高速路由与交换技术现状及发展趋势

多个方向的可扩展特性是新一代互联网的重要特点,这对高性能路由器的性能、规模、功能和服务等能力提出了更高的要求,高速路由与交换技术是承载这种可扩展特性的关键技术。从网络处理器设计、路由查找技术以及高速交换技术三个方面总结了高速路由与交换技术的研究和发展现状,并展望了未来的发展趋势。     

面向SPR的异构路由器聚合交换技术

互联网的快速发展使得传统的POP组网方式面临巨大的挑战,部署SPR(Single POP Router)路由器被认为是解决问题的有效手段。提出了异构路由器的聚合交换技术,可以将POP中的多个异构路由器以集群的方式实现一个规模更大的SPR路由器,具有降低组网成本、保护现有投资、简化网络管理、提高交换效率等优点。给出了聚合交换技术中需要重点研究的几个关键问题以及研究思路。     

一种升压电源变压器的设计

针对一种装甲车辆用升压电源的成功研制,详细介绍了关键元器件--升压变压器的设计步骤及关键参数的计算.文章对升压变压器磁芯材料、磁芯结构、磁芯参数、线圈参数的选择作了详尽的论述,给出了升压变压器所需的合理结构和参数计算公式,通过试验验证了变压器设计的合理性和正确性,对其他类型开关电源变压器设计有一定的指导意义.     

陆战平台信息系统的主要交换分析

交换技术是陆战平台信息化的关键技术,未来陆战平台的交换呈现了一体化综合交换的趋势。对陆战平台的主要业务和交换需求进行了分析,阐述了当前的主要交换手段,并针对当前交换系统的设计现状提出了综合交换的设计思路,为陆战平台交换系统的设计提供了依据。     

卫星导航弱信号的变维卡尔曼滤波跟踪算法

复杂环境下的多普勒频移变化及信号功率衰减均会造成载波跟踪偏差较大甚至失锁,针对标准卡尔曼滤波算法跟踪机动目标时不能同时满足高动态及高灵敏度要求的问题,提出一种基于变维卡尔曼滤波的载波跟踪算法。引入机动和非机动两种载波跟踪模型,通过机动检测因子监视载波动态变化,实时高效地切换载波跟踪模型,从而实现对载波机动和非机动状态的自适应跟踪,抑制机动改变引起的较大误差突跳。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法在低至30d BHz弱信号环境下,相比基于标准卡尔曼滤波的跟踪算法,其在目标动态突变时相位跟踪误差减小约37.5%,频率跟踪误差减小约77%。     

一种基于PRI变化规律的雷达辐射源识别方法

针对相控阵雷达中某些具有复杂PRI调制样式的工作模式难以准确识别的问题,提出一种通过提取PRI序列变化规律来进行辐射源识别的方法。该方法借鉴了脉冲样本图的模型以及生物信息学中基因序列比对的动态规划思想,较好地解决了某些复杂PRI调制样式不好描述,以及相控阵雷达中一个完整工作模式包含脉冲序列长度太短,以致很难通过统计的方法对其进行准确识别的问题。仿真结果表明该算法的有效性,而且在存在脉冲丢失和干扰脉冲的情况下具有稳健性。     

CONTRIBUTORS

Russia holds the largest stocks of civilian highly enriched uranium (HEU) of any country, operating more than fifty research reactors, pulsed reactors, and critical assemblies using HEU, as well as nine HEU-fueled icebreakers. Russia's participation in international efforts to phase out civilian HEU is crucial if international HEU minimization efforts are to succeed. Individual Russian institutes and organizations participate in international programs to replace HEU with low-enriched uranium in Soviet-supplied research reactors, develop alternative fuels, and repatriate fresh and spent HEU fuel from third countries. However, an overarching national policy on HEU phase-out has yet to be adopted. There are many obstacles to obtaining such a commitment from Moscow. At the same time, the ongoing reform of the Russian nuclear industry and plans for expansion of domestic nuclear power generation and for increased nuclear exports create opportunities for securing such a commitment.     

RUSSIAN NAVAL NUCLEAR FUEL AND REACTORS

Russian naval nuclear fuel and reactors pose both proliferation and environmental threats, ranging from the possible theft of highly enriched uranium fuel to the radioactive contamination of the environment, whether due to accident, neglect, or sabotage. Current conditions at Russian naval bases, together with a history of accidents and incidents involving Russia's nuclear fleet, make a convincing case for the large-scale assistance that the G8 is now providing to improve the safety and security of Russian naval reactors and fuel. However, virtually no data has been released to allow accurate, reliable, and independent analysis of reactor and fuel properties, risking misguided international efforts to assist in the areas of nuclear cleanup, nonproliferation, and security. This article identifies and assesses relevant properties and developments related to reactor and fuel design, provides a comprehensive presentation of Russian nuclear naval technologies, and examines technological trends in the context of proliferation and environmental security.     

THE NUCLEAR THRESHOLD STATES

“Nuclear threshold states”—those that have chosen nuclear restraint despite having significant nuclear capabilities—seem like the perfect partners for the reinvigorated drive toward global nuclear disarmament. Having chosen nuclear restraint, threshold states may embrace disarmament as a way to guarantee the viability of their choice (which may be impossible in a proliferating world). Supporting disarmament efforts affirms their restraint, both self-congratulating and self-fulfilling. Additionally, the commitment to their non-nuclear status springs at least in part from a moral stance against nuclear weapons that lends itself to energetic support of global disarmament. However, threshold states also offer significant challenges to the movement for nuclear weapons elimination, in particular in relation to acquisition of enrichment and reprocessing facilities. This article analyzes both the challenges and opportunities posed by threshold states by examining the cases of Brazil and Japan.     

基于Prony算法合闸于故障保护方案

将Prony分析方法应用于断路器合闸于故障保护。利用Matlab软件对断路器合闸于输电线路故障和非故障情况下的暂态过程进行建模和仿真,对合闸后半个周波或1个周波输电线路保护安装处实测的电流数据进行采样,应用Pronv算法对其进行分析,提取出此暂态电流中包含的各次自振荡分量的各个特征量,识别出线路中是否存在故障。仿真证明：该分析方法可在合闸后半个周波或1个周波准确求出合闸操作暂态过程中各次频率的分量,从而正确识别线路的故障。