一种改进的粒子群优化算法

针对基本粒子群算法存在着收敛速度慢、效率低、易陷入局部最优等缺陷,为了更好地平衡全局和局部搜索能力,在粒子群算法中引入收缩因子,使算法中粒子不仅向种群最优的粒子进行学习,而且向种群中比自己优秀的所有粒子学习,增加了粒子的多样性。实验结果证明,与基本蚁群算法相比,改进的粒子群算法提高了收敛速度和效率,能一定程度地避免局部最优解的产生。     

不同热解温度石英杂化酚醛复合材料渗透率测试

为得到不同温度下石英杂化酚醛材料的渗透率,自主搭建了材料气体渗透率测试平台,提出基于Darcy定律的复合材料气体渗透率的测试方法。对不同温度下石英杂化材料进行研究,测量渗透过程中试验件上下表面气体压力变化和流过试验件的气体流量,进而得到复合材料的渗透率。结果表明:该实验平台可以用来测量复杂孔隙复合材料的渗透率。石英杂化酚醛材料渗透率与热解温度呈正相关,热解温度越高,复合材料的渗透率越大,材料渗透率和热解温度满足关系式K=9.5×10-15T-6.32×10-12。673 K热解温度下,复合材料渗透率为10-13 m²量级;873 K和1 073 K热解温度下,其渗透率在10-12 m²量级。本试验结果丰富了该类树脂基复合材料的基础物性数据,为材料渗透和热质扩散特性分析提供了依据。     

舰炮身管的模态分析与多目标优化

舰炮的炮口扰动是影响舰炮射击精度的重要因素。为了减少舰炮的炮口扰动,优化身管结构,建立了柔性身管的ABAQUS有限元模型,将有限元模型的模态计算值与模态试验值进行比较,发现建立的柔性身管有限元模型是合理可行的。提出了混沌量子粒子群算法与动力学联合优化的方法,进行身管和炮口的多目标优化。优化结果表明,优化后炮口中心的线速度、角速度和角位移与优化前相比显著减小,身管质量有所降低,结构更加合理,该优化方法有效可行,为下一步全炮总体优化设计提供了一定的借鉴。     

异构混合存储的软硬件协同数据放置策略

分析比较当前大数据中心典型混合存储架构,针对其不能综合运用存储管理系统和存储设备优势的问题,提出软硬件协同的数据放置策略,同时考虑软件层混合存储管理系统和硬件层混合存储设备的特点,根据应用特性为数据选择合适的存储管理系统和设备。面向不同应用场景,提出运行前规划存储路径的静态放置模式和运行中规划存储路径的动态放置模式。基于存储管理系统和设备性能参数建模,采用仿真方法实现各数据放置策略,并运行实际应用中的三类负载进行实验测试,结果表明采用软硬件协同的数据放置策略相比只考虑存储管理系统和存储设备的数据放置策略,性能可以提高近30%。     

Dynamic modeling and parameter identification of a gun saddle ring

In this study, a theoretical nonlinear dynamic model was established for a saddle ring based on a dynamic force analysis of the launching process and the structure according to contact-impact theory. The ADAMS software was used to build a parameterized dynamic model of the saddle ring. A parameter identification method for the ring was proposed based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. A loading test was designed and performed several times at different elevation angles. The response histories of the saddle ring with different loads were then obtained. The parameters of the saddle ring dynamic model were identified from statistics generated at a 50° elevation angle to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method. The actual loading history of the ring at a 70° elevation angle was taken as the model input. The response histories of the ring under these working conditions were obtained through a simulation. The simulation results agreed with the actual response. Thus, the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed dynamic model were verified, and it provides an effective method for modeling saddle rings.     

From Westphalian Failure to Heterarchic Governance in MENA: The Case of Syria

Abstract

The problematic export of the Westphalian system to MENA is examined, taking Syria as exemplar. The export model is juxtaposed to actual non-lineal trajectories, semi-sovereignty and hybrid or failing states. This is manifested in post-uprising Syria in failing statehood, fragmented and overlapping governance, permeable and collapsing borders, the loss of sovereignty to trans-state movements, “competitive regime-building” between the Asad regime and jihadist warlords, and “competitive interventionism” by external powers filling the governance vacuum with their own proxies. The result is heterarchic zones of limited statehood in which state sovereignty is contested by both international (supra-state) penetration and sub-state fragmentation.     

集中控制混合网络中基于流的资源分配算法

集中控制混合网络中,异构化网络内部的流量具有一定的规律和特性,如果使用原有的单一的离散式最大极值和无状态的网络资源调度算法,忽略了异构网络规律,会造成网络利用率较低、易震荡、部分网络流延迟等问题。通过分析由集中控制网络和普通网络组成的混合网络的拓扑结构,对混合网络结构中常见问题如流闪现、不能估计的流、路径堵塞或连接震荡场景进行分析,并提出基于期望和状态的流量评价资源规划算法POS和POS-FME。算法考虑混合网络的运行状态,对系统可用资源进行评估,为系统中各种流匹配对应可用资源,并具有一定的预测作用,从而避免混合网络出现运行效率低下的场景。通过实验,POS算法和POS-FME算法相对传统算法,利用率提高了10%～30%,并降低了震荡和平均延迟。     

The subversion of the Bulgarian defence system – the Russian way

Russia has long been pursuing an intended and calculated policy of keeping enough influence in Bulgaria in order to have control over national decisions. Together with the economic, energy, political and information tools used by Russia in its hybrid war against Bulgaria and in its bid to achieve an enduring “state capture,” defence is also a distinct target of Russian subversion now. A list of noticeable subversive actions with tangible effects can be summarised, ranging from fuelling division and manipulating public opinion, preventing the strengthening of the NATO position in the Black Sea, sabotaging defence reform to various options of subverting the modernisation of the Bulgarian Armed Forces and seeking new ways to keep legacy Soviet military equipment in operation as long as possible. This issue must be urgently addressed both nationally and in NATO.     

Violence in context: Mapping the strategies and operational art of irregular warfare

The malaise that the United States, and the West, have experienced in recent campaigns stems in large part from unclear thinking about war, its political essence, and the strategies needed to join the two. Instead, analysis and response are predicated on entrenched theoretical concepts with limited practical utility. The inadequacy of understanding has spawned new, and not so new, terms to capture unanticipated trends, starting with the re-discovery of “insurgency” and “counterinsurgency” and leading to discussion of “hybrid threats” and “gray-zone” operations. New terminology can help, but the change must go deeper. Challenging analytical orthodoxy, this article sets out a unifying approach for the study of political violence, or more accurately: violent politics. It provides a conceptual foundation that helps to make sense of recent shifts in warfare. In effect, it offers sorely needed theoretical insights into the nature of strategy and guides the process of responding to nontraditional threats.     

虚拟心脏介入手术系统的血流模拟

虚拟心脏介入手术系统的血流效果模拟是系统中模型模拟的关键。实时而准确的血液流动效果增强了虚拟手术系统的真实感。在分析心血管内的血液流动物理模型的基础上,结合弹性腔模型,采用了改进的粒子系统方法,建立和实现了新的虚拟心脏介入手术系统的血流模型,满足了心脏介入系统的实时性和真实感要求。