子母式穿甲弹子弹发射过程研究

对子母式穿甲弹子弹的发射过程进行详细的分析,得出了子弹长度与子弹飞离母弹速度的关系、子弹长度与火药燃烧率的关系、子弹长度与母弹弹头部发射孔内最大压力的关系以及子弹的长度与子弹发射所需时间的关系,为子母式穿甲弹设计提供了依据。     

Field test and probabilistic analysis of irregular steel debris casualty risks from a person-borne improvised explosive device

Person-borne improvised explosive devices (PBIEDs) are often used in terrorist attacks in Western countries. This study aims to predict the trajectories of PBIED fragments and the subsequent safety risks for people exposed to this hazard. An explosive field test with a typical PBIED composed of a plastic explosive charge and steel nut enhancements was performed to record initial fragment behaviour, including positions, velocity, and trajectory angles. These data were used to predict the full trajectory of PBIED fragments using a probabilistic analysis. In the probabilistic analyses a probability of fatality or serious injury was computed. Based on the results presented, many practical conclusions can be drawn, for instance, regarding safe evacuation distances if a person were exposed to a suspected PBIED.     

Countering the effects of IED systems in Afghanistan: an integral approach

The current approach to countering the threat of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in Afghanistan has met with limited success. The relative lack of success may be in part because the current approach is not holistic and discounts the social systems that foster the IEDs. Insurgents are using IEDs as a tool to further their strategic aims, but the coalition and to a lesser extent the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA) are attacking the IEDs as if they are an end in and of themselves. Combining network disruption with information change maximizes the opportunities for mitigating the IED threat. More specifically, to mitigate the IED threat requires disrupting the social and economic systems associated with IEDs, and at the same time providing alternative economic opportunities and improving rule of law and governance at the local level. In other words, counter-IED (C-IED) must be Counter-Insurgency (COIN) centric to be successful. This paper reviews the current state of C-IED efforts, identifies five main problems with the current approach, and suggests changes to reduce or mitigate the IED threat in Afghanistan.     

命中角对防护结构口部爆炸毁伤影响的数值分析

为研究装药命中角对防护结构口部爆炸毁伤的影响规律,对直墙拱结构进行了一系列爆炸模拟分析,得到了直墙拱结构拱顶、拱脚和直墙底3个位置的爆炸应力和位移时程曲线。通过分析这3个位置的应力峰值和位移峰值,发现随着装药命中角的增大,拱顶处竖直方向荷载减小,而拱脚处水平方向荷载增大;随着装药命中角的增大,拱顶处竖直方向位移变形减小,而拱脚处水平方向位移变形增大。模拟分析得到的命中角对防护结构口部爆炸毁伤的影响规律,可供防护工程设计时参考。     

Study of nano-nitramine explosives: preparation,sensitivity and application

Nano-nitramine explosives (RDX, HMX, CL-20) are produced on a bi-directional grinding mill. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations show that the prepared particles are semi-spherical, and the narrow size distributions are characterized using the laser particle size analyzer. Compared with the micron-sized samples, the nano-products show obvious decrease in friction and impact sensitivities. In the case of shock sensitivities, nano-products have lower values by 59.9% (RDX), 56.4% (HMX), and 58.1% (CL-20), respectively. When nano-RDX and nano-HMX are used in plastic bonded explosives (PBX) as alternative materials of micron-sized particles, their shock sensitivities are significantly decreased by 24.5% (RDX) and 22.9% (HMX), and their detonation velocities are increased by about 1.7%. Therefore, it is expected to promote the application of nano-nitramine explosives in PBXs and composite modified double-based propellants (CMDBs) so that some of their properties would be improved.     

单质炸药和样品混合炸药热分解反应动力学参数的研究

本文用差示扫描量热仪(DSC7)测得了几种单质炸药和样品混合炸药的非等温DSC曲线,对热分解反应速率方程进行了研究,编制了由一条非等温DSC曲线的信息计算炸药热分解反应动力学参数的程序,并证明DSC的线性升温速率对动力学参数没有明显影响。     

炸药装药在压剪加载下的起爆特点

进行了两类压剪加载实验：（１）利用石英的平面正碰撞产生压剪加载的实验,采用电磁质速法测试装药试件内部不同质点的运动情况,分析炸药装药中发生化学反应的可能性;（２）在压剪炮上采用平行倾斜碰撞产生压剪加载的实验,观测炸药装药爆炸的可能性。由实验可以看出：在亚爆轰状态的压缩加载应力条件下,剪切的联合作用对炸药的起爆起到敏化作用,适当比例的压剪加载造成更加敏感的炸药起爆响应。文中给出了起爆响应规律和响应机制的实验分析。     

大连“7·16”油库爆炸火灾扑救难点及经验启示

大连＂7.16＂油库爆炸火灾事故是我国多年来极为少见的大型恶性石化企业安全生产事故,这起火灾之所以危险程度高、处置难度大是由其特点及难点决定的。通过对这起爆炸火灾事故特点及难点的详尽分析,论述了此次事故成功处置的关键环节和经验,提出了启示,对消防部队处置此类灾害事故具有一定的借鉴作用。     

关于小尺寸装药用炸药薄膜的研究

利用真空蒸镀技术对太安炸药薄膜及其在小尺寸装药上的应用进行了研究。实验表明利用真空蒸镀技术可以研制出性能优良的炸药薄膜 ;红外光谱分析证明太安在蒸镀前后没有发生质的变化 ;扫描电镜分析得出了太安薄膜的微观结构 ;太安炸药薄膜在小尺寸装药上的应用表明了该装药具有可靠的传爆功能。     

917低磁钢与铝合金爆炸焊接复合实验研究

采用异种金属爆炸焊接复合技术 ,研制了 91 7低磁钢与LF5、LF2 1、LF1 1等铝合金的爆炸焊接复合板 ,并对该铝—钢复合板力学性能进行了实验研究 ,对复合界面进行了金相分析 .实验结果表明 ,该铝—钢复合板复合界面物理结合良好 ,其抗剪和抗弯强度满足实船使用要求