Strategic spectrum occupancy for secondary users in cognitive radio networks with retrials

This article investigates joining strategies and admission control policy for secondary users (SUs) with retrial behavior in a cognitive radio (CR) system where a single primary user (PU) coexists with multiple SUs. Under a certain reward‐cost structure, SUs opportunistically access the PU band when it is not occupied by the PU. If the band is available upon arrival, an SU decides with a probability either to use the band immediately or to balk the system. If the band is occupied, the SU must decide whether to enter the system as a retrial customer or to leave the system. Once the PU requests for service, the service of SU being served, if any, will be interrupted, and the interrupted SU leaves the band and retries for service after a random amount of time. In this article, we study the equilibrium behavior of non‐cooperative SUs who want to maximize their benefit in a selfish, distributed manner with delay‐sensitive utility function. The socially optimal strategies of SUs are also derived. To utilize the PU band more efficiently and rationally, an admission control policy is proposed to regulate SUs who enter the system in order to eliminate the gap between the individually and socially optimal strategies.     

基于主动知识库的地形图汉字注记智能提取方法

地形图中包含了大量的字体丰富的汉字注记 ,正确提取并识别这些汉字是图纸处理中的关键组成部分。简要分析了交互提取及自动提取两种方法的优缺点 ,提出并实现了一种基于主动知识库的结合两者优点的汉字注记智能提取方法 ,取得了很好的应用效果。     

基于行为复合机制的结构化图形动画技术的研究与实践

在各类计算机动画中 ,角色动画可满足实时性及交互性的需要 ,其核心技术在于角色的建模技术。该文主要介绍了作者所研制的角色动画制作系统———“网动王 98” (简称Net_Anim系统 )中所采用的角色建模机制及其相关技术 ,内容包括 :角色的对象模型及其运行机制 ;角色复合行为的实现算法及相关的关键问题 ;应用示例 :Net_Anim系统的特色和有待进一步研究和解决的相关问题。     

用于军事态势估计的协作知识模型

分布式人工智能（ＤＡＩ）是ＡＩ领域的一个新分支。ＤＡＩ研究的主要目的在于分析和设计大型复杂的协作智能系统。本文以军事智能决策过程中的重要环节──态势估计任务为背景,提出了用于实现分布式协作求解的知识表示框架ＤＥＳＷ系统。文章简要分析了军事态势估计领域背景,然后从系统设计的三个方面依次介绍了ＤＥＳＷ的系统组织模型、主体概念模型和分布式协作推理模型。     

一类非线性系统的浑沌与次谐波

本文利用Melnikov方法讨论了一类非Hamilton可积方程的周期激励系统,得到了该系统存在浑沌解与次谐波分支的充分条件。     

Experimental investigation on enhanced damage to fuel tanks by reactive projectiles impact

Enhanced damage to the full-filled fuel tank,impacted by the cold pressed and sintered PTFE/AL/W reactive material projectile(RMP)with a density of 7.8 g/cm3,is investigated experimentally and theoretically.The fuel tank is a rectangular structure,welded by six pieces of 2024 aluminum plate with a thickness of 6 mm,and filled with RP-3 aviation kerosene.Experimental results show that the kerosene is ignited by the RMP impact at a velocity above 1062 m/s,and a novel interior ignition phenomenon which is closely related to the rupture effect of the fuel tank is observed.However,the traditional steel projectile with the same mass and dimension requires a velocity up to 1649 m/s to ignite the kerosene.Based on the experimental results,the radial pressure field is considered to be the main reason for the shear failure of weld.For mechanism considerations,the chemical energy released by the RMP enhances the hydrodynamic ram(HRAM)effect and provides additional ignition sources inside the fuel tank,thereby enhancing both rupture and ignition effects.Moreover,to further understand the enhanced ignition effect of RMP,the reactive debris temperature inside the kerosene is analyzed theoretically.The initiated reactive debris with high temperature provides effective interior ignition sources to ignite the kerosene,resulting in the enhanced ignition of the kerosene.     

Bionic stab-resistant body armor based on triangular pyramid structure

A stab-resistant substrate was designed and realized with a triangular pyramidal structure, inspired by the biological armor model in nature. The stab-resistance behavior and dynamic response mechanisms were studied through numerical simulation and experimental testing of a knife impacting a substrate, and an optimal structural design was obtained accordingly, with a tilted angle of 22.5° and optimal thickness of 1.2 mm. It was shown that the triangular pyramidal structure generated twice the internal energy of the knife than the flat substrate due to the dispersing effect of the structure. The force parallel to the inclination caused a significant scratch on the substrate surface, while the force perpendicular caused obvious substrate deformation. A new riveting method was used to form the total layer, which passed the GA 68—2008 standard. The stab-resistant clothing coupled with the reduced wearing burden could provide effective protection and avoid fatal injuries on security personnel working in dangerous environments. The method provided may enlighten the future design and manufacturing of stab-resistant clothing.     

Partial penetration of annular grooved projectiles impacting ductile metal targets

Changing and optimizing the projectile nose shape is an important way to achieve specific ballistic performance. One special ballistic performance is the embedding effect, which can achieve a delayed high-explosive reaction on the target surface. This embedding effect includes a rebound phase that is significantly different from the traditional penetration process. To better study embedment behavior, this study proposed a novel nose shape called an annular grooved projectile and defined its interaction process with the ductile metal plate as partial penetration. Specifically, we conducted a series of low-velocity-ballistic tests in which these steel projectiles were used to strike 16-mm-thick target plates made with 2024-O aluminum alloy. We observed the dynamic evolution characteristics of this aluminum alloy near the impact craters and analyzed these characteristics by corresponding cross-sectional views and numerical simulations. The results indicated that the penetration resistance had a brief decrease that was influenced by its groove structure, but then it increased significantly-that is, the fluctuation of penetration resistance was affected by the irregular nose shape. Moreover, we visualized the distribution of the material in the groove and its inflow process through the rheology lines in microscopic tests and the highlighted mesh lines in simulations. The combination of these phenomena revealed the embed-ment mechanism of the annular grooved projectile and optimized the design of the groove shape to achieve a more firm embedment performance. The embedment was achieved primarily by the target material filled in the groove structure. Therefore, preventing the shear failure that occurred on the filling material was key to achieving this embedding effect.     

一种基于范围表示B树的大容量IPv6路由查表算法

IPv6具有巨大的地址空间,未来要面对的将会是海量IPv6路由表,而且128位的IPv6地址比IPv4需要更多的访存数。算法针对IPv6路由查找问题中的这两个难点,提出利用B树高度较低的优良性质,将前缀转化为范围表保存在B树中,并在结点内部利用分段范围比较树算法来减少访存次数和空间耗费。理论分析和实验表明,该算法能够以很好的性能支持IPv6海量路由表的查找。     

一种新的雷达辐射源识别专家系统

基于专家知识的雷达辐射源识别系统是解决雷达辐射源识别的重要方式。针对特定的应用背景,提出了一种由知识库确定雷达辐射源相似工作模式比较序列后依据专家知识识别雷达工作模式的新的雷达辐射源识别专家系统,介绍了该雷达辐射源专家系统的组成和各部分的功能,给出了推理过程和确定置信度的知识的表示方法。