传热对水边界层流动的影响

本文评述了壁面传热对水边界层流体流动及其阻力的影响,同时分析了加热减阻的应用及其影响因素。传热不仅对层流流动、层流向湍流的转捩以及湍流流动有明显的影响,而且对流动分离以及由分离引起的空化也有显著影响。以热脉冲加热的主动式加热方式既可用来产生和消除边界层的T-S波,也能用来控制边界层的分离。因此,热控制技术可望在控制边界层转捩和分离,减小流动阻力等方面得到应用。     

气动剥离液滴的附面层分析方法

本文根据附面层理论,对高速气流中的液滴,因气流和液滴表面相互作用而产生的气动剥离现象进行了分析,建立了气液两相附面层耦合问题的理论分析模型,得到了发生气动剥离时的最小气流速度的计算公式,为液体燃料在高速气流申雾化机理研究提供参考。     

系统状态方程的信流图描述

本文从基本概念出发,结合两个具体电路讨论如何用信流图建立系统标准状态方程的方法。     

二次流对超声速环型空气引射器真空度的影响

采用计算流体力学时间相关法求解二维轴对称Navier Stokes方程,数值模拟求解了二维轴对称超声速环型空气引射器流场。在前期工作基础上,探讨了零二次流时盲腔压强平衡的机理和二次流对引射器真空度的影响。计算表明,二次流对引射器的流场结构影响显著,与零二次流相比,少量的二次流将使引射器真空度大大下降。     

舰载火箭子母弹最优火力分配

舰载火箭子母弹对岸上目标实施火力压制射击时,火力分配方式直接影响毁伤效果和火力支援任务的完成.针对舰载火箭子母弹的射击特点,首先分析了海上射击误差,然后探讨了集群目标的简化处理方法,最后给出了最优火力分配时表尺差计算公式,并进行了举例分析.利用最优火力分配方法来计算舰载火箭子母弹效力射表尺差,避免了指挥员战场射击指挥的盲目性,可以在相同弹药消耗量情况下取得最佳射击效果,对未来舰载火箭子母弹的火力运用具有较高的现实意义.     

A nonparametric Bayes approach to decide system burn-in time

Burn-in is the preconditioning of assemblies and the accelerated power-on tests performed on equipment subject to temperature, vibration, voltage, radiation, load, corrosion, and humidity. Burn-in techniques are widely applied to integrated circuits (IC) to enhance the component and system reliability. However, reliability prediction by burn-in at the component level, such as the one using the military (e.g., MIL-STD-280A, 756B, 217E [23–25]) and the industrial standards (e.g., the JEDEC standards), is usually not consistent with the field observations. Here, we propose system burn-in, which can remove many of the residual defects left from component and subsystem burn-in (Chien and Kuo [6]). A nonparametric model is considered because 1) the system configuration is usually very complicated, 2) the components in the system have different failure mechanisms, and 3) there is no good model for modeling incompatibility among components and subsystems (Chien and Kuo [5]; Kuo [16]). Since the cost of testing a system is high and, thus, only small samples are available, a Bayesian nonparametric approach is proposed to determine the system burn-in time. A case study using the proposed approach on MCM ASIC's shows that our model can be applied in the cases where 1) the tests and the samples are expensive, and 2) the records of previous generation of the products can provide information on the failure rate of the system under investigation. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 44: 655–671, 1997     

Algorithms for computing waiting time distributions under different queue disciplines for the D-BMAP/PH/1

A queueing system characterized by the discrete batch Markovian arrival process (D-BMAP) and a probability of phase type distribution for the service time is one that arises frequently in the area of telecommunications. Under this arrival process and service time distribution we derive the waiting time distribution for three queue disciplines: first in first out (FIFO), last in first out (LIFO), and service in random order (SIRO). We also outline efficient algorithmic procedures for computing the waiting time distributions under each discipline. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 44: 559–576, 1997     

Stage life testing

In progressive censoring, items are removed at certain times during the life test. Commonly, it is assumed that the removed items are used for further testing. In order to take into account information about these additional testing in inferential procedures, we propose a two‐step model of stage life testing with one fixed stage‐change time which incorporates information about both the removed items (further tested under different conditions) and those remaining in the current life test. We show that some marginal distributions in our model correspond either to progressive censoring with a fixed censoring time or to a simple‐step stress model. Furthermore, assuming a cumulative exposure model, we establish exact inferential results for the distribution parameters when the lifetimes are exponentially distributed. An extension to Weibull distributed lifetimes is also discussed.     

Insurgent courts in civil wars: the three pathways of (trans)formation in today’s Syria (2012–2017)

As part of research on the meso-foundations of conflict, the field of ‘rebel governance’ examines political institutions that regulate the affairs of civilians in wartime as well as their relations with armed actors. Judicial institutions play an important role in this and research has shown that they are widespread among both historical and current insurgencies. However, usually these bodies have been analysed in the context of one hegemonic faction like the Tamil Tigers in Sri Lanka and the Afghan Taliban. What is missing so far is an analysis of different pathways of (trans)formation of rebel courts. As exemplified by the three case studies of judicial institutions in Eastern Ghouta, Idlib and Aleppo, these are shaped by the distribution of power between ‘same-side’ groups, yielding unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar constellations. The analysis is located on the meso or movement level of insurgent social structures, complementing research on the micro and macro levels.     

低地球轨道卫星网络节能方法

通常卫星的唯一能源来源是太阳能,因此星上网络设备的能源供应问题比地面网络的更加严峻。通过修改和扩展链路容量受限的最小代价多商品流模型来适应卫星网络这一特殊的体系结构,并基于低轨道卫星网络的多重覆盖机制和流量分布模型,改进现有的启发式算法来关闭冗余的卫星节点、星地链路和星间链路。在满足链路利用率和路由跳数增加比例约束的条件下,仿真实验中关闭上述三种参数的比例分别可达59%、61%和72%,卫星网络的总体节能比例可达65%。