石墨烯电声换能器的设计与对比

为了使石墨烯电声换能器获得最优性能,主要针对石墨烯热致发声器件和静电式发声器件进行了发声机理研究,通过理论建模和分析,得到了薄膜尺寸、厚度以及应力等结构参数对两种电声换能器的频率响应特性的影响规律。通过微纳加工制造方法设计和制备了一批不同结构参数下的电声换能器,并对这些器件进行了性能测试和对比分析,结果表明：薄膜厚度对热致电声换能器发声声压影响显著,即薄膜越薄,该电声换能器的发声声压越大;薄膜半径、厚度和应力对静电式电声换能器的频带影响较大,即薄膜半径越大,厚度越薄,应力越小,该电声换能器频带越宽。以上研究为优化选取石墨烯电声换能器的类型,优化设计结构参数,提升器件发声性能奠定了基础。     

考虑多轴应力与共振影响的随机振动疲劳寿命预测

目前工程上计算结构随机疲劳寿命时,仍经常采用基于单轴拉-压疲劳寿命(Stress-Number of cycles,S-N)曲线的应力寿命方法.虽然使用简单方便,但这种方法不仅忽视了单轴S-N曲线且不能准确反映结构在多轴应力状态下的疲劳,还忽略了随机振动中共振对结构疲劳寿命的影响,因此该方法在预测结构在随机振动下的疲劳...     

On Growing Operating Costs in the Armed Forces

Operating costs per unit of input or output are often claimed to grow faster in defence than elsewhere in the economy. In this paper, we outline several possible reasons as to why operating costs increase at higher rates in defence, including differences in the input factor mix and productivity growth, the technological complexity required to maintain the relative effect of weapon systems and a gradual reduction in the number of units and activity. We investigate whether operating costs grow at a faster rate than elsewhere in the economy, by estimating growth in real output unit costs in the Norwegian Armed Forces for the period 1994–2013, using activity as a measure of output. We find no increase beyond general inflation in structural (fixed) costs, whereas activity-based (variable) costs per unit of activity increase significantly.     

新疆赛里木湖高体雅罗鱼生物学研究

对新疆赛里木湖高体雅罗鱼年龄、生长、繁殖等生物学特性进行了研究,通过研究,为进一步开发和利用高体雅罗鱼提供了理论依据。     

利用曲线拟合方法分析暂态振荡信号

提出了一种利用曲线拟含定量分析暂态振荡信号的方法.该方法给出的暂态振荡信号模型能够反映振荡的幅度和频率随时间变化的规律.提出了利用曲线拟合方法确定该摸型的具体参数的步骤:首先利用三次样条插值求出信号的上包络曲线,对其采用指数衰减信号模型来进行拟合以描述信号振荡幅度的变化参数;然后得到信号频率变化部分的正弦形式,利用 Hilbert 变换提取出正弦部分的相位,并采用幂指数信号模型进行拟合以描述信号振荡频率的变化参数.与以往分析暂态振荡信号的方法相比,该方法可对信号进行定量分析.仿真和试验结果表明,采用曲线拟合方法确定模型参数,实现过程简单,均方根误差小;对实际信号的分析则表明所提出的模型能够真实地反映出实际暂态振荡信号的变化规律.     

Military expenditures,economic growth and spatial spillovers

The relationship between economic growth and military expenditure has been the subject of a large literature in defence economics. This study analyses the influence of military expenditures on economic growth in a global perspective for the time period 2000–2010 taking spatial dimension into account. The augmented Solow model is employed to investigate the defence-growth nexus using the cross-sectional data relating to 128 countries. Following a traditional regression analysis, spatial variations in the relationships are examined utilizing different spatial econometric specifications estimated by maximum likelihood. The regressions are compared with each other via likelihood ratio tests, and the spatial Durbin model is found to be the most appropriate one suggesting that the typical least-squares model is misspecified. Empirical evidence indicates that military expenditure has a positive effect on economic growth with a significant spatial dependence for the time period under consideration.     

Military spending and growth: a small open economy stochastic growth model

The paper analyzes the effects of military spending on economic growth in a small open stochastic endogenous growth model involving the supply-side and demand-side effects produced by military spending. We show that a rise in the military spending affects economic growth through four channels, including the crowding-out effect, the spin-off effect, the resource mobilization effect, and the portfolio effect. The net effect which depends on these four channels is ambiguous. Hence, we demonstrate that there exists an optimal defense burden that maximizes the economic growth rate.     

An optimal structured policy for maintenance of partially observable aircraft engine components

This paper considers the maintenance of aircraft engine components that are subject to stress. We model the deterioration process by means of the cumulative jump process representation of crack growth. However, because in many cases cracks are not easily observable, maintenance decisions must be made on the basis of other information. We incorporate stress information collected via sensors into the scheduling decision process by means of a partially observable Markov decision process model. Using this model, we demonstrate the optimality of structured maintenance policies, which support practical maintenance schedules. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 335–352, 1998     

磁力仪三轴非正交的转动补偿方法

为解决磁力仪三轴非正交的问题,建立了三轴磁力仪误差补偿模型,提出了基于旋转数据正弦曲线拟合的方法,对三轴磁力仪的非正交性进行标定。利用正弦曲线的初始相位角求解标定参数,实现了对三轴磁力仪的非正交标定及输出补偿。结果表明:该方法对磁力仪非正交参数的求解精度高,标定后的磁力仪的磁测准确性改善明显;该方法不需要利用高精度光泵磁强计测量磁场的强度,为三轴磁力仪的非正交参数标定提供了一个新的有效的途径。     

Does military spending stimulate growth? An empirical investigation in Italy

This paper investigates the effect of military burden on economic growth and extends previous works on the optimal size of government expenditure by exploring how external threat affects the preferences of the households and, in turn, economic growth. Post World War II Italian data are used to estimate nonlinear growth models using time-series semi-parametric methods. The estimates show that total government and civilian burdens are productive, whereas, military burden has significant effects on economic growth through the expenditure for peacekeeping missions, which reduces the insecurity in the home country. This may justify economically the current not negligible budget devoted to peacekeeping and humanitarian missions.