无管网七氟丙烷灭火系统在小面积精密仪器场所的运用

小面积精密仪器场所由于其精密性和重要性,适于设置气体灭火系统。通过分析比较各种气体灭火剂、有管网和无管网气体自动灭火系统的优缺点及其性价比,得出无管网柜式七氟丙烷灭火系统是小面积精密仪器场所最合适的灭火系统。     

Gas metal arc welding of high nitrogen stainless steel with Ar-N2-O2 ternary shielding gas

High nitrogen stainless steel with nitrogen content of 0.75％was welded by gas metal arc welding with Ar—N2-O2 ternary shielding gas. The effect of the ternary shielding gas on the retention and improvement of nitrogen content in the weld was identified. Surfacing test was conducted first to compare the ability of O2 and CO2 in prompting nitrogen dissolution. The nitrogen content of the surfacing metal with O2 is slightly higher than CO2. And then Ar—N2-O2 shielding gas was applied to weld high nitrogen stainless steel. After using N2-containing shielding gas, the nitrogen content of the weld was improved by 0.1 wt％. As N2 continued to increase, the increment of nitrogen content was not obvious, but the ferrite decreased from the top to the bottom. When the proportion of N2 reached 20％, a full austenitic weld was obtained and the tensile strength was improved by 8.7％. Combined with the results of surfacing test and welding test, it is concluded that the main effect of N2 is to inhibit the escape of nitrogen and suppress the ni-trogen diffusion from bottom to the top in the molten pool.     

有机氟工业中残液气的分离鉴定

研究了利用GDX-501气固色谱柱分离有机氟工业中残液气的条件;使用GC-MS技术鉴定了有机氟工业中残液气的成分。     

路易氏剂衍生物的气相色谱-质谱研究

用一种单巯基化合物1-巯基丙烷和三种双巯基化合物1,3-二巯基丙烷、2,3-二巯基丙醇、3,4-二巯基甲苯经亲核取代反应将路易氏剂衍生为挥发性较好的二硫砷化合物,用GC-MS鉴定了这些化合物的结构,并讨论了分子离子的碎裂方式及个别碎片的来源．     

面向对象的燃气发生器地面试验柔性控制模型与实现

根据燃气发生器地面试验对控制的需求,分析了其控制行为,提出了面向对象的燃气发生器地面试验柔性控制模型。模型先进合理,符合目前测控技术发展的方向。在该模型基础上实现了柔性控制系统,能够满足各种型号的燃气发生器地面试验对控制的需求,并在试验中得到了成功的应用。与以前的控制系统相比,该系统具有可靠性高、结构简单、操作简单灵活等特点。     

On parallel machine replacement problems with general replacement cost functions and stochastic deterioration

The parallel machine replacement problem consists of finding a minimum cost replacement policy for a finite population of economically interdependent machines. In this paper, we formulate a stochastic version of the problem and analyze the structure of optimal policies under general classes of replacement cost functions. We prove that for problems with arbitrary cost functions, there can be optimal policies where a machine is replaced only if all machines in worse states are replaced (Worse Cluster Replacement Rule). We then show that, for problems with replacement cost functions exhibiting nonincreasing marginal costs, there are optimal policies such that, in any stage, machines in the same state are either all kept or all replaced (No‐Splitting Rule). We also present an example that shows that economies of scale in replacement costs do not guarantee optimal policies that satisfy the No‐Splitting Rule. These results lead to the fundamental insight that replacement decisions are driven by marginal costs, and not by economies of scale as suggested in the literature. Finally, we describe how the optimal policy structure, i.e., the No‐Splitting and Worse Cluster Replacement Rules, can be used to reduce the computational effort required to obtain optimal replacement policies. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

新型涂层固相微萃取-气相色谱分析检测VX

以溶胶凝胶和交联固化相结合的方法制备了杯[4]芳烃开链冠醚／羟基硅油（Calix[4]open chain ether／OH-TSO）复合涂层固相微萃取探头,采用固相微萃取与气相色谱联用的方法测定水和土壤中的VX．并对自制探头的萃取效率、热稳定性、抗溶剂冲洗能力、使用寿命,保质期以及探头制备重现性等性能进行了系统研究．     

长杆射弹对钢纤维混凝土靶开坑特性的实验研究

为考察射弹对钢纤维混凝土靶的侵彻特性,采用57mm轻气炮,进行了小尺寸模拟射弹对钢纤维混凝土靶(钢纤维的体积分数为2%)的侵彻实验。实验中观察了钢纤维混凝土靶的开坑形状,测量了射弹的击靶速度,并且采用注沙法测出靶体的开坑体积,计算出射弹对靶体的侵彻体积,得到了长杆射弹的动能与侵彻体积的关系。引入射弹单位面积的冲击动能和靶体单位侵彻体积的冲击动能,结合钢纤维混凝土靶的实验数据,考察了两者之间的关系。     

Solution algorithms for the parallel replacement problem under economy of scale

We consider the parallel replacement problem in which machine investment costs exhibit economy of scale which is modeled through associating both fixed and variable costs with machine investment costs. Both finite- and infinite-horizon cases are investigated. Under the three assumptions made in the literature on the problem parameters, we show that the finite-horizon problem with time-varying parameters is equivalent to a shortest path problem and hence can be solved very efficiently, and give a very simple and fast algorithm for the infinite-horizon problem with time-invariant parameters. For the general finite-horizon problem without any assumption on the problem parameters, we formulate it as a zero-one integer program and propose an algorithm for solving it exactly based on Benders' decomposition. Computational results show that this solution algorithm is efficient, i.e., it is capable of solving large scale problems within a reasonable cpu time, and robust, i.e., the number of iterations needed to solve a problem does not increase quickly with the problem size. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 279–295, 1998     

多点喷射空气酒精燃气发生器试验验证

为有效解决现有燃气引射气源存在的诸多缺点,适应一种引射系统大流量、小型化的需要,在综合分析各燃气引射气源方案的基础上,研制了一种以空气、酒精作为推进剂的多点喷射结构的燃气发生器,并开展了多种工况下的试验研究。结果表明:采用的多点喷射方案大大提高了空间利用率,有效满足了引射系统小型化的要求;喷雾性能好,喷雾锥角及粒径优于设计指标要求;点火可靠性高,解决了领域内现有燃气发生器点火可靠性低的缺点;点火迅速,燃烧平稳,可实现较为均匀的出口温度场;燃气发生器工作范围较宽,能在余气系数2.52～4.34范围内稳定燃烧;高效的火焰筒内壁空气冷却方式有效保证了燃气发生器长时间工作运行。