滚动球变换支持下的TIN-DDM地形特征线自动提取方法

针对传统规则格网数字高程模型地形特征线提取方法中存在阈值难以定量调控、连接方式无法自适应调整以及地形特征线类型不完整的问题,将滚动球变换模型应用于不规则三角网数字水深模型(triangulated irregular network digital depth model,TIN-DDM)地形特征线的自动提取,在构建临界滚动球半径关联的地形特征点定量识别判定准则基础上,引入地形形态边界点概念,采用逆向工程的建模思路,建立了以剖分单元为基础的地形特征线自动提取模型,结合地形类型判定准则的多尺度表达特性及顾及水深数值的地形特征优化模型,提出了可多尺度表达且类型完整的地形特征线自动提取方法。试验结果表明:相比于经典地表流水模拟方法,该方法可实现完整、连续且细分的TIN-DDM地形特征线自动提取及多尺度表达,且提取的地形特征线具有更高的地形重构精度。     

Modern Irregular Warfare: The ISIS Case Study

ISIS (the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) has become a key political and military actor in the Middle East and in North Africa. This essay aims at outlining ISIS warfare through an analysis of its operations in the frame of hybrid warfare theory proposed by Frank Hoffman. Therefore, the paper deals with: the role of terrorist tactics in ISIS warfare and the relationship between terrorism and insurgency; ISIS use of technology, mainly with regard to suicide attacks and to drones; and the relevance of urban warfare. Finally, the paper highlights how ISIS operates and the most threatening features of its warfare.     

Regular and irregular forces in conflict: nineteenth century insurgencies in South America

ABSTRACT

In the decades following independence from Spain, ‘civil wars’ ravaged the newly established polities in South America. Former vice-regal capitals inherited a larger portion of the colonial administration and had larger economic resources and a hegemonic project they were able to have permanent and professional armed forces, capable of leading the offensive and giving battle following the European rules of military art. The central hypothesis of this work is that there is a necessary relationship between the shape of these asymmetrical conflicts, their outcome and the political territorial configuration of each country in post-revolutionary Spanish America. When permanent armies took over from local militias, the capital kept the integrity of its territories and there was a tendency towards political centralization. When this did not happen and the militias managed to find a way to defeat their centralizing enemies, the local powers had an opportunity to renegotiate their participation in the political body, and sought to maintain their independence, which was manifest in federal agreements, otherwise a process of territorial fragmentation began. More than a difference between regular and irregular forces there was one between intermittent, and permanent mobilization.     

Bernard Fall and Vietnamese Revolutionary Warfare in Indochina

This article assesses Bernard Fall’s concept of Vietnamese Revolutionary Warfare in Indochina between 1953 and 1958. It also investigates differences in the conceptualization of Revolutionary Warfare between Fall and proponents of French military doctrine known as la guerre révolutionnaire. The last component of the article considers limits of Fall’s influence on counterinsurgency doctrine.     

一种适用于UHF频段军事卫星通信的高效传输方案

特高频(UHF)频段由于其良好的通信性能,正愈发广泛地应用于军事卫星通信,尤其是卫星移动通信,然而由于该频段信道所受干扰和固有衰落的限制,UHF在卫星通信中的应用并非一帆风顺。如何提高系统通信容量及在干扰环境下的信道可用率是目前UHF频段军事卫星通信发展所面临的主要挑战。文章在分析UHF频段卫星通信特点的基础上,简要介绍了具有良好性能的低密度校验码(LDPC)码和连续相位调制(CPM)方式,并结合UHF频段的卫星信道特点,提出了一种新的发展对策——LDPC+CPM+FH的串行级联通信方案,最后对方案进行了建模和计算机仿真。     

When Peacekeepers Fail Thousands are Going to Die. The ETO in Rwanda: a Story of Deception

This study develops the concepts of fourth generation operations and the associated principles. First, the concept of fourth generation operations is introduced and defined. Fourth generation operations are the evolution and extension of third and fourth generation warfare based on a change of tactics, technology, and combatants. These operations are currently ongoing in Afghanistan and Iraq, and with the global war on terrorism. Based on the framework of US joint doctrine, the supporting principles of fourth generation operations are developed. This requires the introduction of the principle of Population Perception.     

基于准循环双对角阵的LDPC码编码算法

针对校验矩阵形如准循环双对角阵的结构化LDPC码,对比研究了两类高效的编码算法:矩阵分解编码算法和分项累加递归编码算法,证明了两类算法从实现角度是等价的,但分项累加递归编码算法推导更为直观,且便于硬件并行实现。基于分项累加编码算法,提出了一种适合准循环双对角LDPC码的部分并行编码结构,设计实现了IEEE 802.11n标准中的LDPC码编码器。FPGA实现结果表明,所设计的LDPC编码器具有硬件开销较小、吞吐率高的优点,在码长为1944bit、码率为5/6时信息比特吞吐率最高可达13Gbps。     

GPS L1C信号LDPC译码器设计

GPS现代化中的L1C信号使用了LDPC码,以提高接收机的弱信号接收能力。L1C信号中使用的LDPC码没有循环或准循环结构,这为译码器设计带来了难度。为了降低译码器实现复杂度,在分析L1C信号LDPC码校验矩阵结构的基础上,通过对校验节点分类和改变变量节点更新方法,提出了一种低存储量和简化译码器控制逻辑的低复杂度译码器结构,并通过仿真验证了译码器译码结果的正确性。     

‘Immediate redress’: USS Potomac and the pirates of Quallah Batoo

Maritime interests in the twenty-first century are not immune to the growing number of irregular challenges and hybrid threats that have come to dominate land warfare. In order to better understand these challenges a study of naval history can help provide a vital foundation. In the early 1830s the United States Navy dispatched the frigate USS Potomac to Sumatra to investigate a pirate attack on the spice trader Friendship. Potomac's crew of sailors and Marines conducted a landing at the village Quallah Batoo and fought a pitched battle. As the navies of the world approach naval irregular warfare in the new century, studying past examples like Potomac's mission can help illuminate the principles of successful naval irregular warfare.     

Non-lethal weapons and the long tail of warfare

This paper examines whether non-lethal weapons (NLWs) enhance the capability of the US armed forces to conduct irregular warfare (IW) operations. With expectations that the operational environment will only continue to become more complex in the future, NLWs may reduce the level of violence received, as well as dispensed, by US forces while performing tasks in the IW spectrum. We argue that NLWs increase the ability of US forces to address the long tail of warfare and their deployment should be increased in the near term.