Damage functions and estimates of fratricide and collateral damage

There are multiple damage functions in the literature to estimate the probability that a single weapon detonation destroys a point target. This paper addresses differences in the tails of four of the more popular damage functions. These four cover the asymptotic tail behaviors of all monotonically decreasing damage functions with well‐behaved hazard functions. The differences in estimates of probability of kill are quite dramatic for large aim‐point offsets. This is particularly important when balancing the number of threats that can be engaged with the chances of fratricide and collateral damage. In general, analysts substituting one damage function for another may badly estimate kill probabilities in offset‐aiming, which could result in poor doctrine. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 306–321, 2003.     

Adaptive random search for continuous simulation optimization

We present, analyze, and compare three random search methods for solving stochastic optimization problems with uncountable feasible regions. Our adaptive search with resampling (ASR) approach is a framework for designing provably convergent algorithms that are adaptive and may consequently involve local search. The deterministic and stochastic shrinking ball (DSB and SSB) approaches are also convergent, but they are based on pure random search with the only difference being the estimator of the optimal solution [the DSB method was originally proposed and analyzed by Baumert and Smith]. The three methods use different techniques to reduce the effects of noise in the estimated objective function values. Our ASR method achieves this goal through resampling of already sampled points, whereas the DSB and SSB approaches address it by averaging observations in balls that shrink with time. We present conditions under which the three methods are convergent, both in probability and almost surely, and provide a limited computational study aimed at comparing the methods. Although further investigation is needed, our numerical results suggest that the ASR approach is promising, especially for difficult problems where the probability of identifying good solutions using pure random search is small. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

A stochastic gradual cover location problem

Covering models assume that a point is covered if it is within a certain distance from a facility and not covered beyond that distance. In gradual cover models it is assumed that a point is fully covered within a given distance from a facility, then cover gradually declines, and the point is not covered beyond a larger distance. Gradual cover models address the discontinuity in cover which may not be the correct approach in many situations. In the stochastic gradual cover model presented in this article it is assumed that the short and long distances employed in gradual cover models are random variables. This refinement of gradual cover models provides yet a more realistic depiction of actual behavior in many situations. The maximal cover model based on the new concept is analyzed and the single facility location cover problem in the plane is solved. Computational results illustrating the effectiveness of the solution procedures are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

如何激发学生外语学习动机

学习动机是直接推动学生学习的内部动因,是影响学习效果的主要因素。学生只有了解外语学习动机的分类及其作用,才能确立正确的学习动机,才能有效地提高外语学习成绩。     

关于改进综合英语课程教学的思考

本文从英语专业的培养目标入手,分析了英语专业综合英语课程教学中存在的问题,通过对如何改进该课程教学的探讨,提出了在教学中重视培养学生的综合能力、学习策略及创新能力,英语专业人才培养才能更好地为社会需求服务。     

利用詹森不等式推广几个数学问题

詹森（Jensen）不等式是解决不等式问题的一个重要方法,也是发现数学问题的重要手段。运用詹森不等式的关键是通过观察所给代数式的函数特征,构造一个凹或凸的函数,以利解题。     

新疆喀什地区泽普县维族双语教师汉语水平调查研究

教师的水平制约着教育的发展,双语教师在双语教育中起着重要作用。本文对新疆喀什地区泽普县维族双语教师的汉语水平进行实地调研,找出他们汉语水平存在的问题,并针对问题提出建议。     

基于Rogowski线圈的传感头研究

分析了Rogowski线圈的工作原理,建立了Rogowski线圈的等效电路模型,推导了Rogowski线圈的传递函数;设计了一种新型的精密积分器,采用Protel仿真验证了精密积分器的优越性;对所研制的基于PCB的Rogowski线圈传感头进行了实验分析.实验结果表明,传感头测量准确度达到0.5级,工作状况稳定,完全满足设计要求.     

一种新的超分辨率图像重建算法

首先将低分辨率及相应高分辨率图像进行非下采样Contourlet变换得到细节图像对,然后通过多任务学习估计细节图像之间的映射参数对低分辨率图像进行重建.实验结果表明,该方法能够取得比传统线性插值、双三次方法更好的效果.     

离子束加工误差对散射损失的影响研究

离子束加工(Ion Beam Figuring,IBF)去除函数对加工残差具有重要的影响,而加工残差引起的表面散射则导致光学性能发生变化.为了减小加工残差对光学性能的影响,利用基于CCOS成形原理的离子束加工仿真程序对光学镜面进行修形,分析不同去除函数宽度对散射损失(Ratio of Scattering Loss,RSL)指标的影响.通过研究可知,随着去除函数宽度的减小,加工残差对散射损失的影响越来越小.因此,根据加工残差对RSL指标的影响程度以及RSL指标要求,可以合理选择去除函数宽度,从而在满足面形精度的同时,优化加工工艺.