效能指数的机载火控雷达研制费用估算模型

为提高机载电子设备研制、生产费用估算的精度,提高估算模型的应用范围和时间跨度,构建了基于效能指数的机载火控雷达研制费用估算模型。在分析机载电子设备研制费用建模特点的基础上,以军用飞机的机载火控雷达设备为研究对象,探讨了其效能指数的构建方法,建立了基于效能指数的研制费用参数模型,并进行实例分析。结果表明,由于效能指数考虑了众多费用驱动因素,该模型形式简明直观,相对误差较小,为研究机载电子设备的费用估算进行了有益的探索。     

改进的高脉冲重复频率雷达多假设距离估计方法

高脉冲重复频率雷达目标距离估计时面临距离模糊问题,因此必须采取一定方法解距离模糊。现有方法大都需要在每个驻留时间内至少两帧(包括两帧)检测到目标来实现目标距离估计,多假设方法虽然不要求在每个驻留时间内都需至少两帧检测到目标,但是当模糊区间发生变化时会出现目标距离估计错误。针对现有多假设方法的不足,提出改进的多假设方法,通过建立相关波门来判断目标所在的模糊区间是否改变并对目标状态作出修正,实现对模糊区间发生变化时目标距离的正确估计。仿真表明,方法可以不受模糊区间变化的影响,以较高精度实现目标距离估计。     

加权采样的序列蒙特卡罗滤波技术

在处理非线性滤波问题时,常用的几种通过模型近似或计算近似的滤波方法均在某种特定的情况下具有适用性.近年来随着计算机处理能力的快速发展,提出了序列蒙特卡罗滤波方法,因其在处理复杂的非线性和非高斯问题时表现出强大的潜力而引起广泛关注.详述了序列蒙特卡罗滤波算法的基本思想和原理,对其关键技术进行了归纳分析,并指出了该方法亟待解决的一些难点问题.     

基于正则化的多平台多传感器导航定位和探测偏差估计

针对影响舰载雷达探测误差主要为平台导航定位误差和传感器自身探测误差,对这两类误差的影响因素进行了分析,首次综合考虑这两种系统误差,提出了一种基于正则化的多平台导航定位及探测偏差估计方法,利用不同舰艇上传感器对公共目标探测的迭合条件,建立系统误差观测方程,利用LS对两种系统误差同时进行了估计,并在偏差估计中采用正则化估计方法,提高估计结果的稳定性,最后进行了仿真验证,仿真效果验证了算法的有效性,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

Signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio estimation for wireless communication systems: Methods and analysis

The Signal‐to‐Interference‐plus‐Noise Ratio (SINR) is an important metric of wireless communication link quality. SINR estimates have several important applications. These include optimizing the transmit power level for a target quality of service, assisting with handoff decisions and dynamically adapting the data rate for wireless Internet applications. Accurate SINR estimation provides for both a more efficient system and a higher user‐perceived quality of service. In this paper, we develop new SINR estimators and compare their mean squared error (MSE) performance. We show that our new estimators dominate estimators that have previously appeared in the literature with respect to MSE. The sequence of transmitted bits in wireless communication systems consists of both pilot bits (which are known both to the transmitter and receiver) and user bits (which are known only by the transmitter). The SINR estimators we consider alternatively depend exclusively on pilot bits, exclusively on user bits, or simultaneously use both pilot and user bits. In addition, we consider estimators that utilize smoothing and feedback mechanisms. Smoothed estimators are motivated by the fact that the interference component of the SINR changes relatively slowly with time, typically with the addition or departure of a user to the system. Feedback estimators are motivated by the fact that receivers typically decode bits correctly with a very high probability, and therefore user bits can be thought of as quasipilot bits. For each estimator discussed, we derive an exact or approximate formula for its MSE. Satterthwaite approximations, noncentral F distributions (singly and doubly) and distribution theory of quadratic forms are the key statistical tools used in developing the MSE formulas. In the case of approximate MSE formulas, we validate their accuracy using simulation techniques. The approximate MSE formulas, of interest in their own right for comparing the quality of the estimators, are also used for optimally combining estimators. In particular, we derive optimal weights for linearly combining an estimator based on pilot bits with an estimator based on user bits. The optimal weights depend on the MSE of the two estimators being combined, and thus the accurate approximate MSE formulas can conveniently be used. The optimal weights also depend on the unknown SINR, and therefore need to be estimated in order to construct a useable combined estimator. The impact on the MSE of the combined estimator due to estimating the weights is examined. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

