城市道路交叉口人行环境设计分析——以重庆市大坪、石桥铺路段为例

以人为本是建筑设计的基本原则,是建筑设计的根本价值取向和终极目标。建筑师应将其落实到建筑设计的细节中。随着城市化进程的加快,城市道路交叉口过街环境越来越多样化、立体化。实地考察了重庆市大坪到石桥铺路段过街环境,在对其形态、人流、车流、人的行为方式等诸多要素进行分析的基础上,结合街道两侧建筑环境现状,探讨环境与人的行为之间的深层次关系,揭示了人的行为心理、行为特征和行为目的是城市道路交叉口过街环境设施设计中应考虑的主要因素。结合实例强调,设计师应特别关注因街道两侧建筑环境业已形成的人的习惯性过街行为,它也是影响城市道路交叉口人行环境设计的重要因素。     

基于个体行为差异的CGF岗位模型

当前,对作战仿真在广度和深度上提出了更高层次的需求,即在扩大仿真规模的同时,更加注重仿真精度的提高。通过分析传统平台级CGF（Computer Generated Forces）模型在满足仿真需求方面的不足,建立了基于战斗岗位的武器平台CGF模型结构,研究了作战过程中影响战斗人员决策与操作行为的主要行为因素及其影响机制,并将其引入到岗位模型。最后,实现了考虑个体行为因素的坦克CGF炮长岗位模型,并对所建立的坦克炮长岗位模型在某作战仿真系统中的应用效果进行了分析。     

从行为思维到知性思维：草原核心文化的思维图式

从逻辑运思来看,草原核心文化演绎著从行为思维到概念思维再到知性思维的历史图景。也正是在这个思维的自我否定的历史进程中,草原核心文化明证了其“是其所是”、“是其然是”和“是其应是”的内在机理,获得了原初性、革新性和旗帜性的生活表征。     

装甲兵作战多智能体建模技术及其应用

利用作战领域启发知识,综合传统建模技术和智能体优点,首先按照分层结构化组合思想建立了装甲兵兵力智能体模型,并基于层次任务网的决策规划机制和基于军事命令控制结构构建了多智能体模型,然后采用VRMS平台开发了装甲兵作战多智能体应用验证演示系统,最后结合实例探索了多智能体系统在模拟训练、作战实验、辅助决策等领域的仿真应用,其研究有效地提高了装甲兵作战行为仿真的智能性、自主性和逼真性。     

Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with CuO nanoparticles

Ammonium perchlorate (APC) is the most common oxidizer in use for solid rocket propulsion systems. However its initial thermal decomposition is an endothermic process that requires 102.5 J·g⁻¹. This manner involves high activation energy and could render high burning rate regime. This study reports on the sustainable fabrication of CuO nanoparticles as a novel catalyzing agent for APC oxidizer. Colloidal CuO nanoparticles with consistent product quality were fabricated by using hydrothermal processing. TEM micrographs demonstrated mono-dispersed particles of 15 nm particle size. XRD diffractogram demonstrated highly crystalline material. The synthesized colloidal CuO particles were effectively coated with APC particles via co-precipitation by using fast-crash solvent–antisolvent technique. The impact of copper oxide particles on APC thermal behavior has been investigated using DSC and TGA techniques. APC demonstrated an initial endothermic decomposition stage at 242 °C with subsequent two exothermic decomposition stages at 297.8 °C and 452.8 °C respectively. At 1 wt%, copper oxide offered decrease in initial endothermic decomposition stage by 30%. The main outcome of this study is that the two main exothermic decomposition peaks were merged into one single peak with an increase in total heat release by 53%. These novel features can inherit copper oxide particles unique catalyzing ability for advanced highly energetic systems.     

