关于战时要人警卫的理性思考

随着国际政治、经济、军事的飞速发展,战时要人警卫安全已成为各国警卫部门研究和探讨的一个重要课题。根据战时要人警卫工作的特点和构成要素分析,战时要人警卫必须建立战时警卫联勤机制,强化战时警卫装备保障,锻造平战结合的警卫队伍,创新符合警卫实战要求的战法,以适应战时警卫工作需要。     

局部自动喷水灭火应用系统存在问题及对策

分析了局部自动喷水灭火系统在设计、施工、使用过程中存在的问题,并就今后局部应用系统发展提出对策。     

基于混合算法的局部路径规划

人工势场法是一种常用的具有算法简单和便于实时控制的局部路径规划方法,但存在容易产生局部极小值的问题。基于模糊逻辑的局部路径规划法具有环境适应性强等优点,它在连续论域内采用模糊路径规划时,计算量比较大。提出了一种将人工势场法和模糊逻辑法相结合进行局部路径规划的混合算法。具体方法是在一般情况下采用人工势场法进行局部路径规划,当产生局部极小值时,采用模糊逻辑法进行局部路径规划。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效地解决局部极小值问题,给智能车规划出光滑的路径。     

用于三维点云表示的扩展点特征直方图算法

局部特征提取在点云相关应用中具有十分重要的作用,因此提出一种用于点云局部特征表示的扩展点特征直方图描述子。针对邻域点的两两点对提出一系列不变量;在特征点上构建一个局部参考坐标框架以获得特征描述子对旋转和平移的不变性;将关键点局部邻域划分成多个子空间,并依据每个子空间中的点对不变量构建一个直方图;将所有直方图串联起来得到扩展点特征直方图特征描述子。采用Bologna公共数据集对扩展点特征直方图特征描述子的性能进行测试,并与多个现有算法进行对比。结果表明,扩展点特征直方图特征描述子获得了良好的性能,其结果优于多个现有的特征描述子。     

面向多平台多目标协同跟踪的指派问题

针对多平台多目标协同跟踪中要求多个无人地面平台尽可能均匀地协同跟踪多个目标的特点,提出了改进的离散粒子群优化算法。首先采用连续型粒子群优化算法中的速度和位置迭代公式,然后对粒子位置进行离散编码,使粒子编码对应于可行的指派方案;其次,在优化算法中引入局部搜索,提高算法寻优性能。最后将所提算法应用于多平台多目标协同跟踪中的指派问题,并与未加入局部搜索的粒子群优化算法比较,仿真结果表明,加入局部搜索后的离散粒子群优化算法具有较好的寻优性能。     

Why internal conflict deteriorates state capacity? Evidence from Colombian municipalities

Previous work has documented a negative correlation between internal conflict and state capacity. We attempt to shed light on mechanisms that underlie this relationship, using data for Colombian municipalities. We rely on identifying heterogeneous effects of different types of violent events on state capacity, taking advantage of variability across municipalities in the prevalence of specific manifestations of conflict and their intensity. Our findings suggest that events making civilians feel targeted affect the state’s capacity to collect taxes, while those reflecting a stronger military capacity of illegal armies, in particular their large-scale attacks, affect the state’s capacity to provide public goods.     

Reclaiming the local in EU peacebuilding: Effectiveness,ownership, and resistance

ABSTRACT

Since the early 2000s, the “local turn” has thoroughly transformed the field of peacebuilding. The European Union (EU) policy discourse on peacebuilding has also aligned with this trend, with an increasing number of EU policy statements insisting on the importance of “the local.” However, most studies on EU peacebuilding still adopt a top-down approach and focus on institutions, capabilities, and decision-making at the EU level. This special issue contributes to the literature by focusing on bottom-up and local dynamics of EU peacebuilding. After outlining the rationale and the scope of the special issue, this article discusses the local turn in international peacebuilding and identifies several interrelated concepts relevant to theorizing the role of the local, specifically those of effectiveness, ownership, and resistance. In the conclusion, we summarize the key contributions of this special issue and suggest some avenues for further research.     

Adaptive random search for continuous simulation optimization

We present, analyze, and compare three random search methods for solving stochastic optimization problems with uncountable feasible regions. Our adaptive search with resampling (ASR) approach is a framework for designing provably convergent algorithms that are adaptive and may consequently involve local search. The deterministic and stochastic shrinking ball (DSB and SSB) approaches are also convergent, but they are based on pure random search with the only difference being the estimator of the optimal solution [the DSB method was originally proposed and analyzed by Baumert and Smith]. The three methods use different techniques to reduce the effects of noise in the estimated objective function values. Our ASR method achieves this goal through resampling of already sampled points, whereas the DSB and SSB approaches address it by averaging observations in balls that shrink with time. We present conditions under which the three methods are convergent, both in probability and almost surely, and provide a limited computational study aimed at comparing the methods. Although further investigation is needed, our numerical results suggest that the ASR approach is promising, especially for difficult problems where the probability of identifying good solutions using pure random search is small. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

一类具有时滞的病毒动力学模型分析

研究一类具有时滞的病毒动力学模型。研究了系统解的有界性;讨论了各个非负平衡点的局部稳定性,应用比较定理得到了各非负平衡点全局渐近稳定的充分条件。     

贪心遗传算法解决一般武器-目标分配问题

一般武器-目标分配问题,是使武器发挥最大效能而使目标遭受最大毁伤的最优化问题.遗传算法广泛用于解决最优化问题.提出一种具有贪心优化机制的局部搜索方法,以提高遗传算法的搜索效率,从而迅速找到全局最优解.应用于炮兵武器-目标分配问题的仿真试验结果表明,此算法比现有的其他搜寻算法具有更好的求解效率.