Optimizing usage and maintenance decisions for k‐out‐of‐n systems of moving assets

We consider an integrated usage and maintenance optimization problem for a k‐out‐of‐n system pertaining to a moving asset. The k‐out‐of‐n systems are commonly utilized in practice to increase availability, where n denotes the total number of parallel and identical units and k the number of units required to be active for a functional system. Moving assets such as aircraft, ships, and submarines are subject to different operating modes. Operating modes can dictate not only the number of system units that are needed to be active, but also where the moving asset physically is, and under which environmental conditions it operates. We use the intrinsic age concept to model the degradation process. The intrinsic age is analogous to an intrinsic clock which ticks on a different pace in different operating modes. In our problem setting, the number of active units, degradation rates of active and standby units, maintenance costs, and type of economic dependencies are functions of operating modes. In each operating mode, the decision maker should decide on the set of units to activate (usage decision) and the set of units to maintain (maintenance decision). Since the degradation rate differs for active and standby units, the units to be maintained depend on the units that have been activated, and vice versa. In order to minimize maintenance costs, usage and maintenance decisions should be jointly optimized. We formulate this problem as a Markov decision process and provide some structural properties of the optimal policy. Moreover, we assess the performance of usage policies that are commonly implemented for maritime systems. We show that the cost increase resulting from these policies is up to 27% for realistic settings. Our numerical experiments demonstrate the cases in which joint usage and maintenance optimization is more valuable. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 418–434, 2017     

基于Pareto排序法的战时装备维修任务多目标调度方法

针对战时武器装备维修保障问题,建立了包括最大完工时间、延迟时间和维修单元负荷在内的多目标优化调度模型。为提高解的多样性和收敛性,构建了一种基于Pareto排序法和小生境技术相结合的遗传算法用于模型求解,引入Pareto排序和拥挤距离进行适应度计算,通过混沌系统随机生成权重系数,并使用小生境技术改进选择方式。通过实例验证表明,该方法能够有效地解决装备维修多目标调度问题。     

三轴磁强计轨道确定

未来卫星的发展趋向于微小型化 ,采用小型化、廉价和中等精度的自主导航系统是非常必要的。利用三轴磁强计量测得地磁场矢量在仪表坐标系中的分量 ,并通过卡尔曼滤波器来确定卫星的轨道参数。仿真算例结果表明 ,三轴磁强计定轨方案具有一定的精度 ,能满足卫星定轨精度的要求。     

基于虚拟样机的导弹维修训练仿真系统

以虚拟样机技术为基础 ,提出了装备虚拟维修训练系统建设总体方案 ,主要用于解决目前武器装备维修训练采用实物、实兵、实地训练 ,日常训练成本高、危险性大、训练效率与训练效果有待提高的问题。采用虚拟样机技术开发的装备维修仿真训练系统是解决目前武器装备维修训练突出问题的有效途径。该系统的实现 ,对于解决目前存在的复杂装备维修训练问题有重要意义     

坦克外部磁场的一种计算模型

将坦克的几何形状近似为一个空心长方体和一个空心旋转椭球体的组合,参考旋转椭球模型的计算结果,利用磁场叠加原理,通过解磁标势在直角坐标系中的拉普拉斯方程,建立了坦克外部磁场分布的计算模型,为坦克外部磁场的计算,提供了一种途径。     

ANSYS在方位保持部件温度场分析中的应用

在对方位保持部件进行合理简化的基础上,建立了方位保持部件的三维有限元模型.运用ANSYS5.6的热分析功能对温控过程中方位保持部件的工作环境进行了定量热分析,为测温点的设置提供了重要参考.     

Block replacement policies for a two‐component system with failure dependence

Block replacement and modified block replacement policies for two‐component systems with failure dependence and economic dependence are considered in this paper. Opportunistic maintenance policies are also considered. Where tractable, long‐run costs per unit time are calculated using renewal theory based arguments; otherwise simulation studies are carried out. The management implications for the adoption of the various policies are discussed. The usefulness of the results in the paper is illustrated through application to a particular two‐component system. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

缝宽对双光束干涉的影响

在光学课程中,对双光束干涉的讲解,都是假设缝的宽度无限狭窄。本文在考虑缝的实际宽度的情况下,从光场和光强两方面进行深入的研究。     

高压细水雾灭火装置在灭火救援中的应用

着重阐述了细水雾灭火技术作为一种新型灭火技术,其产生的背景和意义,介绍了细水雾灭火装置的灭火原理和技术特点,并结合高压细水雾灭火装置,提出了在消防部队灭火救援应用中存在的问题和应掌握的技术要领。     

等离子体天线辐射特性研究

用环形荧光灯制作了两幅等离子体天线,等离子体激励源分别为220 V交流电压和射频信号.测量了两种等离子体天线的电压驻波比和远区辐射场强,并与周长相同的方框金属天线的特性进行了对比.结果表明,等离子体天线的增益较金属天线平均低5 dB左右;在试验频率低端,220 V电源预激励方式下等离子体天线增益比RF直接激励要高2～4 dB,随着频率增加,两者增益差变小.