两道同侧扫掠激波作用下形成的三维平板边界层

为探索一种减弱扫掠激波/边界层干扰强度的侧压方式,采用数值计算方法研究两道同侧扫掠激波作用下形成的三维平板边界层。对三维边界层的流动机理进行研究,并与相同气流偏转角的一道扫掠激波作用下形成的三维边界层进行定量比较。研究表明,存在两道同侧扫掠激波时,第一道扫掠激波使侧壁附近边界层变薄,进而使第二道扫掠激波与再附形成的边界层的相互作用减弱,从而总的效果是两道扫掠激波与边界层的相互作用强度比一道扫掠激波的弱;两道扫掠激波的气流总偏转角与一道扫掠激波的相同,相交后汇聚成的激波强度与一道扫掠激波的基本相同,之前被两道扫掠激波"扫"起来的边界层在汇聚激波作用下还呈现锥形流动,分离线和来流的夹角也与一道扫掠激波的基本相同。     

Research on simultaneous localization and mapping for AUV by an improved method: Variance reduction FastSLAM with simulated annealing

At present, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is a research hotspot. Aiming at the problem of non-linear model and non-Gaussian noise in AUV motion, an improved method of variance reduction fast simultaneous localization and mapping (FastSLAM) with simulated annealing is proposed to solve the problems of particle degradation, particle depletion and particle loss in traditional FastSLAM, which lead to the reduction of AUV location estimation accuracy. The adaptive exponential fading factor is generated by the anneal function of simulated annealing algorithm to improve the effective particle number and replace resampling. By increasing the weight of small particles and decreasing the weight of large particles, the variance of particle weight can be reduced, the number of effective particles can be increased, and the accuracy of AUV location and feature location estimation can be improved to some extent by retaining more information carried by particles. The experimental results based on trial data show that the proposed simulated annealing variance reduction FastSLAM method avoids particle degradation, maintains the diversity of particles, weakened the degeneracy and improves the accuracy and stability of AUV navigation and localization system.     

Clustered coverage orienteering problem of unmanned surface vehicles for water sampling

This study investigates a clustered coverage orienteering problem (CCOP), which is a generalization of the classical orienteering problem. The problem is widely motivated by the emerging unmanned techniques (eg, unmanned surface vehicles and drones) applied to environmental monitoring. Specifically, the unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) are used to monitor reservoir water quality by collecting samples. In the CCOP, the water sampling sites (ie, the nodes) are grouped into clusters, and a minimum number of nodes must be visited in each cluster. With each node representing a certain coverage area of the water, the objective of the CCOP is to monitor as much as possible the total coverage area in one tour of the USV, considering that overlapping areas provide no additional information. An integer programming model is first formulated through a linearization procedure that captures the overlapping feature. A two-stage exact algorithm is proposed to obtain an optimal solution to the problem. The efficiency and effectiveness of the two-stage exact algorithm are demonstrated through experiments on randomly generated instances. The algorithm can effectively solve instances with up to 60 sampling sites.     

Potential impact of recharging plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles on locational marginal prices

Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), upon market penetration, will create additional recharging loads to the electric power systems. This article considers different recharging scenarios and uses game theoretic models to study the potential impact of the recharging loads on locational marginal prices (wholesale electricity prices). Computational results from a Pennsylvania‐New Jersey‐Maryland Interconnection case study show that, under the existing recharging infrastructures, even a small magnitude of load increase caused by PHEV recharging could have a significant undesirable impact on locational marginal prices. The impact could be mitigated to a varying extent by the availability of possible future recharging infrastructures, including realtime pricing recharging meters, battery stations, or vehicle‐to‐grid technology.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

履带车辆静动液辅助制动系统设计与参数匹配

综合液力传动和液压混合动力技术,设计一种新型履带车辆静动液辅助制动系统,并分析其工作原理和关键元件的参数匹配原则。该系统不但实现制动能量再生,而且通过在动力耦合系统中应用调速型液力偶合器,实现主动轴与液压混合动力系统之间动力的柔性连接,同时还使车辆具备了液力制动功能。     

磁流变液及其应用研究综述

作为智能材料之一的磁流变液,其工程应用遍布建筑结构、海洋平台、桥梁及高速车辆等领域,尤其是在车辆先进悬挂系统领域的应用备受国内外研究者的关注。结合国内外新近研究进展及研究成果,对磁流变液组成成分、磁流变减振器结构型式、磁流变减振器阻尼力模型、车辆先进悬挂系统振动控制以及基于磁流变阻尼振动控制的实车道路实验等内容进行综述。基于更全面地跟踪和了解磁流变液及其应用研究发展趋势的目的,归纳梳理磁流变液与工程应用所面临的亟待解决的问题、当前研究的热点问题以及最新研究进展,并对磁流变液及其工程应用研究发展趋势进行了展望。     

空降车着陆缓冲过程车体动态应力仿真研究

为了研究空降车着陆缓冲过程车体结构冲击响应,建立了车体有限元模型,运用显式有限元方法,结合实车空投试验的冲击加速度数据,以力的形式模拟车体着陆缓冲过程所受的冲击,仿真得到普通、恶劣和极限3种工况下着陆缓冲过程车体应力分布。结果表明:在3种着陆工况下,空降车左后立柱底端均为应力最大位置。研究结果可为空降车空投寿命预测及装备保障提供依据。     

车辆装备战场损伤等级评估方法

在分析损伤程度、残存功能状态、抢修时间等影响装备损伤等级的划分与评估的主要影响因素以及装备损伤等级划分方法的基础上,研究了车辆装备战场损伤等级划分及评估的基本方法,给出了车辆装备损伤定位的基本程序,设计了车辆装备零件损伤评估的逻辑决断图和整车损伤评估表,建立了战场抢修时间、工时、人员的估算方法,并通过实例验证了评估方法的有效性和实用性。     

一种实时路况下的车牌照识别系统

该系统采用高清工业相机,以千兆以太网作为数据传输通道,克服了传统传输方式速度较慢,抗干扰能力差的缺点。在识别方面,提出了自适应模板宽度算法,有效克服了光照对车牌定位的影响。该算法还采用投影分割法精确分割车牌字符,对汉字采用Gabor算子提取特征,然后利用SVM进行识别,有效解决了汉字识别问题。     

坦克装甲车辆火控观瞄系统发展趋势分析

从火控总体的角度总结了国内外坦克装甲车辆火控观察瞄统的发展过程、现状,分析了观察瞄统的发展特点.对新近发展起来的顶置遥控武器站进行了初步研究,对其应配属的观瞄系统形式进行了探讨.在对未来装备需求和技术发展深入分析的基础上,提出了坦克装甲车辆火控观瞄系统未来的发展方向和需要重点突破和解决的关键技术.