Machine scheduling with an availability constraint and job delivery coordination

In this paper we study the scheduling problem that considers both production and job delivery at the same time with machine availability considerations. Only one vehicle is available to deliver jobs in a fixed transportation time to a distribution center. The vehicle can load at most K jobs as a delivery batch in one shipment due to the vehicle capacity constraint. The objective is to minimize the arrival time of the last delivery batch to the distribution center. Since machines may not always be available over the production period in real life due to preventive maintenance, we incorporate machine availability into the models. Three scenarios of the problem are studied. For the problem in which the jobs are processed on a single machine and the jobs interrupted by the unavailable machine interval are resumable, we provide a polynomial algorithm to solve the problem optimally. For the problem in which the jobs are processed on a single machine and the interrupted jobs are nonresumable, we first show that the problem is NP‐hard. We then propose a heuristic with a worst‐case error bound of 1/2 and show that the bound is tight. For the problem in which the jobs are processed on either one of two parallel machines, where only one machine has an unavailable interval and the interrupted jobs are resumable, we propose a heuristic with a worst‐case error bound of 2/3. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

基于瞬时转速多特征融合的内燃机各缸工作状态识别

为分析内燃机瞬时转速波动过程与各缸工作相位的对应关系,进而识别各缸工作状态,提出了基于硬件计数原理的内燃机瞬时转速精确测试方法,在某自行火炮发动机上测取了发动机正常工作、燃烧不良和失火工况下的瞬时转速信号。对信号进行频谱分析,并利用分频带滤波方法分离出电调信号和各缸做功冲击信号,进而提出5个特征参数并计算各特征参数的相对偏差和偏差极性,最后根据不同特征参数的相对偏差幅值和偏差极性分布规律判别各缸工作状态并定位状态异常缸。     

周期性检查装备瞬时可用度研究

论文阐述了研究周期性检查装备瞬时可用度的意义,系统分析了周期性检查单部件/复杂可修系统可靠性、维修性以及可用性建模和计算的研究现状和存在不足,指出了检查周期对保障成本和系统可用度的影响,当系统故障/维修时间服从一定分布时,合理确定检查周期可以降低保障成本,提高装备完好性。     

基于Teager能量算子的解调方法

为实现调制信号瞬时幅值和瞬时频率的分离检测,研究了Elilbert变换解凋方法和Teager能量算子解调方法,给出了详细算法和应用注意事项。利用仿真信号对两种解调方法进行了对比分析,结果表明：Teager能量算子解调方法解调效果较好,町红机械振动信号的解调分析中广泛采用。     

Tilting at windmills: The flawed U.S. policy toward the 1971 Indo-Pakistani war

ABSTRACT

This article examines decision-making mistakes made by U.S. President Nixon and national security advisor Kissinger during the 1971 India-Pakistan crisis and war. It shows that Nixon and Kissinger routinely demonstrated psychological biases that led them to overestimate the likelihood of West Pakistani victory against Bengali rebels as well as the importance of the crisis to broader U.S. policy. The evidence fails to support Nixon and Kissinger’s own framing of the 1971 crisis as a contest between cool-headed realpolitik and idealistic humanitarianism, and instead shows that Kissinger and Nixon’s policy decisions harmed their stated goals because of repeated decision-making errors.     

综合保障理论之海军航空装备保障发展

现役的航空装备大部分以可靠性为中心来开展设计和维修保障工作,普遍存在装备可用性低、装备预防性维修周期不合理、装备保障成本高等问题,影响了装备保障效能的提升。针对该问题,论文梳理了综合保障理论产生和发展的意义,分析了当前海军航空装备综合保障的现状,针对性提出了几点发展建议和措施,对于开展综合保障工作有积极的推动意义,对现役装备的预防性维修周期规划、可靠性增长、可用性提高、降低保障成本有重要意义。     

GNSS自适应天线相位中心评估方法

自适应天线在波束形成过程中会引起天线相位中心变化,针对这一问题,提出一种基于可用波束的自适应天线相位中心评估方法。该方法分为三步:设置天线的可用波束门限;在干扰来向均匀分布下,得到天线可用波束门限内相位方向图集合;利用最小二乘法对相位方向图集合进行拟合得到自适应天线的平均相位中心变化量。运用该方法对四种典型的四元阵相位中心进行对比仿真,结果表明,算法可以快速有效地对自适应天线相位中心性能进行评估。另外,通过设置适当的可用波束门限,可以提高自适应天线的相位中心性能。算法的评估结果可以作为GNSS高精度自适应天线阵型选择依据。     

装甲装备使用可用度与维修保障费用的优化模型

维修保障费用是影响装甲装备使用可用度的重要因素之一。要在有限的保障经费下实现高可用度要求,就必须建立装甲装备的使用可用度与维修保障费用的优化模型。根据装甲装备实际维修特点,在分析装甲装备预防性维修过程中故障类型多样的基础上,构建了装甲装备在给定维修周期内的使用可用度模型和维修保障费用模型,进而建立了使用可用度与维修保障费用的优化模型,提出了模型的解法和模型的改进建议。     

基于马尔可夫更新过程的装甲装备使用可用度模型

针对在装甲装备使用可用度评估中,采用统计评估法存在统计周期长和不能用于研制阶段的缺点,利用马尔可夫更新过程,建立了考虑工作时间、修复性维修时间、延误时间和预防性维修时间的装甲装备的稳态可用度模型,并进行了示例应用。该模型可以在装备研制阶段,根据装备各项时间参数的分布,来估计装甲装备的使用可用度,可为装备设计、装备维修间隔期规划等提供理论和方法指导。     

复杂网络可靠性研究进展

在分析网络可靠性概念和内涵的基础上,从基本可靠性和任务可靠性两个方面,以网络系统的生存性、抗毁性、可用性、可信性和完成性为主线,系统地总结了网络可靠性的相关研究进展,对未来发展趋势进行了展望。