“小机构”的“大智慧”——美国高能激光技术联合办公室

美国国防部在世纪伊始成立的高能激光技术联合办公室专职人员不到10人,却能高效调动创新体系中所有创新单元,长期保持战略先导地位。本文全面介绍联合办公室的使命职能、编制组成、运行方式、科研项目、代表性成果以及重要决策,旨在为技术创新和管理创新提供参考和借鉴。     

频率分集阵列的有源假目标鉴别方法

针对雷达对抗中转发式欺骗干扰的抑制问题,提出一种基于频率分集阵列的干扰鉴别方法。频率分集阵列中,目标回波在相邻阵元间产生的相位差与距离、角度呈线性关系,而假目标不满足该关系。对目标回波和多类假目标干扰在频率分集阵列接收端的相位差进行理论推导,详细分析匹配滤波、信号混合、移频等因素对相位差的影响,并给出了假目标鉴别的具体流程。理论分析及仿真结果表明,该方法能准确提取混合信号的相位差信息,有效对抗多种类型的转发式欺骗干扰,且鉴别性能对干信比、信噪比均不敏感,具有较强的环境适应性。     

电传动装甲车辆负载功率预测实时能量管理策略

针对电传动装甲车辆负载功率预测功能缺失导致控制作用滞后的问题,提出一种具有较高负载功率预测精度的实时能量管理策略。在分析整车结构的基础上,采用理论分析和数据拟合方法,建立各动力源数学模型。将差分自回归移动平均模型和自适应马尔可夫链两种预测方法相结合,设计非平稳趋势性负载功率组合预测方法。在非线性模型预测控制框架下,构建多目标优化函数,采用序列二次规划法在有限时域内实时求解最优控制指令,优化多动力源协调控制过程。依托硬件在环仿真平台进行多路面行驶实验,对比有无功率预测的能量管理控制效果。结果表明,改进的实时能量管理策略对未来负载功率具有较好的预见性,能够显著优化多动力源协调控制过程,提升车辆燃油经济性,稳定母线电压和电池荷电状态,对传统模型预测控制下的工程应用场景具有一定借鉴意义。     

Driving force coordinated control of an 8 ×8 in-wheel motor drive vehicle with tire-road friction coefficient identification

Because of the complexities of tire-road interaction,the wheels of a multi-wheel distributed electric drive vehicle can easily slip under certain working conditions.As wheel slip affects the dynamic per-formance and stability of the vehicle,it is crucial to control it and coordinate the driving force.With this aim,this paper presents a driving force coordination control strategy with road identification for eight-wheeled electric vehicles equipped with an in-wheel motor for each wheel.In the proposed control strategy,the road identification module estimates tire-road forces using an unscented Kalman filter al-gorithm and recognizes the road adhesion coefficient by employing the recursive least-square method.According to road identification,the optimal slip ratio under the current driving condition is obtained,and a controller based on sliding mode control with a conditional integrator uses this value for accel-eration slip regulation.The anti-slip controller obtains the adjusting torque,which is integrated with the driver-command-based feedforward control torque to implement driving force coordination control.The results of hardware-in-loop simulation show that this control strategy can accurately estimate tire-road forces as well as the friction coefficient,and thus,can effectively fulfill the purpose of driving force coordinated control under different driving conditions.     

分布式储能技术的探索与实践

文章阐述了分布式储能技术的重要意义,介绍了分布式储能技术在经济社会可持续发展重要领域——能源互联网发展中的重要地位,并对分布式储能的技术形态与载体进行了分析,最后以信息网络重要组成部分——数据中心为应用场景,对分布式储能技术的实践进行了探讨。     

未来能量互联的关键设备——固态变压器

固态变压器作为能源互联网中实现能量转换和控制的关键设备,有很多方面需要进行深入研究,文章结合固态变压器的自身特点,对其主要发展的核心技术,包括基于SiC新型宽禁带材料的研制、基于SiC的固态功率器件和固态变压器设计与实现、固态变压器的先进控制策略研究等进行了详细阐述。     

Optimization of process parameters of the activated tungsten inert gas welding for aspect ratio of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel welds

The activated TIG (ATIG) welding process mainly focuses on increasing the depth of penetration and the reduction in the width of weld bead has not been paid much attention. The shape of a weld in terms of its width-to-depth ratio known as aspect ratio has a marked influence on its solidification cracking tendency. The major influencing ATIG welding parameters, such as electrode gap, travel speed, current and voltage, that aid in controlling the aspect ratio of DSS joints, must be optimized to obtain desirable aspect ratio for DSS joints. Hence in this study, the above parameters of ATIG welding for aspect ratio of ASTM/UNS S32205 DSS welds are optimized by using Taguchi orthogonal array (OA) experimental design and other statistical tools such as Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pooled ANOVA techniques. The optimum process parameters are found to be 1 mm electrode gap, 130 mm/min travel speed, 140 A current and 12 V voltage. The aspect ratio and the ferrite content for the DSS joints fabricated using the optimized ATIG parameters are found to be well within the acceptable range and there is no macroscopically evident solidification cracking.     

一种鱼雷自导信号频率检测方法研究

靶场在进行智能鱼雷鉴定试验任务时,实时准确地检测出鱼雷自导信号的频率成分是靶标信号处理中的重要环节,谱线比值法便是靶标进行信号处理时检测信号频率的一种有效方法。本文介绍了谱线比值法的基本原理,针对目前鱼雷自导信号特点,对该方法提出了改进方案并进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,经改进的谱线比值法能够满足靶标检测复杂鱼雷自导信号体制下信号频率的使用要求。     

数值模拟气/气喷嘴速度比对燃烧性能的影响

为研究应用于全流量补燃循环发动机的不同气/气喷嘴得到的燃烧流场,通过求解NavierStokes方程组,对不同燃料与氧化剂速度比下的流动燃烧过程进行了数值计算,计算结果与实验结果吻合。仿真结果表明:增加速度比能使燃烧火焰面提前,燃烧效率变大。如果发动机的长度受到限制,可以适当增加速度比以实现高效燃烧。