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341.
Non‐zero‐sum nonlinear network path interdiction with an application to inspection in terror networks 下载免费PDF全文
Noam Goldberg 《海军后勤学研究》2017,64(2):139-153
A simultaneous non‐zero‐sum game is modeled to extend the classical network interdiction problem. In this model, an interdictor (e.g., an enforcement agent) decides how much of an inspection resource to spend along each arc in the network to capture a smuggler. The smuggler (randomly) selects a commodity to smuggle—a source and destination pair of nodes, and also a corresponding path for traveling between the given pair of nodes. This model is motivated by a terrorist organization that can mobilize its human, financial, or weapon resources to carry out an attack at one of several potential target destinations. The probability of evading each of the network arcs nonlinearly decreases in the amount of resource that the interdictor spends on its inspection. We show that under reasonable assumptions with respect to the evasion probability functions, (approximate) Nash equilibria of this game can be determined in polynomial time; depending on whether the evasion functions are exponential or general logarithmically‐convex functions, exact Nash equilibria or approximate Nash equilibria, respectively, are computed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 139–153, 2017 相似文献
342.
We consider a problem of optimal division of stock between a logistic depot and several geographically dispersed bases, in a two‐echelon supply chain. The objective is to minimize the total cost of inventory shipment, taking into account direct shipments between the depot and the bases, and lateral transshipments between bases. We prove the convexity of the objective function and suggest a procedure for identifying the optimal solution. Small‐dimensional cases, as well as a limit case in which the number of bases tends to infinity, are solved analytically for arbitrary distributions of demand. For a general case, an approximation is suggested. We show that, in many practical cases, partial pooling is the best strategy, and large proportions of the inventory should be kept at the bases rather than at the depot. The analytical and numerical examples show that complete pooling is obtained only as a limit case in which the transshipment cost tends to infinity. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 64: 3–18, 2017 相似文献
343.
Observational data are prevalent in many fields of research, and it is desirable to use this data to make causal inferences. Because this data is nonrandom, additional assumptions are needed in order to construct unbiased estimators for causal effects. The standard assumption is strong ignorability, though it is often impossible to achieve the level of covariate balance that it requires. As such, researchers often settle for lesser balance levels within their datasets. However, these balance levels are generally insufficient to guarantee an unbiased estimate of the treatment effect without further assumptions. This article presents several extensions to the strong ignorability assumption that address this issue. Under these additional assumptions, specific levels of covariate balance are both necessary and sufficient for the treatment effect estimate to be unbiased. There is a trade‐off, however: as balance decreases, stronger assumptions are required to guarantee estimator unbiasedness. These results unify parametric and nonparametric adjustment methods for causal inference and are actualized by the Balance Optimization Subset Selection framework, which identifies the best level of balance that can be achieved within a dataset. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 323–344, 2017 相似文献
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顶置武器站具有系统组成类型复杂、子系统间存在耦合作用的特点,导致多学科协同仿真的优化模型难以建立。通过Adams、Simulink分别建立了顶置武器站机械系统及控制系统模型,并在多学科优化设计平台Model Center中对该机电联合仿真模型进行系统集成;在此基础上,以顶置武器站稳定精度为目标函数,采用一阶差分模型对炮控系统比例系数及积分系数进行了灵敏度分析,并采用设计探索优化器对该参数进行了优化设计。仿真结果表明,所建立的顶置武器站稳定精度多学科协同优化模型设计周期短、计算效率高,为下一步进行顶置武器站多工况、多结构参数的优化设计提供技术支撑。 相似文献
347.
现代科学技术的广泛军事应用,一方面引起了作战方式方法和手段的深刻变化,另一方面则对军人素质和军事教育训练提出了新的更高要求。我们必须着眼习主席提出的"能打仗、打胜仗"强军目标,尽快实现"三个转变",即士兵要由"娇弱型"向"强悍型"转变,军官要由"管理型"向"指挥型"转变,部队要由"生活型"向"打仗型"转变。 相似文献
348.
遗传算法及其在导弹火力分配上的应用 总被引:18,自引:3,他引:15
遗传算法是一种近年来新发展起来的优化算法,目前它已被广泛应用于解决许多实际问题,如函数优化、图像识别、机器学习、人工神经网络、人工生命、优化调度等许多领域。通过对一种遗传算法的研究,阐述其在导弹武器火力分配上的应用。首先设计和实现了一种遗传算法;然后描述了导弹火力分配优化问题,建立了其数学模型;最后运用遗传算法求解了该问题。 相似文献
349.
A mathematical model of portfolio optimization is usually represented as a bicriteria optimization problem where a reasonable tradeoff between expected rate of return and risk is sought. In a classical Markowitz model, the risk is measured by a variance, thus resulting in a quadratic programming model. As an alternative, the MAD model was developed by Konno and Yamazaki, where risk is measured by (mean) absolute deviation instead of a variance. The MAD model is computationally attractive, since it is easily transformed into a linear programming problem. An extension to the MAD model proposed in this paper allows us to measure risk using downside deviations, with the ability to penalize larger downside deviations. Hence, it provides for better modeling of risk averse preferences. The resulting m‐MAD model generates efficient solutions with respect to second degree stochastic dominance, while at the same time preserving the simplicity and linearity of the original MAD model. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 185–200, 2001 相似文献
350.
李盛业 《兵团教育学院学报》2001,11(1):29-33
进学生头脑”是在高等学校全面实现邓小平理论“三进”目标的关键。在深入调查研究基础上 ,找准联系实际改进邓小平理论教学的切入点 ;采用专题教学方式 ;改变被动的学习方式 ;改革重理论轻实践的考核方式 ,促进邓小平理论进学生头脑目标的全面实现。并在上述过程中 ,注意遵循有利于唤起学生学习兴趣 ,有利于发挥学生学习的主体作用 ,就事论理 ,深化认识 ,不割断历史及实事求是 ,科学严肃的原则 相似文献