Formation and characterization of core-shell CL-20/TNT composite prepared by spray-drying technique

The core-shell 2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (CL-20/TNT) composite was prepared by spray-drying method in which sensitive high energy explosive (CL-20) was coated with insensitive explosive (TNT). The structure and properties of different formulations of CL-20/TNT composite and CL-20/TNT mixture were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Laser particle size analyzer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), impact sensitivity test and detonation performance. The results of SEM, TEM, XPS and XRD show that ϵ-CL-20 particles are coated by TNT. When the ratio of CL-20/TNT is 75/25, core-shell structure is well formed, and thickness of the shell is about 20–30 nm. And the analysis of heat and impact show that with the increase of TNT content, the TNT coating on the core-shell composite material can not only catalyze the thermal decomposition of core material (CL-20), but also greatly reduce the impact sensitivity. Compared with the CL-20/TNT mixture (75/25) at the same ratio, the characteristic drop height of core-shell CL-20/TNT composite (75/25) increased by 47.6% and the TNT coating can accelerate the nuclear decomposition in the CL-20/TNT composites. Therefore, the preparation of the core-shell composites can be regarded as a unique means, by which the composites are characterized by controllable decomposition rate, high energy and excellent mechanical sensitivity and could be applied to propellants and other fields.     

Recursive weighted least squares estimation algorithm based on minimum model error principle

Kalman filter is commonly used in data filtering and parameters estimation of nonlinear system,such as projectile's trajectory estimation and control.While there is a drawback that the prior error covariance matrix and filter parameters are difficult to be determined,which may result in filtering divergence.As to the problem that the accuracy of state estimation for nonlinear ballistic model strongly depends on its mathematical model,we improve the weighted least squares method(WLSM)with minimum model error principle.Invariant embedding method is adopted to solve the cost function including the model error.With the knowledge of measurement data and measurement error covariance matrix,we use gradient descent algorithm to determine the weighting matrix of model error.The uncertainty and linearization error of model are recursively estimated by the proposed method,thus achieving an online filtering estimation of the observations.Simulation results indicate that the proposed recursive esti-mation algorithm is insensitive to initial conditions and of good robustness.     

基于作战功能模块设计的武器装备体系需求生成方法框架研究

以FoS（Family of Systems）武器装备体系需求生成为研究对象,构建基于作战功能模块设计的武器装备体系需求生成框架,提出适用于该方法框架的基于目标-概念-任务的作战任务需求分析方法、基于任务-功能的作战能力分析方法,从实践角度实现了模块化作战力量建设与FoS武器装备体系模块化、综合化、集成化建设的一体化设计,为武器装备体系需求生成提供了新的方法框架。     

农业面源污染控制的土壤生物热力学方法论

随着农业的发展,农业面源污染问题日益突出,农业面源污染已成为危害生态 环境的最重要的因子。在简要分析了农业面源污染的成因和目前农业面源污染研究情况的 基础上,对土壤生物热力学在农业面源控制上的应用机理进行了具体的阐述,结果表明土壤 生物热力学在指导农业生产过程中充盈着清洁生产理念,为农业面源污染控制提供了理论 基础和科学方法。     

Java异常处理与编程方法

异常处理是程序开发的一个重要内容,异常处理的好坏关系到程序的友好程度和系统的健壮性。Java是一种纯面向对象的编程语言,其异常处理编程和普通的编程语言有很多不同的地方。分析了Java语言异常处理的内部机制,对可能出现的异常情况进行了分类,总结了编程处理异常问题时应该采用的方法以及编写异常语句使用的原则技巧。     

一种新的基于图像复杂度的掩密分析技术

基于掩密图像与原始图像在图像复杂度上的差异,提出了一种新的针对图像LSB嵌入的掩密分析算法,通过分析待检图像在嵌入测试消息前后图像复杂度均值和方差的变化情况,利用Fisher判决准则,从而准确判断图像中是否嵌入了秘密消息.实验结果表明,文章所提算法不仅能准确检测顺序LSB嵌入,并且能估计出嵌入消息的长度,而且能够以98％的准确率检测随机LSB嵌入,同时具有实现简单,运行速度快等优点.     

关于军事法学的若干问题研究

军事法学是一门起步较晚的年轻学科,正确界定军事法学的学科属性和分类,科学构建军事法学的研究方法,对于深入研究军事法学和确立军事法学自身的基本原理框架体系具有重大的理论价值。     

马克思主义理论教学模式探析

近年来,大学生(包括部队院校大学生)在学习马克思主义理论课的过程中存在着比较严重的厌学现象,重要原因之一就是理论教学模式陈旧,使学生在马克思主义理论“有什么用”、“对谁有用”等问题上产生了程度不同的模糊认识。因此,必须构建马克思主义理论课教学的新模式。     

基于逆传系统法的动态载荷识别研究

在载荷识别研究中,时域内载荷识别在其逆传系统载荷识别的研究,目前一般停留在最小相位可逆系统上,基于时间序列模型的逆传系统法系统动态载荷识别理论,提出了一种新的研究方法,克服了传统载荷识别方法对结构的边界条件仅仅局限于可逆系统,并利用计算机仿真验证了该方法不但适用于可逆系统,而且对不可逆系统的载荷识别同样有效.     

一种评价发动机实际技术状况的方法

通过系统的实验,建立了某一型号发动机对应于不同使用时间的空载减速时间数据库,然后在未知某同类型发动机实际使用时间的情况下,通过测取此发动机的空载减速时间,能较正确的评价此发动机的实际技术状况.