Research on fuze microswitch based on corona discharge effect

Abnormal voltages such as electrostatic, constant current, and strong electromagnetic signals can erro-neously trigger operation of MEMS pyrotechnics and control systems in a fuze, which may result in casualties. This study designs a solid-state micro-scale switch by combining the corona gas discharge theory of asymmetric electric fields and Peek's Law. The MEMS switch can be transferred from "off" to"on" through the gas breakdown between the corona electrodes. In the model, one of the two electrodes is spherical and the other flat, so a non-uniform electric field is formed around the electrodes. The theoretical work is as follows. First, the relation among the radius of curvature of the spherical electrode, the discharge gap, and the air breakdown voltage is obtained; to meet the low voltage (30-60 V) required to drive the MEMS switch, the radius of curvature of the spherical electrode needs to be 10-50 μm and the discharge gap between the two electrodes needs to be 9-11 μm. Second, the optimal ratio ε is introduced to parameterize the model. Finally, the corona discharge structural parameters are determined by comparing the theoretical and electric field simulation results. The switch is then fabricated via MEMS processing. A hardware test platform is built and the performing chip tested. It is found that when the electrode gap is 9 μm, the electrostatic voltage is at least 37.3 V, with an error of 2.6% between the actual and theoretical air breakdown voltages. When the electrode gap is 11 μm, the electrostatic voltage is at least 42.3 V, with an error of 10.5% between the actual and theoretical air breakdown voltages. Both cases meet the design requirements.     

Effect of friction stir processing on mechanical properties and heat transfer of TIG welded joint of AA6061 and AA7075

Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is the most commonly used joining process for aluminum alloy for AA6061 and AA7075 which are highly demanded in the aerospace engineering and the automobile sector, but there are some defects occur during TIG welding like micro-crack, coarse grain structure, and porosity. To improve these defects, the TIG welded joint is processed using friction stir processing (FSP). This paper presents the effect of friction stir processing on TIG welding with filler ER4043 and ER 5356 for dissimilar aluminum alloy AA6061 and AA7075. The mechanical characterization, finite element formulation and mathematical equations of heat transfer of TIG + FSP welded joints are investigated using ANSYS Fluent software by adjusting process parameters of FSP. The results show that the maximum compressive residual stress 73 MPa was obtained at the fusion zone (FZ) of the TIG weldment with filler ER4043, whereas minimum compressive residual stress 37 MPa was obtained at stir zone (SZ) of the TIG+FSP with filler 5356. The maximum heat flux 5.33 × 106 W/m2 and temperature 515 ℃ have observed at tool rotation 1600 rpm with a feed rate of 63 mm/min. These results give a satisfactory measure of confidence in the fidelity of the simulation     

Hazard evaluation of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity for three typical MH2 (M＝Mg,Ti, Zr) of energetic materials

MgH2, TiH2, and ZrH2 are three typical metal hydrides that have been gradually applied to composite explosives and propellants as additives in recent years. To evaluate ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, the Hartmann device and spherical pressure vessel were used to test ignition energy and ex-plosion pressure, respectively. The results showed that the ignition sensitivity of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 gradually increased. When the concentration of MgH2 is 83.0 g/m3 in Hartmann device, the ignition energy attained a minimum of 10.0 mJ. The explosion pressure of MgH2 were 1.44 times and 1.76 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, and the explosion pressure rising rate were 3.97 times and 9.96 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, through the spherical pressure vessel. It indicated that the reaction reactivity and reaction rate of MgH2 were higher than that of TiH2 and ZrH2. In addition, to conduct in-depth theoretical analysis of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, gas production and combus-tion heat per unit mass of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 were tested by mercury manometer and oxygen bomb calorimetry. The experimental results revealed that MgH2 had a relatively high gas production per unit mass (5.15 mL/g), while TiH2 and ZrH2 both had a gas production of less than 2.0 mL/g. Their thermal stability gradually increased, leading to a gradual increase in ignition energy. Furthermore, compared with theoretical combustion heat, the combustion ratio of MgH2, TiH2 and ZrH2 was more than 96.0%, with combustion heat value of 29.96, 20.94 and 12.22 MJ/kg, respectively, which was consistent with the explosion pressure and explosion severity test results.     

Burgers’方程的守恒律

守恒律历来是物理学研究的中心课题之一.在数学中借助运动常数,对偏微分方程的解作出先验估计,这些估计是方程的解存在性、唯一性及稳定性的核心关键.在计算数学中较好的稳定差分格式,也用到守恒律.在Noether's定理求守恒律的基础上,利用Burgers'方程的对称群构造出相关的伴随因子得出了Burgers'方程的一类守恒律.     

论我国的法学教育现状及法律人才的培养

随着改革开放,经济发展,我国法学教育在实践中存在的弊端已日益凸显,对法学教育的改革刻不容缓。本文从分析我国法学教育的现状入手,提出对法学教育改革方向和新世纪法律人才培养的几点建议。     

线性方程组二级迭代法的收敛速度

二级迭代法由内、外迭代和内迭代次数三部分组成。给出了线性方程组二级迭代法R1-收敛因子的一个上界,这个上界由内、外迭代的R1-收敛因子和内迭代次数所决定,其主部为外迭代的R1-收敛因子。在矩阵单调性条件下,对于任何内迭代方法和任意内迭代次数,证明了外迭代的R1-收敛因子也是二级迭代法R1-收敛因子的下界。所得结果反映了内、外迭代的收敛速度以及内迭代次数对于二级迭代法收敛速度的综合影响。     

关于法律战的若干问题研究

在军事斗争中,我军应准确把握法律战的含义,使军事斗争与法律战有机结合。在信息化战争条件下,法律战正面临着前所未有的挑战。法律战只有与舆论战、心理战相结合,才能发挥出“三战”整体效益。军事优势是法律战获胜的前提和关键。武警部队应结合军事工作的基本特点,努力提高法律战的作战能力。     

松耦合感应电能传输系统的设计

在建立感应电能传输系统互感模型的基础上,结合设计的小功率感应电源试验平台,分析了如何选择该系统的补偿拓扑和谐振频率.根据分析结果搭建了感应电源试验平台,并且通过实验,证明了该系统在额定负载下的输出功率最大.     

中国西部气候特点及其变化浅析

气候特点及其变化规律在生态环境演变中往往占据主导地位,它制约着区域的能量基础、水热组合及自然要素的发育方向,规定了物质、能量循环的规模、强度和结构,最终决定了该地区的生态、环境的类型、质量及承载能力。因此,掌握西部气候及其变化规律,可以为西部生态环境建设和保护提供理论依据和实践指导。     

俄罗斯等国对军警遂行反恐任务中权益的保护及启示

俄罗斯等国对军警遂行反恐任务中的权益作出五点保护：遂行反恐任务身体受到伤害、牺牲者,国家给予补偿金赔偿;因遂行反恐任务人身安全受到恐怖威胁,提出整容要求者国家予以解决;遂行反恐任务期间的军龄优惠计算;处置恐怖事件造成的损害免于法律追究;处置恐怖事件损失的个人财产由国家赔偿。俄罗斯等国对军警遂行反恐任务中权益保护的做法,对我国有两点启示：要进一步完善保护遂行反恐任务的武警官兵生命权等权利的法律;要进一步完善保护遂行反恐任务的武警官兵经济权利的法律。