一种新的复合导引头多源异步信息融合精确拦截算法

针对单一制导体制难以满足现代战场作战需求,而多传感器数据更新率不同步的问题,建立一种新的微惯导/毫米波/红外复合制导体制,研究了该体制下多传感器异步信息融合的时间同步和空间配准问题;提出一种自适应Unscented卡尔曼滤波算法,该算法采用预测残差构造状态模型误差统计量,通过自适应因子调整状态模型信息对状态参数估值的贡献,有效控制状态模型噪声异常对状态参数估值的影响。将提出的算法应用到微惯导/毫米波/红外复合制导系统中进行仿真验证,结果表明,提出的自适应Unscented卡尔曼滤波算法的解算精度高于标准扩展卡尔曼滤波和Unscented卡尔曼滤波算法,能有效提高导弹的制导的解算精度。     

多约束下的高超声速飞行器三维非线性自适应末制导律

面向多约束下高超声速飞行器末制导过程中的通道耦合、参数扰动、模型失配等突出问题,设计一种适于高超声速飞行器的三维非线性自适应末制导律。为了模型描述的完整性和简洁性,引入视线旋量和旋量速度的概念,并基于此建立三维制导参考模型和实际系统的表达式;为了保证制导律的鲁棒性和自适应性,基于自适应控制理论,设计一种三维非线性自适应制导律;通过数学推导证明了该制导律的稳定性。该制导律能够从理论上克服高超声速飞行器末制导面临的通道耦合、参数扰动、模型失配等突出问题,满足多约束制导要求。仿真结果验证了所设计制导律的有效性。     

复合导引头多源异步信息融合精确拦截算法

针对单一制导体制难以满足现代战场作战需求且多传感器数据更新率不同步的问题,建立一种新的微惯导/毫米波/红外复合制导体制,研究了该体制下多传感器异步信息融合的时间同步和空间配准问题;提出一种自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波算法,该算法采用预测残差构造状态模型误差统计量,通过自适应因子调整状态模型信息对状态参数估值的贡献,有效控制状态模型噪声异常对状态参数估值的影响。将提出的算法应用到微惯导/毫米波/红外复合制导系统中进行仿真验证,结果表明,提出的自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波算法的解算精度高于标准扩展卡尔曼滤波和无迹卡尔曼滤波算法,能有效提高导弹的制导的解算精度。     

临空高超声速飞行器地基拦截引导需求分析

NSHV具有速度快、隐身性好、突防能力强等特点,对传统防空反导体系提出了巨大挑战,对国家安全构成了重大威胁。针对此类目标拦截引导难度大的特点,分析了地基雷达在地球曲率影响下引导能力的局限性;具体讨论了武器系统对NSHV的拦截引导需求,分析了地基雷达引导能力与需求的矛盾关系;基于上述分析,给出了天基、临空基、空基和地基探测平台协同引导的解决方案,并结合实例对协同引导的过程和能力进行了分析。此研究对于未来应对NSHV的威胁具有一定的理论指导意义。     

基于非线性最优反馈控制的远程拦截闭环制导

利用非线性最优反馈控制和伪谱轨迹快速重构技术,设计了一种有限推力空间远程拦截自适应闭环制导方法。首先建立了有限推力远程拦截最优制导问题模型,并给出了适用于该问题的非线性最优反馈控制求解原理。然后,将空间变轨动力学模型特点和伪谱法相结合,设计了基于状态量缩减的计算效率改进策略以提高轨迹优化的实时性。基于改进伪谱法进行连续轨迹快速重构,利用开环最优解形成闭环反馈,从而保证制导指令的实时更新,并通过引入控制逻辑对制导算法进行改进。时间最短远程拦截仿真表明,该闭环制导方法在保证任务指标最优性的同时,可以有效抑制J2摄动和计算误差的影响,具有较高的制导精度、自适应性和鲁棒性。     

将“翻转课堂”应用于高校大学生就业创业指导课程的思考

大学生就业创业指导课程是在就业压力不断加大的形势下产生的一门应用学科。本文通过分析发现将翻转课堂应用于就业创业指导课程,可以有效提升就业创业指导课程的教学效果：可以有效改善目前就业创业指导课程注重理论讲解,缺乏实践指导的现状;拓展教学资源,创新教学设计,提升教学质量;能够激发学生学习兴趣。     

The Serbian defence institution: the need for clear policy guidance to improve the Serbian defence planning,management, and command processes

ABSTRACT

The uncritical layering of western liberal defence governance norms and concepts on top of existing legacy concepts has impeded achieving coherent military capabilities and capacities when Serbia’s political and military leadership tried to reform the defence system using Western benchmarking principles and Western countries’ best practices. The process of this change has been more valuable than its actual output, as defined by increased capabilities. Such outcomes should be reflective of policy guidance, and can be thought of as closing the trinity loop of a defence planning system: plans, money and execution. This article addresses two key functional areas of the Serbian defence institution. First, it assesses the current state of defence planning to discern its strengths and weaknesses to ascertain if plans are tied to financial decision-making. Second, a full examination of current Serbian defence management is conducted to discern whether weaknesses exist that distract from producing operational capabilities. Both areas are analyzed thoroughly and some solutions for change are proposed. Also, the article analyzes the appearance of two negative phenomena in the planning process – economization and managerialism.     

时间延迟对电视末制导系统稳定性的影响

为了分析时间延迟对捕控指令电视末制导系统稳定性的影响,建立了武器操作员的人工操控响应模型和数据传输模型,并纳入到导弹控制系统中建立了人在回路的捕控指令末制导模型.在分析武器操作员在捕控指令末制导阶段操作的基础上,进行了人在回路的全数字仿真,根据仿真结果分析了时间延迟对电视末制导系统稳定性的影响.     

可实现以期望角度过顶迂回打击的制导律设计

在已有的小型导弹角度约束制导律设计中,对敌方目标打击角度约束范围往往有限.为了扩大角度约束的可行范围,实现对目标的全方位打击,基于双圆弧原理设计了可实现过顶迂回打击的制导律.首先,建立了导弹的末制导段相对运动模型,然后对双圆弧曲线拟合的原理进行了介绍和推导证明,对于两段圆弧的关键参数进行了推导,最后基于该原理设计了一种...     

Integrated guidance and control of guided projectile with multiple constraints based on fuzzy adaptive and dynamic surface

Based on fuzzy adaptive and dynamic surface (FADS), an integrated guidance and control (IGC) approach was proposed for large caliber naval gun guided projectile, which was robust to target maneuver, canard dynamic characteristics, and multiple constraints, such as impact angle, limited measurement of line of sight (LOS) angle rate and nonlinear saturation of canard deflection. Initially, a strict feedback cascade model of IGC in longitudinal plane was established, and extended state observer (ESO) was designed to estimate LOS angle rate and uncertain disturbances with unknown boundary inside and outside of system, including aerodynamic parameters perturbation, target maneuver and model errors. Secondly, aiming at zeroing LOS angle tracking error and LOS angle rate in finite time, a nonsingular terminal sliding mode (NTSM) was designed with adaptive exponential reaching law. Furthermore, combining with dynamic surface, which prevented the complex differential of virtual control laws, the fuzzy adaptive systems were designed to approximate observation errors of uncertain disturbances and to reduce chatter of control law. Finally, the adaptive Nussbaum gain function was introduced to compensate nonlinear saturation of canard deflection. The LOS angle tracking error and LOS angle rate were convergent in finite time and whole system states were uniform ultimately bounded, rigorously proven by Lyapunov stability theory. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) and digital simulation experiments both showed FADS provided guided projectile with good guidance performance while striking targets with different maneuvering forms.