一种分析噪声背景下目标特征有效性的方法

本文根据目标特征和噪声分布,在一定假设条件下推出了最小错误率（Ｂａｙｅｓ错误率）的表达式,从而把特征分布、噪声大小直接与分类的最小错误率联系起来,给出了一种分析噪声背景下目标特征的有效性的方法。文中利用这种方法对目标和诱饵的红外辐射特征的有效性进行了分析     

薄膜晶体管液晶显示器对空间光调制模式与偏振器方向的关系

薄膜晶体管液晶显示器TFT LCD(Thin Film TransistorLiquidCrystalDevice)是信息光学研究中一种非常重要的电寻址空间光调制器SLM(SpatialLightModulator)。实验中通过调整TFT LCD的起偏器或检偏器的方向,可以分别得到正像、边缘暗突出像、负像等,并结合具有双折射特性的线性扭曲液晶介质对线偏振光的调制理论,对此给出解释。     

基于改进局部投影算法的非线性时间序列降噪

改进了非线性时间序列降噪的局部投影算法,并应用此算法对含噪Lorenz混沌信号进行降噪,将其与小波分析降噪效果进行比较,实验结果表明:改进的局部投影算法对非线性信号降噪效果十分明显。     

基于支持向量机的彩色图像恢复新方法

引起图像退化的因素众多,因而难以用一个统一的方法来进行恢复处理。鉴于图像的像素和各颜色分量通道间本质上存在某种相关性,以及以支持向量机为核心的统计学习理论具有较好地解决小样本、非线性、高维数问题的能力,提出了一种新的空域图像恢复方法,并通过对来自于待处理图像本身的训练样本的学习,构造自适应的回归插值函数;然后基于该函数对图像作有选择的修改,从而达到图像恢复的目的。实验表明,该方法是有效的,并且具有较好的泛化性能。     

Counterinsurgency Challenge in Post-2001 Afghanistan

Although the Taliban insurgency was internally divided and unable to coordinate its activities in 2014–2015, the Afghan security forces were not able to contain it and steadily lost ground throughout 2015. Until 2015, there had been little effort to develop an indigenous Afghan counterinsurgency strategy, but a sense of urgency emerged after a string of Taliban victories. At the beginning of 2016, it was still not clear if and when the National Unity Government would be able to produce a counterinsurgency strategy and, in any case, the need for a coherent counterinsurgency approach became questionable as the Taliban appeared to be transitioning towards conventional warfare.     

Too much Western bias? The need for a more culturally adaptable approach to post-conflict security sector reform

The existing guidelines for security sector reform (SSR) tend to draw on theoretical work in the field of civil–military relations, which in turn has been derived from Western, liberal democratic models of governance. Although guidelines strongly advise that local culture and context need to be considered when drawing up objectives for post-conflict SSR programmes, this is not often reflected in practice. This article considers some of the reasons for this, citing both in-country challenges and donor-related issues, and suggests that one of the biggest problems is a lack of alternative, non-orthodox models of civil–military relations to draw upon. It is further suggested that elements of suitable alternative models may be found in states which possess political structures not entirely dissimilar to the Western, liberal democratic ideal, but which can offer different perspectives. Detailed research of these structures should produce a pool of sub-models which could then be employed to create bespoke, culturally appropriate objectives for use in post-conflict SSR programmes.     

Security sector reform in Africa: Donor approaches versus local needs

Many African states have security sector reform (SSR) programs. These are often internationally funded. But how do such programs account for previously existing security institutions and the security needs of local communities? This article examines SSR all over Africa to assess local ownership and path dependency from a New Institutionalist perspective. It finds that SSR, particularly in post-conflict countries, tends to be driven by ideas and perceptions of international donors promoting generalized blueprints. Often, such programs only account in a very limited way for path-dependent aspects of security institutions or the local context. Hence, the reforms often lack local participation and are thus not accepted by the local community eventually.     

运动载体涡流磁场数值计算与特性分析

为提高运动载体涡流磁干扰建模与补偿的精度,对载体运动引起的涡流磁场的产生机理和分布特性进行分析研究。首先,对涡流磁场的产生机理进行了溯源分析;然后,采用有限元法对涡流磁场进行数值计算研究。考虑到计算空间包含结构的磁导率单一问题,采用了有限元节点法矢量磁位计算方式,并针对舱体壁计算单元,考虑了耦合积分电势自由度,同时考虑到磁场周期变化,采用了瞬态有限元计算方式;最后,通过数值计算分析,揭示了运动载体涡流磁场与外磁场变化频率的关系,并分析了涡流磁场沿径向和轴向的空间分布特性和传播规律,为运动载体涡流磁场干扰的高精度建模与补偿奠定了基础。     

求解CVRP问题的一种改进启发式蚁群算法

针对蚁群算法求解CVRP问题时收敛速度慢、求解质量不高的缺点,提出了一种改进启发式蚁群算法。该算法借鉴蚁群系统和基于排列的蚂蚁系统的优点设计信息素更新策略,既加强了对每次迭代最好解的利用,又避免了陷入局部最优;按一定比例使用基本方法和基于PFIH方法构造路径,扩大了算法的搜索空间;采用一种混合局部搜索算子,增强了算法局部寻优能力。实验结果表明,改进启发式蚁群算法可以大幅度减少车辆运行成本,具有较快的收敛速度。     

基于多点空间直线拟合的调炮精度检测方法

针对火炮身管上标记两个点检测调炮精度受制于单个空间点坐标测量精度的问题,提出通过增加身管上标记点的冗余数量来提高调炮精度的检测方法。应用最小二乘原理对多个空间点进行直线拟合,并采用Monte Carlo方法对身管指向的测量精度进行分析。结果表明:标记4个点、5个点、6个点和7个点与标记2个点(传统方法)相比,其身管指向的测量精度分别提高了约6%、18%、19%和21%。该方法适用于对调炮精度检测要求较高的场合,综合考虑工作效率和测量精度这两个因素,推荐标记5个点测量身管指向。