基于效果的炮兵火力打击控制示例

针对当代战争形态变化对炮兵战斗行动提出的诸多挑战,以我军炮兵战术理论为依据,借鉴美军"基于效果作战"理论,提出了一个具体的炮兵火力打击行动示例。通过运用"基于目标"与"基于效果"两种不同的作战思想对示例进行分析,既定性阐述了两种思想所制定作战方案的优劣,又根据对敌总体毁伤概率、炮兵生存概率、弹药消耗量和作战时间四个指标定量对比了两种作战思想下战斗结局的差异,从而论证了基于效果的炮兵火力打击控制思想的可行性和优异性,并通过模拟仿真,得出了一些有益于推动炮兵战术发展的普遍性结论。     

灰色局势决策理论在炮兵火力计划优选中的运用

为了解决炮兵火力计划选择的随意性和盲目性,提出了以灰色理论为基础,综合考虑炮兵火力计划的性质和拟制原则的优选方法;深入研究了局势决策在计划优选中的应用;最后举例说明了灰色局势决策理论在计划优选中的应用,进一步证明了其科学性和创新性,为优选决策提供了一种定量和定性相结合的新方法。     

A duality‐based relaxation and decomposition approach for inventory distribution systems

We propose a new method for making the inventory replenishment decisions in distribution systems. In particular, we consider distribution systems consisting of multiple retailers that face random demand and a warehouse that supplies the retailers. The method that we propose is based on formulating the distribution problem as a dynamic program, and relaxing the constraints that ensure the nonnegativity of the shipments to the retailers, by associating Lagrange multipliers with them. We show that our method provides lower bounds on the value functions, and a good set of values for the Lagrange multipliers can be obtained by maximizing a concave function in a relatively straightforward manner. Computational experiments indicate that our method can provide significant improvements over the traditional approaches for making the inventory replenishment decisions, in terms of both the tightness of the lower bounds on the value functions and the performance of the policies. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

杂合数据的粗糙集属性约简方法

针对决策表中属性取值为杂合数据的情况,提出了基于粗糙集理论的属性约简算法.首先给出了对象间在杂合数据下的相似度计算定义.为了获取合理的对象集合的软划分,给出了阈值计算的最优化模型,并基于粗糙集的上、下近似的概念,得到对象集合在条件属性下的上、下近似的覆盖划分.之后,通过各对象基于条件属性和决策属性的上、下近似下的分布矩阵描述,利用最大分布矩阵,直观地得到两种不同观点下的约简结果.实验结果表明了本算法的合理和有效性.     

一种新的动态分形海面模型及其电磁散射统计特性研究

给出了一种更符合海面实际情况的基于未充分发展海谱的分形海面模型(NDFFM),使用双尺度法计算了NDFFM海面的后向散射截面,并研究了动态散射场幅值分布。结果表明在大特征斜率下散射场服从K分布,随着特征斜率的下降,散射场分布向瑞利分布退化。最后将计算数据与传统的分形模型和实测雷达数据进行比对,证明了该模型的准确性和有效性。     

The Force Publique’s campaigns in the Congo-Arab War, 1892-1894

ABSTRACT

Between 1892 and 1894 the Force Publique of King Leopold II’s Congo Free State engaged in a series of little-known counter-insurgency operations against ivory and slave traders from Zanzibar, commonly referred to as Arabs. Without a particularly strong tradition of imperial service, this article argues that the predominantly Belgian officer corps borrowed and adapted methods used by more experienced colonial forces in the 19^th Century. Whether taken from existing literature or learned through experience, it reveals that the Force Publique’s counter-insurgency methods reflected many of the more recognisable aspects of traditional French and British approaches. It suggests that, despite the unique nature of each colonial campaign, basic principles could be adapted by whomsoever to overcome the military and political challenges of colonial conquest. The Force Publique’s campaigns in the Congo-Arab War, therefore, provide further evidence as to how some base theories could be universally applied.