浅谈现代远程教育对武警院校教学的深远影响

武警院校拥有丰富的教育资源,依托武警部队日益健全的内部网络系统,大力开展现代远程教育,能够更加紧密院校与部队的联系,及时了解部队的需求,制定出更加符合部队实际的课程体系,更大限度发挥现有教学资源的效益。由于远程教育具有方便快捷,受时间、空间局限小的特性,弥补了由于武警部队点多、线长、面广,分布相对分散,导致部队官兵学习时间不固定、人员难以集中等不便的问题,为武警部队官兵获取文化知识,学习科学技术提供了新的途径。     

基于直\气复合的再入飞行器操纵耦合分析及鲁椿控制设计

为保证再入飞行器在剧烈变化飞行环境下的控制能力,传统单一气动舵面控制被直＼气复合控制模式取代.性能提升同时,多个参与飞行控制的执行机构之间引起的操纵耦合使系统耦合加剧.以再入飞行器为研究重点,分析了直＼气复合控制模式下的两类操纵耦合原理,建立数学模型.采用动态逆,模糊理论和变结构方法相结合策略设计鲁棒控制器.仿真结果表明该方法是行之有效的.     

面向普适计算应用的构件定义语言UCDL

普适计算的适应性特征对于软件重用的要求决定了构件模型是目前普适计算软件体系结构的理想选择.在面向普适计算的自适应软件平台UbiStar的研究过程中,为了准确地对普适应用中构件的外部特征进行抽象描述,参考了CORBA构件模型使用IDL3和CIDL对构件进行特征抽象的方法,结合UbiStar普适计算平台的特点与需求,提出了一种适用于普适计算环境的构件定义语言UCDL,并且给出了一个应用示例.     

一种基于0-1整数规划的全局数据分布优化方法

数据分布是影响并行程序在分布主存多处理机上执行性能的重要因素.针对分布主存多处理机中的数据分布问题,提出了一种基于0-1整数规划、利用数据变换技术进行有效数据分布的方法.该方法通过数据变换技术改变数据的存储布局,以使得数据能被有效地分布,并且该方法还利用数据分布图描述程序被并行的情况及其所含数组被访问的情况,并将全局数据分布优化问题转换为求解数据分布图中最优路径的问题,从而可用0-1整数规划求解最优路径问题.该方法能对多个嵌套循环中具有仿射数组下标的任意维数组进行有效的数据分布,并且也能使嵌套循环的并行度尽可能地大.另外,该方法也考虑了偏移常量的对准问题,从而能使数据通信量尽量地小.实验结果验证了该方法的有效性.     

信息中心网络缓存节点位置选择算法

信息中心网络（Information-Centric Networking, ICN）“泛在缓存”的特性,引发数据副本率过高、缓存空间不能充分利用等问题。为了解决上述问题,分别从用户、服务提供商和网络运营商的角度出发,以最小化网络流量与网络费用开销为优化目标建立两个单目标优化模型,并将二者结合为帕累托模型;基于帕累托求解方法中数学规划法的思想,详细描述缓存节点位置选择算法。仿真结果表明：在流量性价比方面,所提缓存节点选择算法优于ICN的默认缓存机制;在网络费用开销方面,所提算法更适用于只有少数内容较为流行的网络中,而在所有内容都流行的情况下,ICN中默认的“遍地缓存”机制更为适宜。     

The Gravity of Arms

The aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants of international arms transfers in a gravity model framework. By distinguishing between the decision to export arms (extensive margin) and the value of the arms exported (intensive margin), while also considering its interdependence, is what differentiates this paper from previous research. A theoretically justified gravity model of trade augmented with political and security motives is estimated using a two-stage panel data approach for 104 exporting countries over the period from 1950 to 2007. In addition to the usual gravity variables related to the economic mass of the trading countries and the trade cost factors, the model is extended with political and security factors. The level of democracy in both trading partners, political differences between trading partners and voting similarity with the United States in the UN General Assembly of the countries engaged in trade are the main political factors, whereas the existence of conflicts, military pacts, and embargoes are taken as security motives. The key result indicates that both political and security motives are an important determinant of an arms trade, but their effects on the extensive margin of exports (the decision to order a transfer) differs from their effect on the intensive margin (average value of exports). Moreover, the relative importance of the factors under study has changed since 1989. In the post-cold war period, countries that are less democratic are more likely to export arms, military pacts are less relevant and embargoes play a role.     

Estimating failure time distribution and its parameters based on intermediate data from a Wiener degradation model

Instead of measuring a Wiener degradation or performance process at predetermined time points to track degradation or performance of a product for estimating its lifetime, we propose to obtain the first‐passage times of the process over certain nonfailure thresholds. Based on only these intermediate data, we obtain the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator and uniformly most accurate confidence interval for the mean lifetime. For estimating the lifetime distribution function, we propose a modified maximum likelihood estimator and a new estimator and prove that, by increasing the sample size of the intermediate data, these estimators and the above‐mentioned estimator of the mean lifetime can achieve the same levels of accuracy as the estimators assuming one has failure times. Thus, our method of using only intermediate data is useful for highly reliable products when their failure times are difficult to obtain. Furthermore, we show that the proposed new estimator of the lifetime distribution function is more accurate than the standard and modified maximum likelihood estimators. We also obtain approximate confidence intervals for the lifetime distribution function and its percentiles. Finally, we use light‐emitting diodes as an example to illustrate our method and demonstrate how to validate the Wiener assumption during the testing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Optimum step‐stress accelerated life test plans for log‐location‐scale distributions

This article presents new tools and methods for finding optimum step‐stress accelerated life test plans. First, we present an approach to calculate the large‐sample approximate variance of the maximum likelihood estimator of a quantile of the failure time distribution at use conditions from a step‐stress accelerated life test. The approach allows for multistep stress changes and censoring for general log‐location‐scale distributions based on a cumulative exposure model. As an application of this approach, the optimum variance is studied as a function of shape parameter for both Weibull and lognormal distributions. Graphical comparisons among test plans using step‐up, step‐down, and constant‐stress patterns are also presented. The results show that depending on the values of the model parameters and quantile of interest, each of the three test plans can be preferable in terms of optimum variance. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

并行离散事件仿真中的DDM机制实现

在并行离散事件仿真系统中实现仿真模型间的互操作机制需要引入类似HLA中定义的声明管理(DM)和数据分发管理(DDM)服务.我们开发的KD-PADSE高性能并行离散事件仿真环境采用谓词断言和对象代理方法在面向对象的并行离散事件仿真系统中实现了基于平行结构和事件调度机制的声明管理(DM)和数据分发管理(DDM)服务.在以千兆以太网互联的10节点Linux集群计算机上,采用DDM机制后仿真模型每秒(物理时间)可以进行1万次属性更新,是没有采用DDM机制时的20倍,在功能性和性能上验证了该DDM机制在并行离散事件仿真系统中的适用性.     

一种高效的显式模型检验方法

随着软硬件系统规模和功能的不断扩充,状态空间爆炸问题严重影响了模型检验的进一步发展与应用,成为验证大规模系统的瓶颈.在显式模型检验工具Murphi的基础上,针对其可达状态空间组织存在的问题进行改进,提出了基于整型指针与Fibonacci散列的可达状态空间组织方法,实现了一个高效的显式模型检验原型系统,在确保验证正确的同时有效缩短了验证时间,并能在系统规范不可满足的情况下给出反例,有助于系统设计人员快速定位错误.理论分析和实验结果表明了本方法的有效性.