一种新型SEU/SET加固鉴频鉴相器设计

分析验证了传统D触发器型PFD结构的SEE敏感性,提出了一种新型的SEU/SET加固鉴频鉴相器,SPICE模拟结果表明该结构功能正确,对于1GHz的时钟信号,鉴频鉴相的精度可达0.8rad.锁相环的整体模拟结果表明,抗辐照的PFD与传统的PFD相比,锁相环的电学性能没有改变,锁定时间保持一致.对传统D触发器型PFD和设计加固的PFD进行了遍历轰击模拟,结果显示,提出的抗辐照PFD加固效果非常明显,敏感节点的数目可以降低80%左右.     

YHFT-DX高性能DSP中Cache失效流水设计

YHFT-DX是国防科技大学自主研制的一款高性能DSP.以提升YHFI-DX的 Cache 性能为目标,研究了降低 Cache 失效延迟的优化策略,设计并实现了一种针对高频高性能DSP的一级数据Cache优化策略--失效流水.与传统优化策略相比,该策略将连续访问Cache的失效请求并进行流水化处理,使多个Cache失效延迟重叠,从而达到降低平均Cache失效代价的目的.将该策略应用到YHFT-DX芯片的一级数据Cache控制器的设计与优化中,使访问Cache失效引起的流水线停顿从8拍降为2拍,显著提升了系统性能.     

室温工作的单电子晶体管研究

由于具有低功耗、高速度、高集成度等优点,单电子晶体管成为最有前景的纳米电子功能器件之一.但是,由于结构上的特殊性,单电子晶体管只能在低温下正常工作,该特性限制了其实用化进程.因此,研究可在室温下工作的单电子晶体管具有重要意义.在分析单电子晶体管工作机理的基础上,计算了单电子晶体管室温工作的基本条件,并实验制备出了样片.测试结果表明,所制备的单电子晶体管可在室温下表现出库仑振荡等基本特性.该研究成果将为单电子晶体管的集成实用化打下良好的基础.     

Supply chain coordination with product line design and a revenue sharing scheme

Many manufacturers sell their products through retailers and share the revenue with those retailers. Given this phenomenon, we build a stylized model to investigate the role of revenue sharing schemes in supply chain coordination and product variety decisions. In our model, a monopolistic manufacturer serves two segments of consumers, which are distinguished by their willingness to pay for quality. In the scenario with exogenous revenue sharing ratios, when the potential gain from serving the low segment is substantial (e.g., the low‐segment consumers' willingness to pay is high enough or the low segment takes a large enough proportion of the market), the retailer is better off abandoning the revenue sharing scheme. Moreover, when the potential gain from serving the low (high) segment is substantial enough, the manufacturer finds it profitable to offer a single product. Furthermore, when revenue sharing ratios are endogenous, we divide our analysis into two cases, depending on the methods of cooperation. When revenue sharing ratios are negotiated at the very beginning, the decentralized supply chain causes further distortion. This suggests that the central premise of revenue sharing—the coordination of supply chains—may be undermined if supply chain parties meticulously bargain over it.     

Regular and irregular forces in conflict: nineteenth century insurgencies in South America

ABSTRACT

In the decades following independence from Spain, ‘civil wars’ ravaged the newly established polities in South America. Former vice-regal capitals inherited a larger portion of the colonial administration and had larger economic resources and a hegemonic project they were able to have permanent and professional armed forces, capable of leading the offensive and giving battle following the European rules of military art. The central hypothesis of this work is that there is a necessary relationship between the shape of these asymmetrical conflicts, their outcome and the political territorial configuration of each country in post-revolutionary Spanish America. When permanent armies took over from local militias, the capital kept the integrity of its territories and there was a tendency towards political centralization. When this did not happen and the militias managed to find a way to defeat their centralizing enemies, the local powers had an opportunity to renegotiate their participation in the political body, and sought to maintain their independence, which was manifest in federal agreements, otherwise a process of territorial fragmentation began. More than a difference between regular and irregular forces there was one between intermittent, and permanent mobilization.     

Buy now,pay later: American military intervention and the strategic cost paradox

This paper explores the notion that US efforts to evade the political costs of war paradoxically contribute to the subsequent exacerbation of costs over time. Leaders seek to purchase political capital in the short term by limiting the costs and requirements of military operations, but in doing so cause strategic and political liabilities to mount in the long run. While identification of such behaviour is not new, insufficient attention has been devoted to explaining its causes, dynamics, and manifestations in relation to key decisions on and in war. Evidence derived from studies of recent American discretionary campaigns is analysed to advance an argument with respect to this pattern of self-defeating strategic behaviour.     

The Gravity of Arms

The aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants of international arms transfers in a gravity model framework. By distinguishing between the decision to export arms (extensive margin) and the value of the arms exported (intensive margin), while also considering its interdependence, is what differentiates this paper from previous research. A theoretically justified gravity model of trade augmented with political and security motives is estimated using a two-stage panel data approach for 104 exporting countries over the period from 1950 to 2007. In addition to the usual gravity variables related to the economic mass of the trading countries and the trade cost factors, the model is extended with political and security factors. The level of democracy in both trading partners, political differences between trading partners and voting similarity with the United States in the UN General Assembly of the countries engaged in trade are the main political factors, whereas the existence of conflicts, military pacts, and embargoes are taken as security motives. The key result indicates that both political and security motives are an important determinant of an arms trade, but their effects on the extensive margin of exports (the decision to order a transfer) differs from their effect on the intensive margin (average value of exports). Moreover, the relative importance of the factors under study has changed since 1989. In the post-cold war period, countries that are less democratic are more likely to export arms, military pacts are less relevant and embargoes play a role.     

On the roles of free play in army exercises and the Russians

The article outlines the essential role of free play elements in various types of exercises for the development of in-depth and practical military professionalism. It thereafter argues why such use of free play contradicts the military science founded Russian Way of War.     

Estimating failure time distribution and its parameters based on intermediate data from a Wiener degradation model

Instead of measuring a Wiener degradation or performance process at predetermined time points to track degradation or performance of a product for estimating its lifetime, we propose to obtain the first‐passage times of the process over certain nonfailure thresholds. Based on only these intermediate data, we obtain the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator and uniformly most accurate confidence interval for the mean lifetime. For estimating the lifetime distribution function, we propose a modified maximum likelihood estimator and a new estimator and prove that, by increasing the sample size of the intermediate data, these estimators and the above‐mentioned estimator of the mean lifetime can achieve the same levels of accuracy as the estimators assuming one has failure times. Thus, our method of using only intermediate data is useful for highly reliable products when their failure times are difficult to obtain. Furthermore, we show that the proposed new estimator of the lifetime distribution function is more accurate than the standard and modified maximum likelihood estimators. We also obtain approximate confidence intervals for the lifetime distribution function and its percentiles. Finally, we use light‐emitting diodes as an example to illustrate our method and demonstrate how to validate the Wiener assumption during the testing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

SiC纤维表面CVD SiC涂层对其单丝强度的影响

采用化学气相沉积(CVD, Chemical Vapor Deposition)工艺在KD-I型SiC纤维表面制备了SiC涂层,选择2h、4h、6h和8h四个时间点研究了沉积时间对纤维性能的影响.结果表明:具有CVD SiC涂层的SiC纤维较无涂层的纤维来说强度有所下降;在所研究的沉积时间范围内,随着沉积时间的增加,涂层的厚度有所增加,涂层由不连续的岛状转变为连续层状,纤维的单丝强度出现了先升后降的趋势.