基于方位和线谱频移的TMA方法

采用纯方位跟踪(BOT)技术确定运动声源的位置及速度时,需要自身至少机动一次,这给观测带来了一定的限制。而处于舰船噪声低频区的线谱具有很高的强度和稳定度,这一事实为估计目标运动要素提供了新的思路。综合考虑了目标方位和线谱多普勒频移信息,给出了形式简洁,易于实现的滤波公式,消除了机动限制。计算机模拟及海上试验数据表明该方法能够得到稳定有效的解。     

虚拟电流注入法在线补偿转子位置估算误差

旋转高频注入法能估计永磁同步电机零速和低速时的转子位置,但在转子磁极位置解调过程中滤波器的使用会带来较大估算误差。提出虚拟电流注入法来在线补偿转子位置误差,基于估算的转速,构造与负序响应电流同频率的虚拟电流,经过与负序电流完全相同的解调,得到的虚拟电流相位与解调前相位的差值补偿估算的转子位置。分析比较了注入旋转电压导致的实际转速波动和正序响应电流引起的估算转速波动对误差补偿效果的影响,并利用低通滤波器来改善补偿效果。仿真和实验验证了所提方法在电机处于不同状态时对转子位置误差补偿的效果。     

Cooperative interception with fast multiple model adaptive estimation

For the case that two pursuers intercept an evasive target, the cooperative strategies and state estimation methods taken by pursuers can seriously affect the guidance accuracy for the target, which performs a bang For the case that two pursuers intercept an evasive target, the cooperative strategies and state estimation methods taken by pursuers can seriously affect the guidance accuracy for the target, which performs a bang-bang evasive maneuver with a random switching time. Combined Fast multiple model adaptive estimation (Fast MMAE) algorithm, the cooperative guidance law takes detection configuration affecting the accuracy of interception into consideration. Introduced the detection error model related to the line-of-sight (LOS) separation angle of two interceptors, an optimal cooperative guidance law solving the optimization problem is designed to modulate the LOS separation angle to reduce the estimation error and improve the interception performance. Due to the uncertainty of the target bang-bang maneuver switching time and the effective fitting of its multi-modal motion, Fast MMAE is introduced to identify its maneuver switching time and estimate the acceleration of the target to track and intercept the target accurately. The designed cooperative optimal guidance law with Fast MMAE has better estimation ability and interception performance than the traditional guidance law and estimation method via Monte Carlo simulation.     

基于自适应Kalman滤波算法的航空发动机可测参数及其偏离量估计

针对采用估计可测参数偏离量建立航空发动机机载自适应模型的方案中,可测参数偏离量估计的问题,引入了CA(Constant Acceleration)模型,建立了简化的可测参数状态方程和测量方程,采用自适应Kalman滤波算法直接估计可测参数,由估计出的可测参数与发动机非线性模型计算的额定值之差,获得可测参数偏离量.为解决因简化的状态模型系统误差较大,采用标准Kalman滤波会出现估计严重偏离真值的问题,分析了标准Kalman滤波准则和状态模型误差对滤波结果的影响,采用动态调整状态预报在滤波估计结果中权重的策略,给出了单因子自适应Kalman滤波算法准则及递推公式,使滤波估计准确.对不同的可测参数分别采取序列滤波的方法,减少了运算量.以仿真产生的发动机测量数据为例,对系统模型和所设计的算法进行验证,计算结果表明,所设计的滤波算法具有很快的收敛速度和计算速度,结果优于标准Kalman滤波算法,具有更好的估计精度和一定的工程应用价值.     

基于匹配处理的纯方位目标运动分析方法

以被动声纳观测的目标方位信息为基础,将匹配处理技术用到目标运动参数纯方位估计中,建立了进行纯方位目标运动分析的匹配处理模型,给出相关的优化处理算法,并通过仿真计算验证了模型的有效性。仿真结果表明该算法在目标运动参数的收敛时间和距离等指标上有较明显改善。