,给出了新一代人工智能的定义和发展的重要意义,从掌握未来战争主动权、支撑军工装备研制生产模式转型和保障国防科技先进性三个方面梳理了国防科技领域发展新一代人工智能的必要性,并从基础技术支撑和国防特色应用两个方向提出了国防科技领域发展新一代人工智能涉及的基础软硬件、标准规范、智能装备/系统、辅助作战指挥、智能研发等重点内容,在此基础上给出了相关的发展建议。以上研究可为新一代人工智能技术在国防科技领域的研究、应用和发展提供参考。     

【将军论坛】科技创新思维的哲学基础、本质特征与实践要求分析

科学技术是核心战斗力,科技创新思维是开启科技创新的“金钥匙”。为实现科技兴军目标,必须高度重视对科技创新思维的研究。本文首先提出马克思主义哲学是指导科技创新思维的锐利思想武器,并从唯物论、辨证法及认识论三个方面进行了论证;其次提出科技创新思维的三个本质特征,即新颖性、全维度和多样性;最后从五个方面提出科技创新思维的实践要求,即深刻认识创新对象、紧贴创新目标要求、重视创新实践探索、建构积淀创新知识、忠于坚守创新追求。     

Maximizing deviation method for multiple attribute decision making under q-rung orthopair fuzzy environment

Because of the uncertainty and subjectivity of decision makers in the complex decision-making environment, the evaluation information of alternatives given by decision makers is often fuzzy and uncertain. As a generalization of intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFSs) and Pythagoras fuzzy set (PFSs), q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) is more suitable for expressing fuzzy and uncertain information. But, in actual multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems, the weights of DMs and attributes are always completely unknown or partly known, to date, the maximizing deviation method is a good tool to deal with such issues. Thus, combine the q-ROFS and conventional maximizing deviation method, we will study the maximizing deviation method under q-ROFSs and q-RIVOFSs in this paper. Firstly, we briefly introduce the basic concept of q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) and q-rung interval-valued orthopair fuzzy sets (q-RIVOFSs). Then, combine the maximizing deviation method with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information, we establish two new decision making models. On this basis, the proposed models are applied to MADM problems with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information. Compared with existing methods, the effectiveness and superiority of the new model are analyzed. This method can effectively solve the MADM problem whose decision information is represented by q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers (q-ROFNs) and whose attributes are incomplete.     

On Government-industry Nexus and Indigenous Armed Resistance

This paper proposes a simple game-theoretic framework for analyzing the relationship between the government, industry and indigenous community, especially in the context of mounting violence surrounding displacement of indigenous communities by governments for the purposes of commercial use of their habitat. It specifically takes into account the possibility of alleged ‘nexus’ between the government and the industry and explores its implications on the level of allocation and utilities of the players. We find that the bias in allocation that occurs when the government and the industry enter a ‘nexus’ can be rectified when there is resistance from the indigenous groups. Moreover, rebellion is a dominant strategy of the indigenous community, irrespective of whether there is ‘nexus’ or not, and being in ‘nexus’ with the government is a best response for the industry. The unique SPNE occurs when there is ‘nexus’ between the industry and the government and resistance by the indigenous groups, corroborating the widespread allegations of ‘nexus’ and evidence of resistance worldwide. We also explore a few extensions of the basic model and present some narrative evidence in support of the theoretical model.     

基于两阶段算法的半潜维修船功能舱室布局

以维修舱空间、舱室邻接、舱室全局位置三个指标为目标函数,以满足高初稳性要求、保证船舶浮态等为约束条件,建立技术可行前提下半潜维修船功能舱室布局优化模型。通过设计贪婪取走启发式算法与规划求解相结合的两阶段算法,实现对模型的求解。以载重为5×10~4 t的半潜船体为载体进行设计,得到半潜维修船功能舱室优化布局方案。随着维修设备质量系数的增加,可行的布局方案数呈上升趋势。该方法可提高半潜维修船在功能舱室布局过程中决策的科学性。     

基于ACE Streams框架的舰船综合电子仿真系统设计

软件构件具有良好的功能封装性及接口规范性,在增强软件的可移植性和提高复用率等方面意义重大。在舰船综合电子仿真系统开发过程中,通过引入ACE Streams框架的技术,有效地降低了软件各层次间的耦合度,增强了数据的传输处理能力,固化了该系统的通信机制。     

基于RTX的实时测控系统软件设计

从无人机半物理仿真试验的整体结构出发,针对实时测控系统的需求,采用了一种较为新颖的Windows+RTX实时性方案,完成了无人机半物理仿真试验中实时测控系统的研制.既满足了试验的实时性要求,又具有很好的用户交互特性,对测控技术的发展及其在国防科技等相关领域中的应用均有重要的参考价值.     

基于LBDL逻辑的抗DPA攻击电路设计方法

动态差分逻辑是一种典型的电路级差分功耗攻击(DPA)防护技术.这种技术通过使逻辑门保持恒定的翻转率来降低电路功耗与数据信号之间的相关性.介绍了一种新型的、基于查找表(Look-Up-Table,LUT)结构的动态差分逻辑(LBDL),以及基于这种逻辑的集成电路设计方法.该设计方法仅需在传统的半定制设计流程中添加少量的替换操作就可以实现 ,因而比其他完全需要全定制设计的动态差分逻辑具有更好的实用性.而相对同样适用于半定制实现的动态差分逻辑 WDDL(Wave Dynamic Differential Logic),LBDL逻辑解决了逻辑门翻转时刻与数据信号之间的相关性,从而比WDDL逻辑具有更好的功耗恒定性.实验结果表明,该设计方法能够有效实现具有抗DPA攻击性能的电路.     

舰艇编队作战系统的武器目标分配问题

设我方m艘战舰,对方n个来袭目标.运用灰色局势决策求得目标对各个战舰产生的威胁值排序;再用模拟退火算法,参考目标威胁,单舰根据自身装载的火力发射进行初步武器分配;最后将分配结果传送至融合中心,应用大系统理论的分解协调法,协调武器分配,使得我方武器对本批目标的打击概率最大.仿真基于VC++编程实现,具体分析了算法及思想的可行性.     

基于装备战斗力的集群装备战损等级评定方法

为了建立集群装备战损评估决策支持系统的需要,对集群装备战损等级评定方法进行了研究.在集群装备的组成特点与评估装备战斗力的基本方法,战时实时评估与平时效能分析的区别与联系的分析基础上,建立了基于单装战损评估的战斗力评估模型,对模型的具体步骤与关键参数进行了详细阐述,由此进一步建立了基于模糊隶属度的集群装备战损等级评定模型.最后以示例对上述模型的具体应用进行了说明.