网络谣言的心理分析与管控

近年来,随着智能移动终端和互联网技术的结合,上网变得十分便利。网民数量激增的同时,网络谣言层出不穷,给社会安全与稳定造成不良影响。文章从心理学角度深入分析助推网络谣言的原因,并基于心理规律提出网络谣言的管控措施。     

A multi‐stage stochastic programming approach for network capacity expansion with multiple sources of capacity

In networks, there are often more than one sources of capacity. The capacities can be permanently or temporarily owned by the decision maker. Depending on the nature of sources, we identify the permanent capacity, spot market capacity, and contract capacity. We use a scenario tree to model the uncertainty, and build a multi‐stage stochastic integer program that can incorporate multiple sources and multiple types of capacities in a general network. We propose two solution methodologies for the problem. Firstly, we design an asymptotically convergent approximation algorithm. Secondly, we design a cutting plane algorithm based on Benders decomposition to find tight bounds for the problem. The numerical experiments show superb performance of the proposed algorithms compared with commercial software. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 600–614, 2017     

Contracts and coordination: Supply chains with uncertain demand and supply

Considering a supply chain with a supplier subject to yield uncertainty selling to a retailer facing stochastic demand, we find that commonly studied classical coordination contracts fail to coordinate both the supplier's production and the retailer's procurement decisions and achieve efficient performance. First, we study the vendor managed inventory (VMI) partnership. We find that a consignment VMI partnership coupled with a production cost subsidy achieves perfect coordination and a win‐win outcome; it is simple to implement and arbitrarily allocates total channel profit. The production cost subsidy optimally chosen through Nash bargaining analysis depends on the bargaining power of the supplier and the retailer. Further, motivated by the practice that sometimes the retailer and the supplier can arrange a “late order,” we also analyze the behavior of an advance‐purchase discount (APD) contract. We find that an APD with a revenue sharing contract can efficiently coordinate the supply chain as well as achieve flexible profit allocation. Finally, we explore which coordination contract works better for the supplier vs. the retailer. It is interesting to observe that Nash bargaining solutions for the two coordination contracts are equivalent. We further provide recommendations on the applications of these contracts. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 305–319, 2016     

Resequencing with parallel queues to minimize the maximum number of items in the overflow area

This article treats an elementary optimization problem, where an inbound stream of successive items is to be resequenced with the help of multiple parallel queues in order to restore an intended target sequence. Whenever early items block the one item to be currently released into the target sequence, they are withdrawn from their queue and intermediately stored in an overflow area until their actual release is reached. We aim to minimize the maximum number of items simultaneously stored in the overflow area during the complete resequencing process. We met this problem in industry practice at a large German automobile producer, who has to resequence containers with car seats prior to the assembly process. We formalize the resulting resequencing problem and provide suited exact and heuristic solution algorithms. In our computational study, we also address managerial aspects such as how to properly avoid the negative effects of sequence alterations. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 401–415, 2016     

基于组合权重的目标识别系统威胁评估

现代信息战场中,对敌方的目标识别系统进行有效干扰,是增强我方、打击敌方的有效手段。对敌方的目标识别系统进行有效的威胁评估,有助于指挥员的决策以及对干扰资源的优化配置。借鉴空中目标威胁评估常用方法,提出对敌方目标的敌我属性识别系统进行威胁评估的方法。首先选择合理的威胁评估指标,然后对指标数据进行规范化处理,利用信息熵法求解威胁评估的客观权重与改进的层次分析法求解出的主观权重加权得到组合权重,运用灰关联分析法进行威胁评估和排序,最后用实例验证方法的有效性和合理性。     

基于虚拟人机环境的某指控舱CATIA人机分析

针对因人机工程模块中缺乏中国大陆成年人数字模型而导致CATIA软件在座舱性化设计适用性差的现象,以GJB4856-2003和指控舱结构设计参数需求为依据,建立了中国大陆成年男子P5、P95人体数字模型和指控舱三维模型,通过人体模型对指控舱的虚拟操作,分别评价了驾驶舱的视野域、操作域和舒适度等方面布局工效,得到了各工效布局评价的结果,并提出了改进建议。     

火箭弹载惯导误差分析

在对火箭弹载惯导进行射前标定时考虑的误差主要包括零偏误差、标度因素误差、安装误差。标定的误差参数越多,难度越大,如果能抓住影响弹丸制导精度的主要误差,将可简化标定算法,简化标定过程,提高标定效率。基于这样的思路,将飞行中的弹丸类比为旋转惯导,从误差方程入手,采用提取误差直流分量的方法对飞行中的弹载惯导进行误差分析,得出影响导航精度的主要误差参数,并仿真验证了所得结论的正确性,为后续简化标定方案提供了理论依据。     

《计算机与信息技术基础》课程分类分层次教学模式的研究与实践--以新疆艺术学院为例

在艺术类入校新生计算机应用能力水平偏低但存在差异的背景下,为提高计算机应用能力水平、信息素养和计算思维能力,进行《计算机与信息技术基础》课程分层教学模式研究,通过调查研究、课程建设等,建立教学目标分层,教学内容分层和教学评价分层,改变传统快慢班或讲授不同课程内容的分层方式,对教学内容进行整合,并进行分层递进教学。     

基于离散事件仿真要素的军事仿真因果追溯方法

基于离散事件系统建模与仿真的军事仿真系统在军事筹划阶段扮演着至关重要的作用。因果追溯与分析是军事仿真中重要的技术,它可以在大量的数据与复杂的交互关系中找出时序上的关联关系,帮助研究人员确定作战行动中的一些关键实体或事件,用于探究战争的发展脉络与蕴含其中的因果关系。首先对作战仿真领域的因果追溯分析做了简要介绍,然后提出了一种基于离散事件仿真要素的因果追溯分析方法,这种方法可以分析军事仿真中的因果关系,并且有很高的通用性和良好的实用性。     

基于能力的指挥信息系统体系需求分析过程?

借鉴了联合能力集成与分析系统的活动流程,根据指挥信息系统体系需求的特点,建立了基于能力的指挥信息系统体系需求分析的过程模型,围绕能力需求的获取、定义、分析与实现划分为4个子过程：背景分析、能力领域分析、能力需求分析、能力需求方案分析,并给出了4个阶段的基本活动和逻辑关系,为指挥信息系统体系需求的分析提供了规范的过程和活动指导。