新一代人工智能在国防科技领域发展探讨

新一代人工智能技术已经成为当前研究的重点和热点,并逐渐成为提升国防力量、军事能力和国家竞争力的有效途径。本文在总结人工智能概念的基础上,给出了新一代人工智能的定义和发展的重要意义,从掌握未来战争主动权、支撑军工装备研制生产模式转型和保障国防科技先进性三个方面梳理了国防科技领域发展新一代人工智能的必要性,并从基础技术支撑和国防特色应用两个方向提出了国防科技领域发展新一代人工智能涉及的基础软硬件、标准规范、智能装备/系统、辅助作战指挥、智能研发等重点内容,在此基础上给出了相关的发展建议。以上研究可为新一代人工智能技术在国防科技领域的研究、应用和发展提供参考。     

【将军论坛】科技创新思维的哲学基础、本质特征与实践要求分析

科学技术是核心战斗力,科技创新思维是开启科技创新的“金钥匙”。为实现科技兴军目标,必须高度重视对科技创新思维的研究。本文首先提出马克思主义哲学是指导科技创新思维的锐利思想武器,并从唯物论、辨证法及认识论三个方面进行了论证;其次提出科技创新思维的三个本质特征,即新颖性、全维度和多样性;最后从五个方面提出科技创新思维的实践要求,即深刻认识创新对象、紧贴创新目标要求、重视创新实践探索、建构积淀创新知识、忠于坚守创新追求。     

The Gravity of Arms

The aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants of international arms transfers in a gravity model framework. By distinguishing between the decision to export arms (extensive margin) and the value of the arms exported (intensive margin), while also considering its interdependence, is what differentiates this paper from previous research. A theoretically justified gravity model of trade augmented with political and security motives is estimated using a two-stage panel data approach for 104 exporting countries over the period from 1950 to 2007. In addition to the usual gravity variables related to the economic mass of the trading countries and the trade cost factors, the model is extended with political and security factors. The level of democracy in both trading partners, political differences between trading partners and voting similarity with the United States in the UN General Assembly of the countries engaged in trade are the main political factors, whereas the existence of conflicts, military pacts, and embargoes are taken as security motives. The key result indicates that both political and security motives are an important determinant of an arms trade, but their effects on the extensive margin of exports (the decision to order a transfer) differs from their effect on the intensive margin (average value of exports). Moreover, the relative importance of the factors under study has changed since 1989. In the post-cold war period, countries that are less democratic are more likely to export arms, military pacts are less relevant and embargoes play a role.     

On Government-industry Nexus and Indigenous Armed Resistance

This paper proposes a simple game-theoretic framework for analyzing the relationship between the government, industry and indigenous community, especially in the context of mounting violence surrounding displacement of indigenous communities by governments for the purposes of commercial use of their habitat. It specifically takes into account the possibility of alleged ‘nexus’ between the government and the industry and explores its implications on the level of allocation and utilities of the players. We find that the bias in allocation that occurs when the government and the industry enter a ‘nexus’ can be rectified when there is resistance from the indigenous groups. Moreover, rebellion is a dominant strategy of the indigenous community, irrespective of whether there is ‘nexus’ or not, and being in ‘nexus’ with the government is a best response for the industry. The unique SPNE occurs when there is ‘nexus’ between the industry and the government and resistance by the indigenous groups, corroborating the widespread allegations of ‘nexus’ and evidence of resistance worldwide. We also explore a few extensions of the basic model and present some narrative evidence in support of the theoretical model.     

Buy now,pay later: American military intervention and the strategic cost paradox

This paper explores the notion that US efforts to evade the political costs of war paradoxically contribute to the subsequent exacerbation of costs over time. Leaders seek to purchase political capital in the short term by limiting the costs and requirements of military operations, but in doing so cause strategic and political liabilities to mount in the long run. While identification of such behaviour is not new, insufficient attention has been devoted to explaining its causes, dynamics, and manifestations in relation to key decisions on and in war. Evidence derived from studies of recent American discretionary campaigns is analysed to advance an argument with respect to this pattern of self-defeating strategic behaviour.     

智能化作战指挥模式需求

智能装备已经走入军队、走向战场,创建智能化作战指挥模式是智能化时代作战指挥的必然发展趋势,智能化作战指挥模式需求分析可为智能作战问题研究提供有效的信息。智能化作战指挥模式的需求分析已经具备了一定的物质、理论和技术基础,同时,也具有了一定的构建思路、实践条件和实验平台。在此基础上,本文从军事需求、功能需求和技术需求以及构建要求四个不同角度进行需求分析,以找准创建需求,为后续工作进一步展开奠定基础。     

On the roles of free play in army exercises and the Russians

The article outlines the essential role of free play elements in various types of exercises for the development of in-depth and practical military professionalism. It thereafter argues why such use of free play contradicts the military science founded Russian Way of War.     

大容量储能发电机并联运行励磁控制算法

大容量储能发电机作为脉冲电源,整流后通过逆变器向大功率脉冲负载供电。采用储能发电机直流侧并联方式工作,可以有效提高系统带载能力与可靠性。当并联运行的储能发电机转速不同时,根据转速合理分配电机释放功率可以有效提高系统工作效能,因此需要设计一种具有功率调节功能的励磁控制算法。在电压、电流双闭环控制的基础上,引入功率前馈控制,推导并求解了前馈功率与励磁电流关系以及控制参数,并根据电机初始转速设计了功率分配算法。仿真试验结果表明,功率前馈控制在励磁控制过程中起主导作用,有效分配储能电机释放功率大小,提高了励磁电流响应速度,抑制了负载功率扰动对励磁控制系统的影响。     

区块链在分队战术协同中的应用构想

从战术分队角度出发,探讨了区块链技术在作战实体之间的信息交互及智能协同方面的应用设想,分析了战术分队信息交互的相关技术及面临的挑战,阐述了区块链在未来战术分队指挥体系构建中的发展构想。     

空降作战的制约因素及前瞻

空降力量是联合作战力量的重要组成部分,空降作战是实施高技术条件下作战的重要手段,因此也是各国争相研究的课题,而空降作战指挥是制约空降作战效能发挥的主要因素。本文从空降作战指挥的特点出发,剖析了空降作战指挥的影响因素,通过对现代战争的形势分析对空降作战指挥的发展趋势做出了合理的预判。 