自适应窗口仿射最小二乘匹配方法

为了解决仿射最小二乘匹配方法在未知初始参数条件下无法自适应选择匹配窗口的问题,提出了一种基于局部形状估计的自适应窗口最小二乘匹配方法。利用LOG(Laplacian of Gaussian)算子检测特征点以及特征点所在的尺度;在特征点邻域内根据特征尺度计算局部二阶矩矩阵,用二阶矩矩阵估计特征点局部的形状特征;根据特征点局部的形状自适应选择初始匹配窗口进行仿射最小二乘迭代。实验结果表明,该方法在较大仿射变形下能够准确的选择有效匹配区域,避免因窗口内容差异造成的迭代不收敛问题。     

ENERGY FOR SECURITY:

Though North Korea agreed to partial denuclearization in February 2007, achieving that goal is at best a long way off. A natural gas pipeline linking all of Northeast Asia and promising energy and economic help could help convince the isolated nation to step away from its nuclear programs entirely; it could also provide the nonproliferation and energy security benefits that have eluded the region for so long. These economic benefits could motivate the other nations involved in the six-party talks to deal with North Korea more than if only nuclear reactors were offered.     

有限声速的纯方位算法

针对纯方位条件下对等速直航目标观测的算法问题,将目标运动要素及平均声速作为待估计参数,给出了计算非线性最小二乘法目标函数梯度与Hessian矩阵的解析公式,基于这些公式,可以构造估计目标运动要素的一些算法及编程实现。部分数值实验表明,信赖域算法、Levenberg-Marquardt算法与Matlab用于解非线性最小二乘问题的函数lsqnonlin的计算精度基本一致。     

What determines military allocations in Africa: Theoretical and empirical investigations

This paper investigates theoretically and empirically the determinants of military spending in Africa. It specifies a formal model and uses time‐series and cross‐sectional estimations to ascertain the reasons behind variations in military allocations across and within 40 African countries during 1960–1991. The differences in military expenditures appear to reflect a complex of economic, political, and strategic factors at both national and international levels. Strategic considerations are, however, found to be the most important factors in most African countries.     

Asbestos in the collection of the Royal Armouries and the conservation of a First World War German gasmask

In March 2015, in order to comply with Health and Safety Regulations, the Royal Armouries contracted an external company to carry out an asbestos audit. This article looks at what that audit entailed and also how a gasmask suspected of containing asbestos, was made safe in order to conserve and display it.     

导频设计的MIMO-OFDM改进信道估计算法

为提高系统的传输效率并改善信道估计的性能,提出了一种结合优化导频设计的分段带阻滤波算法.采用优化的导频设计,该算法在少量增加计算复杂度的基础上,能够进一步提高信道估计的性能,与实际中广泛应用的经典时域滤波算法相比,具有更高的估计精度.仿真结果证明该算法适用于不同的信道环境,尤其在低信噪比的条件下,该算法能够明显降低信道估计的MSE.     

Effects of Mg/PTFE pyrotechnic compositions on reignition characteristics of base bleed propellants and heating mechanism

The effects of magnesium/polytetrafluoroethylene (Mg/PTFE) pyrotechnic compositions on the coupled flow field and reignition mechanism are important aspects governing the performance and range of base bleed projectiles (BBPs).Owing to a decrease in pressure and temperature when the BBP leaves the muzzle,rapid depressurization occurs,which extinguishes the base bleed propellant.The Mg/PTFE py-rotechnic composition pressed in the igniter of the base bleed unit (BBU) provides additional energy to the BBU via a chemical reaction.Thus,the extinguished base bleed propellant is reignited under the effect of high-temperature combustion gas jets from the igniter.In this study,a numerical analysis is conducted to evaluate the effects of PTFE and Mg granularity as well as Mg/PTFE pyrotechnic compo-sitions.Owing to the rapid depressurization,the temperature and pressure was found to decrease for different Mg/PTFE pyrotechnic compositions.However,the depressurization time increased as the PTFE granularity increased,the Mg granularity decreased,and the Mg content increased.When the pressure in the combustion chamber of the BBU decreased to the atmospheric pressure,the combustion gas jets from the igniter expand upstream (rather than downstream).However,these combustion gas jets exhibit different axial and radial expansion characteristics depending on the pyrotechnic compositions used.The results show that the reignition delay time,td,of the base bleed propellant was 377.608,94.27,387.243,523.966,and 221.094 ms for cases A-E,respectively.Therefore,it was concluded that the Mg/PTFE pyrotechnic composition of case B was the most beneficial for the reignition of the base bleed propellant,with the earliest addition of energy and mass to the BBP.     

Adaptive sliding mode control of modular self-reconfigurable spacecraft with time-delay estimation

The reconstruction control of modular self-reconfigurable spacecraft (MSRS) is addressed using an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) scheme based on time-delay estimation (TDE) technology. In contrast to the ground, the base of the MSRS is floating when assembled in orbit, resulting in a strong dynamic coupling effect. A TED-based ASMC technique with exponential reaching law is designed to achieve high-precision coordinated control between the spacecraft base and the robotic arm. TDE technology is used by the controller to compensate for coupling terms and uncertainties, while ASMC can augment and improve TDE’s robustness. To suppress TDE errors and eliminate chattering, a new adaptive law is created to modify gain parameters online, ensuring quick dynamic response and high tracking accuracy. The Lyapunov approach shows that the tracking errors are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB). Finally, the on-orbit assembly process of MSRS is simulated to validate the efficacy of the proposed control scheme. The simulation results show that the proposed control method can accurately complete the target module’s on-orbit assembly, with minimal perturbations to the spacecraft’s attitude. Meanwhile, it has a high level of robustness and can effectively eliminate chattering.     

早期可靠性数据的统计分析及其应用

在大型复杂产品研制过程中,通过原理样机的各类试验所获得的早期可靠性数据对产品早期可靠性的评估及可靠性设计具有重要意义。文中利用顺序约束模型研究了早期可靠性数据的处理方法,并将早期可靠性数据评估结果应用于可靠性增长计划的制定,从而有效减短了可靠性增长试验的时间。最后,给出了一个实际例子,以说明上述方法的应用。     

基于波束域MUSIC方法的高分辨方位估计

现代声纳系统普遍采用水听器基阵和一定的信号处理来提高对目标的检测和定位能力,而基阵的波束形成则在其中起着核心作用。文中研究了窄带波束域高分辨方位估计技术,分析了波束域MUSIC方位估计的构造过程和具体实现方法。仿真计算表明,基于波束域MUSIC的方位估计算法是一种分辨空间小角域内多个目标的有效方法。