对流层散射双向时间比对中对流层斜延迟估计

为精确估计对流层散射双向时间比对系统中对流层斜延迟,分析了估计卫星信号对流层斜延迟的Hopfield天顶延迟模型及CFA2.2映射函数模型并对其进行修正,从而适用于对流层散射斜延迟的精确估计。根据北纬35°~37°范围内的三个测站2010—2012三年的气象数据,验证Hopfield模型精度范围小于35 mm,并将三个测站按相互之间基线距离的不同分为三组比对站,利用2012年的气象数据,计算在不同入射角下一年的对流层散射斜延迟,并得出最大斜延迟对应的年积日和入射角。结果表明,三组比对站的最大单向散射斜延迟为21.82~35.45 m。在双向比对抵消90%的情况下,时间延迟为7.3 ns~11.7 ns;相互抵消95%时,时间延迟为3.6 ns~5.9 ns。     

Approximation schemes for single‐machine scheduling with a fixed maintenance activity to minimize the total amount of late work

We consider the problem of scheduling n independent and simultaneously available jobs without preemption on a single machine, where the machine has a fixed maintenance activity. The objective is to find the optimal job sequence to minimize the total amount of late work, where the late work of a job is the amount of processing of the job that is performed after its due date. We first discuss the approximability of the problem. We then develop two pseudo‐polynomial dynamic programming algorithms and a fully polynomial‐time approximation scheme for the problem. Finally, we conduct extensive numerical studies to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 172–183, 2016     

A note on efficient sequences with respect to total flow time and number of tardy jobs

For the single‐machine scheduling problem with the objective of simultaneously minimizing total flow time and number of tardy jobs, a lower bound on the number of efficient sequences is known. However, the proof thereof, which makes use of a modified version of Smith's algorithm, is unduly lengthy and sophisticated. Adopting a totally new point of view, we present in this short article a much simpler proof based on the naive idea of pairwise interchange. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 346–348, 2016     

基于圆柱体缺陷构件的超声探伤重构研究

圆柱体构件中非轴对称人造缺陷偏心圆孔的超声探伤一直是无损检测的难点。基于脉冲反射原理设计超声实验平台,根据检测回波信号判定偏心圆孔缺陷所呈现的特征。在实验研究基础上,针对声场在圆柱体工件内部的传播情况,根据惠更斯原理以圆柱体为发射声源,基于k-wave仿真工具箱建立仿真平台,并利用声学传感器接收声波信号,设计的仿真平台能够实现360°同时刻采集工件的发射信号,同时利用传播过程中声压强弱的变化构建声场模型。根据采集的信号采用逆时反演重构模型,直观可视化地重构了内部缺陷的位置形状信息。     

电磁轨道发射器动态发射过程的数值模拟

针对电磁轨道发射器动态发射过程的数值模拟问题,基于矢量磁位A和时间积分标量电位V,采用节点单元法,并选择运动坐标系描述运动问题,推导出动态发射下的电磁轨道发射器三维涡流场有限元离散方程。结合温度场控制方程,建立电磁轨道发射器的三维电磁-温度耦合有限元模型。针对一个电磁轨道发射器动态发射问题,对模型进行数值模拟,得到了动态发射下轨道及电枢的温度场分布特点及发射器电感梯度随时间的变化规律。计算结果表明,模型计算出的脉冲电流峰值、出口电流大小、出口速度等参数均与试验结果吻合较好,验证了所开发的有限元程序代码的正确性。     

脉冲功率电源连续发射水冷模拟负载

针对脉冲功率电源连续循环放电吸能需求,提出一种1.9 MA级循环脉冲功率水冷模拟负载方案。考虑水冷负载与实际电磁发射负载的相似性要求,提出4×8钢管阵列组成的电阻网络,可方便实现电源不同组合方式的放电考核;针对1.9 MA级电流产生的脉冲电磁力可能引起水冷模拟负载损坏的问题,建立水冷模拟负载三维有限元分析模型,进行电磁力计算和结构分析,保证水冷模拟负载稳定性;利用热网络法对模拟负载在循环脉冲模式下的强迫风冷却、自然冷却和去离子水冷却等方式进行了温升分析。结果表明:模拟负载采用钢管内通去离子水冷却效果最好,循环放电时温度可以恢复到初始状态,最高温度62.5℃,满足连续放电实验的需求。利用提出的方法设计一台水冷模拟负载样机并进行了连续2次1.9 MA放电研究,试验结果与理论分析吻合较好,负载结构运行稳定,从而验证了理论分析的正确性。     

有限质量降落伞充气动力学数值模拟

为研究空投任务中降落伞有限质量充气过程的动力学行为,基于罚函数耦合方法和网格自适应技术分析了降落伞柔性结构与周围不可压缩流场的流固耦合特性。数值模拟开伞过程伞衣三维外形变化,获得降落伞系统下落速度、阻力面积等参数;对比分析初始投放速度对降落伞开伞时间、伞衣阻力面积的影响;通过试验数据对比分析开伞力变化。计算结果表明,该方法可以有效模拟降落伞系统有限质量充气过程的动力学特性,仿真结果与试验结果相符。     

基于可用度的电子设备告警系统检查策略研究

针对电子设备告警系统故障具有隐蔽性的特点,考虑检查不完善的因素,运用延迟时间概念,以系统期望可用度最大为优化目标,建立了电子设备隐蔽功能故障检查优化模型。提出了优化检查间隔期的算法,并通过实际案例验证了模型的有效性。     

An application of yield management for Internet Service Providers

In this paper we study strategies for better utilizing the network capacity of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) when they are faced with stochastic and dynamic arrivals and departures of customers attempting to log‐on or log‐off, respectively. We propose a method in which, depending on the number of modems available, and the arrival and departure rates of different classes of customers, a decision is made whether to accept or reject a log‐on request. The problem is formulated as a continuous time Markov Decision Process for which optimal policies can be readily derived using techniques such as value iteration. This decision maximizes the discounted value to ISPs while improving service levels for higher class customers. The methodology is similar to yield management techniques successfully used in airlines, hotels, etc. However, there are sufficient differences, such as no predefined time horizon or reservations, that make this model interesting to pursue and challenging. This work was completed in collaboration with one of the largest ISPs in Connecticut. The problem is topical, and approaches such as those proposed here are sought by users. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Naval Research Logistics 48:348–362, 2001     

板的弹塑性弯曲有限元分析中的分层法

论述了板的弹塑性弯曲有限元分析方法 ,对屈服函数的选取作了分析 ,采用分层方法 ,着重分析了对板的弹塑性切线刚度矩阵的建立 ,所论述的分层计算方法对其它非线性板弯曲的有限元计算具有一定的参考价值