British and German initiatives for defence cooperation: the Joint Expeditionary Force and the Framework Nations Concept

At NATO’s 2014 Wales Summit, the UK and Germany unveiled two new initiatives for European defence cooperation, known, respectively, as the Joint Expeditionary Force (JEF) and the Framework Nations Concept (FNC). Both were the result of economic pressures and the need to exercise intra-alliance leadership, but they represented very different approaches to cooperation. The JEF was to be a UK-led contingency force for short-notice operations, selectively incorporating forces from allies and partners. The FNC sought to coordinate capability development between groups of allies, centred on larger framework nations, to develop coherent capability-clusters available to meet NATO’s force requirements. The common denominator and novelty of the initiatives was the building of forces and capabilities multinationally by having major states act as framework nations for groups of smaller allies. The UK and Germany have ownership and continue to provide leadership to these initiatives. This is one key reason why they continue to evolve to accommodate changing circumstances and are likely to endure.     

Maritime security and capacity building in the Gulf of Guinea: On comprehensiveness,gaps, and security priorities

It is widely acknowledged that maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea is a highly complex phenomenon involving a variety of issues (legal deficiencies, inadequate military equipment, and challenges like corruption, political unrest and youth unemployment) as well as a multiplicity of external responders. To make sense of the impact that external actors have when they address this complex problem through various maritime capacity building endeavours, this article argues that there is a need to understand the attractiveness of capacity building vis-à-vis the widely acknowledged need for a comprehensive approach, as well as the difficulties of translating the potential for comprehensiveness into practice (as important aspects of the problem remain largely unaddressed). Further, it is argued that it is important to appreciate that even if these gaps – i.e. the aspects that maritime capacity building currently leaves unaddressed – represent a ‘failure’ to deliver a comprehensive response, they are at the same time illustrative of how the maritime capacity building activities of various external actors also ‘succeed’ in having an impact on this regional security landscape – for instance, by influencing how certain aspects of this multifaceted problem are prioritised, whilst others are only marginally addressed, if at all.     

基于图像信息的坦克目标姿态估计技术研究

信息化条件下的战争要求坦克具有网络化打击的能力,能自主完成威胁评估和火力分配任务。这些任务以获取敌方目标的火力指向、攻防状态等信息为前提,与姿态信息相关联,因此,研究坦克姿态估计技术意义重大。对现有的一些单目姿态估计方法进行分类;讨论了部分方法估计坦克姿态的可行性;阐述了坦克姿态估计存在的问题和难点;对姿态估计技术提出了建议,供后续的研究参考。     

基于旁路环境下的密码芯片安全性评估

为在复杂旁路攻击敌手环境下对密码芯片进行安全评估,通过物理可观测密码术模型框架对旁路分析过程进行建模;借鉴传统面向实际的可证明安全性理论,定义旁路环境下的两类旁路敌手:密钥恢复旁路分析敌手与不可分辨性判定旁路分析敌手,并给出了密码实现针对这两类旁路敌手的安全性度量模型;对安全性评估中的重要参数指标进行定义与推导;最后根据旁路分析定义、模型及安全性度量指标,提出针对旁路分析的通用评估框架,为研究可抵抗旁路分析攻击的密码设备打下基础。     

基于证据理论的无线通信系统安全风险评价

传统通信系统安全风险评估方法获取的判断矩阵是个体专家的意见,无法处理不确定问题,得到的评估结果较为主观、准确度差,为了解决该问题,提出了基于证据理论的通信系统安全风险评价模型。采用证据理论融合规则调整通信设备和光缆一级指标的判断矩阵,综合多位专家的意见,获取设备和光缆各指标的状态评分和指标权重,构建通信系统风险评估模型,最后通过仿真实验测试其性能,结果表明,该模型可以准确评估通信系统的风险等级。     

一种提高正横布置潜艇发射装置发射安全性的方法

正横布置的潜艇发射装置在发射鱼雷诱饵时,由于受潜艇航行带来的水流作用力的影响,鱼雷诱饵出管后将向潜艇的尾部方向回转,如果潜艇发射鱼雷诱饵时的航速较高,则这种回转将十分严重,有可能与发射艇的尾部相碰撞,这将给发射艇及鱼雷诱饵带来安全性问题.文中提出了一种鱼雷诱饵发射装置在艇上作向前倾斜的斜置式布置结构.数值仿真结果表明:此种布置方式可以削弱鱼雷诱饵出管以后的回转趋势,从而可以避免较高航速时鱼雷诱饵与发射艇的回转碰撞.     

电机故障诊断中的信息融合利用问题研究

对电机故障诊断中的可用信息进行了分类,并针对单一诊断技术对信息利用不足的问题提出利用信息融合的理论,指出了基于信息融合的电机故障诊断技术应解决的问题;给出了基于信息融合的电机故障诊断的基本框架;最后概述了诊断中信息融合利用的方法。结果表明,充分利用电机运行中的各种信息,采用基于信息融合技术的故障诊断方法可以提高故障诊断的准确性和可靠性。     

网络战中的安全主动防护系统构想

根据网络战的要求,提出了一种网络安全主动防护系统,该系统把一种新型防火墙和网络监测系统结合起来,做到了对黑客入侵及病毒攻击的实时监测、捕获和主动防护,克服了传统网络防护系统的不足,如能开发研制,将有利于我军在未来的网络战中取得主动地位。     

地基不均匀沉降后的某框架结构安全性分析

由于某框架结构在施工过程中发生了明显的不均匀沉降,结构体可能存在安全隐患。为此,对该框架结构进行了现场检测,根据检测结果,应用大型有限元软件ANSYS对地基变形后的结构安全性进行分析,合理评价了结构性能,其工程经验可供参考。     

基于L-M算法改进BP网络的信息对抗能力评估

在未来密集和复杂的电磁环境中,快速、客观地评估敌我双方的信息对抗能力具有重要的意义。目前通常采用的人工打分方法具有一定的主观性,且周期较长,难于满足战场瞬息万变的需求。提出了一种基于L evenberg-M arquardt算法改进的BP神经网络信息对抗能力评估方法,以某组信息对抗数据为训练数据,对改进BP神经网络进行训练,并进行了验证性的仿真试验。仿真结果表明:改进BP神经网络能客观有效地评估信息对抗能力,较大程度地提高了神经网络的收敛速度、缩短了评估时间。