On the optimal detection of an underwater intruder in a channel using unmanned underwater vehicles

Given a number of patrollers that are required to detect an intruder in a channel, the channel patrol problem consists of determining the periodic trajectories that the patrollers must trace out so as to maximized the probability of detection of the intruder. We formulate this problem as an optimal control problem. We assume that the patrollers' sensors are imperfect and that their motions are subject to turn‐rate constraints, and that the intruder travels straight down a channel with constant speed. Using discretization of time and space, we approximate the optimal control problem with a large‐scale nonlinear programming problem which we solve to obtain an approximately stationary solution and a corresponding optimized trajectory for each patroller. In numerical tests for one, two, and three underwater patrollers, an underwater intruder, different trajectory constraints, several intruder speeds and other specific parameter choices, we obtain new insight—not easily obtained using simply geometric calculations—into efficient patrol trajectory design under certain conditions for multiple patrollers in a narrow channel where interaction between the patrollers is unavoidable due to their limited turn rate.© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

决策树知识表示的多故障源搜索算法研究

在深入研究产生式规则知识表示的基础上,运用决策树知识表示方法,完成故障诊断专家系统的知识库设计,对传统的单故障源决策树搜索算法进行了改进,解决了相同故障现象的多故障源连续搜索和定位问题,提高了推理机单次故障诊断的定位率和搜索效率,缩短了故障诊断专家系统的诊断时间。     

函数生成器的优化设计

本文介绍了一种优化的多变量函数产生器的设计思想,详尽论述了多变量函数快速插值算法、消除冗余断点搜索的思想以及搜索次数为１的断点搜索策略。实用表明,该产生器高效可行,比一般的多变量函数产生器减少计算量一半左右,有效地缩短了仿真问题的求解时间。     

A metaheuristic scheduling procedure for resource-constrained projects with cash flows

Resource-constrained project scheduling problems with cash flows (RCPSPCF) are complex, combinatorial optimization problems. Many heuristics have been reported in the literature that produce reasonable schedules in limited project environments. However, the lack of a heuristic that dominates under differing project conditions can lead to a suboptimal choice of an appropriate heuristic for scheduling any given project. This may result in poor schedules and monetary losses. This paper reports on the application of the tabu search metaheuristic procedure for the RCPSPCF. Strategies for neighborhood generation and candidate selection that exploit the special features of the problem are combined with a simple multiheuristic start procedure. Extensive experimentation, with multiple data sets and comparison with an upper bound, indicates a significant improvement, both in project Net Present Value (NPV) as well as the number of projects, where the metaheuristic outperforms the best known heuristics in the literature. More specifically, this procedure produces the best schedules in over 85% of the projects tested, in contrast to the best single-pass heuristics which have been shown to dominate in at most 20% of the same cases. This iterative, general purpose heuristic is able to adapt significantly better to the complex interactions of the many critical parameters of the RCPSPCF than single-pass heuristics that use more specific information about each project environment. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 912–927, 1999     

Locating a target from directional data

Statistical estimation plays an important role in locating a target in space, a task that has important applications in many areas. However, theoretical measures on the quality of various estimators reported in the literature have been difficult to obtain because of mathematical complications. As a result, choice of estimator in practice has been largely arbitrary. In this paper, we present a systematic study on major target estimators reported in the literature. Focus is on comparisons between the traditional angle method, the line method, and a recently developed line-to-point transformation method. Insights gained from the study directly lead to the development of a novel two-stage angle method that not only produces highly accurate target estimation among all known estimators but is also computationally efficient. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 353–364, 1998     

Note: Two rendezvous search problems on the line

A new upper bound is obtained for the two‐person symmetric rendezvous value on the real line when the distribution function of their initial distance apart is bounded. A second result shows that if three players are placed randomly on adjacent integers on the real line facing in random directions and able to move at a speed of at most 1, then they can ensure a three‐way meeting time of at most 7/2; the fact that 7/2 is a best possible result follows from work already in the literature. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 335–340, 1999     

不确定环境下无人机区域目标搜索及载荷参数影响

针对不确定环境下无人机区域搜索问题,建立了实时探测更新的搜索方法,提出了机载光电载荷参数优化配置策略。建立了基于二维离散网格的无人机区域搜索模型,采用概率地图描述目标信息的实时获取与更新;引入不确定度指标、目标网格的重访和网格探测次数控制,建立搜索目标函数;建立了基于粒子群算法的搜索路径滚动优化方法;通过对任务区域平均探测时间步数和误判概率的估计分析,建立了机载光电载荷参数优化配置策略。使用蒙特卡洛方法验证了区域搜索方法的有效性和光电载荷参数配置对搜索效率、误判概率的影响。     

A componentwise index of service measurement in multi‐component systems

In this paper we present a componentwise delay measure for estimating and improving the expected delays experienced by customers in a multi‐component inventory/assembly system. We show that this measure is easily computed. Further, in an environment where the performance of each of the item delays could be improved with investment, we present a solution that aims to minimize this measure and, in effect, minimizes the average waiting time experienced by customers. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 2003     

基于约束条件的海上机动目标位置长期预测模型

海上目标运动模型已经有很多,但是对海上机动目标位置的长期预测问题还没有得到很好的解决。灰色系统理论是解决时间序列问题的有效工具,将其与海上机动目标的运动特点相结合,可以较准确地预测海上机动目标在未来较长时期内的位置分布,为引导卫星搜索海上机动目标提供理论依据。     

自适应两步滤波算法在机载IRSTS被动定位中的应用

在机载红外搜索跟踪系统被动定位研究中,针对扩展卡尔曼滤波算法要求先验的噪声统计及存在系统观测模型线性化误差影响滤波精度的特点,利用两步滤波算法并结合Sage-Husa噪声估计器构建了适用于机载IRSTS被动定位特点的自适应两步滤波算法模型,算法不仅实时在线地估计了观测噪声的统计特性,而且避免了观测模型线性化误差.仿真结果表明,在完全相同的初始条件下,自适应两步滤波算法对目标运动参数的估计结果明显优于扩展卡尔曼滤波,从而提高了机载IRSTS被动定位的精度.