拉压异性材料具有圆孔的无限大薄板的极限分析

利用莫尔屈服准则,对拉压异性材料具有圆孔的无限大薄板进行了极限分析。计算结果表明,材料的拉压异性对结构的极限承载能力和弹塑性状态都有明显的影响。考虑了材料拉压异性的影响,分析结果更具一般性。     

加快实验改革 提高实验教学效果

本文从培养学生自信心、整合实验内容、完善考试方法三个方面论述了加快实验改革,提高实验教学水平的必要性,以及所采取的具体方法。     

聚(丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺)高吸水剂的制备及应用性能的研究

用反相悬浮聚合法合成了丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚物[P(AA-AM)]高吸水性树脂.讨论了其在蒸馏水及NaCl水溶液中的吸液性能,通过对滤液电导率的测定探讨了高吸水树脂吸盐水的机理.分别研究了在不同离子强度下NaCl、CuCl2、FeCl3和MgCl2、CaCl2、BaCl2以及KCl、KBr、KI水溶液中的吸液性能;以及在相同离子强度的不同盐溶液中的吸液性能.另外,研究了温度对树脂吸收性能的影响以及树脂的保液性能.结果表明,①随离子强度的增加吸液倍率显著下降;等离子强度下多价阳离子的存在使吸液倍率急剧减少;而同一主族阴离子的钾盐溶液中,当离子强度相等时,吸液倍率按阴离子半径从大到小的顺序依次降低,但差别很小.②高吸水性树脂中的非离子型单体的引入有利于提高树脂的抗盐性以及对不同种类盐的稳定性.在蒸馏水中,吸收倍率随温度升高而降低;但在质量分数3%的NaCl水溶液中,吸收倍率随温度的升高而升高.③合成的该高吸水性树脂具有很好的保液性能.     

南水北调中线工程安阳段渠坡换填土的强度特性研究

为了分析南水北调中线工程安阳段渠坡的稳定性,对该渠坡换填土在不同含水率下进行了不固结不排水三轴剪切试验.研究结果表明:剪切速率对基质吸力的影响较大,而对强度的影响较小;通过比较确定了合适的剪切速率;含水率相同的试样在不同围压下的强度值在pf -qf坐标上呈良好的线性关系;得到了试样在不同含水率下的总强度指标,建立了总内...     

多铁性磁电智能复合材料的力学研究进展

介绍了多铁性磁电智能复合材料的概念、分类及发展现状;总结了两类典型多铁性复合材料的力学问题（包括波动与振动问题、夹杂问题、断裂问题等）的研究进展;分析了层状多铁性复合材料力学行为的特殊性;基于应变介导的磁电耦合机制,阐述了界面断裂力学研究对于层状多铁性复合材料研制的重要性和必要性;最后指出了该领域下一步的研究方向。     

结构设计对混响室场性能影响的仿真研究

通过仿真计算,分别研究了尺寸比例设计对混响室场均匀性的影响和体积变化对混响室电场强度大小的影响。数据结果表明：混响室内工作区域的场均匀性随着混响室长／宽比值增大而变差,且为获得场均匀性较优的测试环境,长宽比例应〈2。同时证明了混响室存在一临界体积上限,小于临界体积上限时,随着体积的增大,室内的电场强度逐渐减小,场均匀性逐渐提高;达到临界体积上限后,室内的场均匀性开始变差,混响室逐渐丧失对电磁波的混响作用。通过仿真计算得出混响室模型临界体积上限为10^4m^3。     

Study of high-speed-impact-induced conoidal fracture of Ti alloy layer in composite armor plate composed of Ti-and Al-alloy layers

In order to understand the mechanism of conoidal fracture damage caused by a high-speed fragment-simulating projectile in titanium alloy layer of a composite armor plate composed of titanium- and aluminum-alloy layers, the ballistic interaction process was successfully simulated based on the Tuler-Butcher and GISSMO coupling failure model. The simulated conoidal fracture morphology was in good agreement with the three-dimensional industrial-computed-tomography image. Further, three main damage zones (zones I, II, and III) were identified besides the crater area, which are located respectively near the crater area, at the back of the target plate, and directly below the crater area. Under the high-speed-impact conditions, in zone II, cracks began to form at the end of the period of crack formation in zone I, but crack formation in zone III started before the end of crack formation in zone II. Further, the damage mechanism differed for different stress states. The microcracks in zone I were formed both by void connection and shear deformation. In the formation of zone I, the stress triaxiality ranged from-2.0 to-1.0, and the shear failure mechanism played a dominant role. The microcracks in zone II showed the combined features of shear deformation and void connection, and during the for-mation process, the stress triaxiality was between 0 and 0.5 with a mixed failure mode. Further, the microcracks in zone III showed obvious characteristics of void connection caused by local melting. During the zone III formation, the triaxiality was 1.0-1.9, and the ductile fracture mechanism was dominant, which also reflects the phenomenon of spallation.     

An interface shear damage model of chromium coating/steel substrate under thermal erosion load

The Cr-plated coating inside a gun barrel can effectively improve the barrel's erosion resistance and thus increase the service life.However,due to the cyclic thermal load caused by high-temperature gun-powder,micro-element damage tends to occur within the Cr coating/steel substrate interface,leading to a gradual deterioration in macro-mechanical properties for the material in the related region.In order to mimic this cyclic thermal load and,thereby,study the thermal erosion behavior of the Cr coating on the barrel's inner wall,a laser emitter is utilized in the current study.With the help of in-situ tensile test and finite element simulation results,a shear stress distribution law of the Cr coating/steel substrate and a change law of the interface ultimate shear strength are identified.Studies have shown that the Cr coating/steel substrate interface's ultimate shear strength has a significant weakening effect due to increasing temperature.In this study,the interfacial ultimate shear strength decreases from 2.57 GPa(no erosion)to 1.02 GPa(laser power is 160 W).The data from this experiment is employed to establish a Cr coating/steel substrate interface shear damage model.And this model is used to predict the flaking process of Cr coating by finite element method.The simulation results show that the increase of coating crack spacing and coating thickness will increase the service life of gun barrel.     

某压力容器壳体水压爆裂原因分析

针对某压力容器壳体生产过程中出现的水压试验异常爆裂问题,通过材料成分、热处理组织、力学性能、宏观和微观断口分析,确定了裂源位置、裂纹缺陷性质、产生原因及断裂机理;通过断裂力学分析,确定了水压爆裂的原因。提出了淬火工艺改进建议和防范措施。     

Q345低合金结构钢的高温强度试验研究

采用恒温加载试验方法对钢结构建筑常用的Q345低合金结构钢的高温强度进行试验研究,采用切线交点法确定钢材有效屈服强度,并与其它方法强度取值进行对比,给出钢材高温强度回归公式,为钢结构建筑的抗火分析提供依据。