装甲装备改进改型的发展及应用

对现役装甲装备的改进改型作了较全面的分析,指出了装备改进的特点、遵循的设计原则及一般通用性作法,并明确了实施装备改进的条件,剖析了装甲装备改进改型的具体实例.     

暴雨灾害救援的难点及对策探讨

由于暴雨引发的各种灾害事故严重危及人民群众的生命和财产安全。以近年来我国发生的暴雨灾害为研究对象,分析暴雨灾害救援的难点,从准备和救援两个方面提出应对的措施。     

非英语专业口语教学现状及对策的实证研究

传统的大学非英语专业口语教学对师生在教学活动中的角色定位不够准确,学生在学习过程中缺乏信心,教学效果不够理想。本文通过对大学非英语专业口语教学的特点进行研究,发现不利于学生开口说英语的种种因素,提出了教学改进的思路和措施,并运用SPSS进行测试分析,验证了此方案的可行性。     

火灾报警系统防误报对策研究

阐述了火灾探测器的原理,找出发生误报警的根本所在,结合实际分析用户在使用过程中引起误报警的原因,并提出了防止误报警的对策。     

关于旅游区消防安全工作的思考

为促进我国旅游业的迅猛发展,做好旅游区消防安全工作意义重大。分析了旅游区当前消防安全工作存在的问题,对如何做好旅游区消防安全工作做了一些有益的探讨。     

近期美国陆军旅战斗队建设发展

美军认为,近年来中俄等大国的军事实力不断增强,成为美国的主要安全威胁,长期的反叛乱作战也使美国陆军应对正规战争的能力有所下降,必须推进面向大国竞争的转型建设以适应未来的作战环境。随着美国陆军转型建设的大幕拉开,提升大规模作战能力成为其建设发展的焦点。本文认为,旅战斗队作为美国陆军的主要合成兵种部队与实施近距离地面作战的主要梯队之一,其建设发展必将服务于美国陆军的战略目标。据此,美国陆军旅战斗队围绕“跨域、集中、持续、聚合”四个指导原则,重点采取各种举措提升其指挥机构生存力、火力集中打击力、空中威胁防护力、战术网络杀伤力四项基本能力。总结分析美国陆军旅战斗队发展建设的举措,对军队未来作战能力建设具有一定的启示作用。     

Allocation of quality improvement targets based on investments in learning

Purchased materials often account for more than 50% of a manufacturer's product nonconformance cost. A common strategy for reducing such costs is to allocate periodic quality improvement targets to suppliers of such materials. Improvement target allocations are often accomplished via ad hoc methods such as prescribing a fixed, across‐the‐board percentage improvement for all suppliers, which, however, may not be the most effective or efficient approach for allocating improvement targets. We propose a formal modeling and optimization approach for assessing quality improvement targets for suppliers, based on process variance reduction. In our models, a manufacturer has multiple product performance measures that are linear functions of a common set of design variables (factors), each of which is an output from an independent supplier's process. We assume that a manufacturer's quality improvement is a result of reductions in supplier process variances, obtained through learning and experience, which require appropriate investments by both the manufacturer and suppliers. Three learning investment (cost) models for achieving a given learning rate are used to determine the allocations that minimize expected costs for both the supplier and manufacturer and to assess the sensitivity of investment in learning on the allocation of quality improvement targets. Solutions for determining optimal learning rates, and concomitant quality improvement targets are derived for each learning investment function. We also account for the risk that a supplier may not achieve a targeted learning rate for quality improvements. An extensive computational study is conducted to investigate the differences between optimal variance allocations and a fixed percentage allocation. These differences are examined with respect to (i) variance improvement targets and (ii) total expected cost. For certain types of learning investment models, the results suggest that orders of magnitude differences in variance allocations and expected total costs occur between optimal allocations and those arrived at via the commonly used rule of fixed percentage allocations. However, for learning investments characterized by a quadratic function, there is surprisingly close agreement with an “across‐the‐board” allocation of 20% quality improvement targets. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 684–709, 2001     

基于信息优势的决策能力分析

随着信息优势评估的不断深入,信息优势支持下的决策优势能力,已成为C4ISR系统作战效能评估的又一重要研究内容.从决策优势的基本概念入手,通过分析决策优势与信息优势的关系,提出了决策周期时间、决策质量和决策循环速度三个衡量决策优势的基本度量,并结合典型作战样式和信息优势的准确性、完备性指标,分析了这些度量的基本构成和量化方法.通过兰彻斯特方程,导出了一种可用于仿真评估的决策优势能力量化公式,进而指明了夺取决策优势应采取的主要措施.     

基于数据的故障诊断更新问题分析及应用

机内测试被广泛应用于故障诊断,装备健康管理与预测等领域。本文针对机内测试设备在设计和升级时遇到的分类器更新,样本数量不平衡,硬件条件限制问题,提出了初步解决方案。首先,利用基于密度的聚类和人工免疫的方法处理原始数据,然后提出了基于代表样本点的混合学习方法,最后利用支持向量机和仿真案例验证了本文所提方法。结果表明本文所提方法能够解决上述问题,有助于基于数据的机内测试设备设计与升级。     

烟花爆竹存放使用中的消防安全问题研究

根据烟花爆竹独有的组成成分的火灾危险性,从烟花爆竹存放场所的硬件条件、从业人员的素质、消防设施的设置及产品的燃放等方面。分析了烟花爆竹在存放和使用过程中发生火灾爆炸事故的原因,针对性地提出了预防类似火灾爆炸事故的措施。