防空监视网络传感器的协作管理

针对防空监视网络的传感器管理问题,讨论了基于多Agent技术的协作管理策略。通过对防空监视网络传感器协作行为的分析,建立了传感器的协作行为模型。结合防空监视传感器的功能,设计了传感器Agent的结构模型。依据防空监视网络传感器的使命要求和完成任务能力,提出了防空监视网络传感器Agent的协商处理策略。     

Selling to strategic and loss‐averse consumers: Stocking,procurement, and product design policies

Motivated by the presence of loss‐averse decision making behavior in practice, this article considers a supply chain consisting of a firm and strategic consumers who possess an S‐shaped loss‐averse utility function. In the model, consumers decide the purchase timing and the firm chooses the inventory level. We find that the loss‐averse consumers' strategic purchasing behavior is determined by their perceived gain and loss from strategic purchase delay, and the given rationing risk. Thus, the firm that is cognizant of this property tailors its inventory stocking policy based on the consumers' loss‐averse behavior such as their perceived values of gain and loss, and their sensitivity to them. We also demonstrate that the firm's equilibrium inventory stocking policy reflects both the economic logic of the traditional newsvendor inventory model, and the loss‐averse behavior of consumers. The equilibrium order quantity is significantly different from those derived from models that assume that the consumers are risk neutral and homogeneous in their valuations. We show that the firm that ignores strategic consumer's loss‐aversion behavior tends to keep an unnecessarily high inventory level that leads to excessive leftovers. Our numerical experiments further reveal that in some extreme cases the firm that ignores strategic consumer's loss‐aversion behavior generates almost 92% more leftovers than the firm that possesses consumers’ loss‐aversion information and takes it into account when making managerial decisions. To mitigate the consumer's forward‐looking behavior, we propose the adoption of the practice of agile supply chain management, which possesses the following attributes: (i) procuring inventory after observing real‐time demand information, (ii) enhanced design (which maintains the current production mix but improves the product performance to a higher level), and (iii) customized design (which maintains the current performance level but increases the variety of the current production line to meet consumers’ specific demands). We show that such a practice can induce the consumer to make early purchases by increasing their rationing risk, increasing the product value, or diversifying the product line. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 435–453, 2015     

全CFRP筋混凝土柱低周反复荷载试验研究

考虑轴压比、剪跨比和配箍形式的影响,对6根全CFRP筋混凝土柱进行低周反复荷载试验,通过分析滞回曲线、骨架曲线、位移延性系数和耗能能力等特征,研究CFRP筋混凝土柱的抗震性能。试验结果表明:CFRP筋混凝土柱具有较强承载能力和变形能力;轴压比和剪跨比是影响试件抗震性能的主要因素,轴压比越小,试件的变形和耗能能力越强,刚度退化越平缓,剪跨比越大,试件的变形能力越强;通用屈服弯矩法计算得到的延性系数能够较好反映CFRP筋混凝土柱的延性,轴压比越小、剪跨比越大,试件的延性越好;新型螺旋式矩形箍筋在试件延性及耗能方面表现良好,可以应用于工程实际。     

Reaction characteristic of PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb composites and application in shaped charge liner

In this paper, the reaction characteristic and its application in shaped charge warhead of a novel reactive material, which introduced copper (Cu) and plumbum (Pb) into traditional polytetrafluoroethylene/aluminum (PTFE/Al), are studied. The thermal analysis and chemical reaction behavior of the PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb mixture are investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC),Thermo-gravimetry (TG), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Then, the shaped charge liners with PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive materials are fabricated, and the X-ray experiments show that they could form reactive jets with excellent performance under the detonation effects of the shaped charge. Based on that, the penetration experiments of shaped charge with PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive liner against steel plates are carried out, and the results demonstrate that the PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive jets could produce a deeper penetration depth compared to the traditional PTFE/Al reactive jets. Meanwhile, the PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive jets also show significant inner-blast effects, leading to dramatically cracking or fragmentation behavior of the penetrated steel plates. This new PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive liner shaped charge presents enhanced penetration behavior for steel targets that incorporates the penetration capability of a high-density and ductility jet, and the chemical energy release of PTFE-matrix reactive materials.     

框支短肢剪力墙转换结构不同墙肢布置方式抗震试验研究

框支短肢剪力墙转换结构在实际工程中已得到广泛应用,但其理论研究尚需完善.在试验和分析的基础上,通过对不同墙肢布置方式的两榀斜柱式转换结构试件在竖向和水平荷载共同作用下受力机理、承载能力、破坏形态、滞回特性、变形能力、延性系数、抗震耗能以及破坏机制等抗震性能参数的分析和对比,揭示了墙肢布置方式变化对整个转换结构受力性能及...