关于研究性学习的探讨

随着研究型课程的全面推行,揭示其内在的学习模型,进一步掌握这一课程实施的规律,是摆在我们面前的一项重要任务。     

大学新生外语学习观念探析

我们采用问卷和访谈的方法,对50多名英语专业新生的外语学习观念进行调查。调查涉及:语言性质、语言学习性质、语言学习策略。提出大学新生作为处于转型期的特殊群体,其外语学习观念将直接影响学习结果。因此,教师必须了解学生的语言学习观念,尽早纠正不正确的观念,帮助学生有效地学习外语。     

Search and the introduction of improved technologies

Modeling R&D as standard sequential search, we consider a monopolist who can implement a sequence of technological discoveries during the technology search process: he earns revenue on his installed technology while he engages in R&D to find improved technology. What is not standard is that he has a finite number of opportunities to introduce improved technology. We show that his optimal policy is characterized by thresholds ξ_i(x): introduce the newly found technology if and only if it exceeds ξ_i(x) when x is the state of the currently installed technology and i is the number of remaining introductions allowed. We also analyze a nonstationary learning‐by‐doing model in which the monopolist's experience in implementing new technologies imparts increased capability in generating new technologies. Because this nonstationary model is not in the class of monotone stopping problems, a number of surprising results hold and several seemingly obvious properties of the stationary model no longer hold. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

Efficient sequential decision‐making algorithms for container inspection operations

Following work of Stroud and Saeger (Proceedings of ISI, Springer Verlag, New York, 2006) and Anand et al. (Proceedings of Computer, Communication and Control Technologies, 2003), we formulate a port of entry inspection sequencing task as a problem of finding an optimal binary decision tree for an appropriate Boolean decision function. We report on new algorithms for finding such optimal trees that are more efficient computationally than those presented by Stroud and Saeger and Anand et al. We achieve these efficiencies through a combination of specific numerical methods for finding optimal thresholds for sensor functions and two novel binary decision tree search algorithms that operate on a space of potentially acceptable binary decision trees. The improvements enable us to analyze substantially larger applications than was previously possible. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

基于PBL教学法的公共教育学教学策略探析

作为教师职前教育的一门重要的基础课程公共教育学,其教学效果一直不尽如人意。文章从什么是PBL教学法出发,并基于PBL教学法的视角,提出公共教育学要教给学生什么、怎么教以及如何评价教和学三个问题,为公共教育学的教学改革提供一种新的思路。     

成人本科学员英语学习调查与分析

通过对武警学院114名成人本科学员进行问卷调查,考察了学员的英语学习情况,结果表明：学员的整体学习方法的运用为中等水平。学习动机、学习态度和学习方法与学习成绩都存在显著正相关。     

关于教学过程中有效利用多媒体教学的思考

根据皮亚杰的建构主义学习理论,分析目前多媒体在大学外语课堂教学中存在的问题和多媒体教学的优势及弊端,提出多媒体教学应与传统教学方式相结合,发挥各种教学方式优势的教学策略,最大限度地提高多媒体教学的效果。     

Quay crane scheduling at container terminals to minimize the maximum relative tardiness of vessel departures

In this paper, we study the problem of scheduling quay cranes (QCs) at container terminals where incoming vessels have different ready times. The objective is to minimize the maximum relative tardiness of vessel departures. The problem can be formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model of large size that is difficult to solve directly. We propose a heuristic decomposition approach to breakdown the problem into two smaller, linked models, the vessel‐level and the berth‐level models. With the same berth‐level model, two heuristic methods are developed using different vessel‐level models. Computational experiments show that the proposed approach is effective and efficient. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

遥测参数数据载荷状态判别集成学习方法

针对载荷单机设备遥测参数维度高、数据量大、存在类别不平衡、无法直观判别单机设备运行情况等问题,考虑到航天任务对可解释性的要求,提出一种基于信息增益参数特征选择和集成学习方法的载荷单机状态快速识别方法。采用统计量性质和信息增益子集搜索方法对遥测数据进行特征筛选降维,通过集成学习模型算法实现载荷单机设备状态的自适应识别分类。所提方法将信息增益的参数分类信息量评价准则和集成学习拟合能力强、类别不平衡下准确率高和抗噪能力强等优点相结合,兼顾模型特征和结果的可解释性,提供了重点参数发现功能。采用科学卫星任务真实载荷遥测参数数据对该方法进行了验证,整体识别准确率高于90%,少数样本亦可准确识别,整体效果可达到在轨任务要求,证明了所提方法的有效性和实用性。     

【专题】无人机空战决策技术研究进展

随着无人机相关技术领域的飞速发展,无人机迅速成为世界各国军事领域的研究热点。无人机自主决策作为无人机领域的核心问题,指的是无人机基于空战态势,利用数学优化理论、人工智能等方法,独立自主地生成机动动作控制指令以完成设定目标的过程。本文首先介绍了世界各国该领域的研究进展,并基于空战决策的求解思路,将决策方法分为三类：基于对策理论、基于专家知识以及基于启发式学习算法的决策方法。其次,针对基于对策理论的空战决策方法,阐述了从微分对策到矩阵对策的发展及联系;针对基于专家知识的空战决策方法,介绍了该类方法的建模方法,改进方向;针对基于启发式学习算法的决策方法,论述了各典型方法的适用条件、改进途径等。最后,对无人机空战决策的研究难点进行分析,并展望了未来的研究方向与趋势。