英汉委婉语的语用共性与差异

委婉语（Euphemism）是人类语言使用过程中的一种普遍现象。英汉两种语言都有大量的委婉语,它们在使用领域、语用功能及特点方面具有颇多相同之处。但因为它们分别属于不同的语系,以不同文化背景和历史传统为生存基础,所以在其使用方面又有很大不同,折射出明显的文化痕迹,主要表现在宗教信仰、历史传统和社会价值观三个方面。     

内隐学习的特征及对其本土教育的启示

内隐学习就是无意识获得刺激环境中复杂知识的过程。在无意识研究热潮中,内隐学习研究获得了很大的发展。内隐学习的研究对于理解人类认识过程的本质,特别是对于探明人们获得丰富复杂知识的心理机制提供了全新的视野。本文着重探讨内隐学习的特征以及对本土教育的启示。     

关于战时要人警卫的理性思考

随着国际政治、经济、军事的飞速发展,战时要人警卫安全已成为各国警卫部门研究和探讨的一个重要课题。根据战时要人警卫工作的特点和构成要素分析,战时要人警卫必须建立战时警卫联勤机制,强化战时警卫装备保障,锻造平战结合的警卫队伍,创新符合警卫实战要求的战法,以适应战时警卫工作需要。     

基于GIS的战场电磁环境可视化研究

针对当前战场电磁环境不可见特征,部队指挥员对其认知的模糊性,运用地理信息系统GIS(Graphic Information System)探索战场电磁环境可视化问题。提出用空间聚类分析模型解决分析处理电磁辐射源空间分布上的一种或几种特征问题,并对系统数据库设计、功能模板设计、逻辑结构设计进行详细阐述。得到可视化系统设计方案,将为指挥员进行电磁态势分析、指挥作战提供有效的辅助决策工具。     

Competitive location and capacity decisions for firms serving time‐sensitive customers

In this article we explore how two competing firms locate and set capacities to serve time‐sensitive customers. Because customers are time‐sensitive, they may decline to place an order from either competitor if their expected waiting time is large. We develop a two‐stage game where firms set capacities and then locations, and show that three types of subgame perfect equilibria are possible: local monopoly (in which each customer is served by a single firm, but some customers may be left unserved), constrained local monopoly (in which firms serve the entire interval of customers but do not compete with each other), and constrained competition (in which firms also serve the entire interval of customers, but now compete for some customers). We perform a comparative statics analysis to illustrate differences in the equilibrium behavior of a duopolist and a coordinated monopolist. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

一种估计来波信号极化状态的新方法

干扰场的极化估计是自适应极化滤波器首要的也是最为关键的一步,极化估计器的精度直接制约极化滤波器的滤波效果.基于单极化雷达接收天线的空域极化特性,提出了一种来波信号极化状态的估计方法.首先介绍了算法的估计原理,并对算法性能进行理论分析,在此基础上,进行相应的计算机仿真实验,探讨了影响估计性能的主要因素及提高算法性能的主要途径.理论推导和计算机仿真结果均证明了估计算法的有效性.     

结合像素局部对比度的直线特征检测算法

鲁棒高效的直线提取算法在空间目标位姿估计、跟踪、骨架重建等领域有广泛的应用。提出基于像素局部对比度和全局虚警抑制的直线段检测算法。算法分为四步:第一步,计算像素点的梯度以及局部对比度;第二步,将方向大致相同的像素点分成直线支撑区域(像素方向为像素梯度方向的顺时针垂直方向),并对支撑区域进行矩形近似;第三步,在直线支撑区域内拟合直线段,计算直线参数;第四步,根据直线支撑区域信息验证直线段,抑制虚警。实验测试结果表明:该算法在复杂条件下,特别是光照影响条件下,具有更好的鲁棒性和效率。     

新疆高校地方特色课程对大学生文化观的影响研究

《新疆历史与民族宗教理论政策教程》是最具有中国特色、新疆地方性特色的课程,开设此课的目的是为了提高大学生思想、牢固树立马克思主义"五观"理论。为了解课程对大学生文化观的教育效果,选取民族班大学生进行研究发现,课程开设后,少数民族大学生的多元文化观显著提高了。居住格局、家庭语言交流类型、上大学前的学习模式等个体变量会影响文化观的提高程度。     

Is South Africa's 20 years of democracy in crisis? Examining the impact of unrest incidents in local protests in the post-apartheid South Africa

This article assesses South Africa's 20 years of democracy, which has frequently been bedevilled by local protests. This article is particularly interested in those unrest incidents that have been distinct for one reason or another. In South Africa, the surge in local unrest incidents is often linked to police behaviour, which has become increasingly militant and brutal when quelling protests. While the right to protest is constitutional, the damage caused during protest action can be immense owing to acts of violence. Protestors' resorting to violent protest action is often linked to increased frustrations as a result of the government's inability to live up to the expectations of marginalised and poor communities. While this article draws primarily on existing scholarly debates focusing on social protests, the primary objective is to examine the impact of unrest incidents on local protests in post-apartheid South Africa. The article further argues that ‘spaces’ for participation in local governance should be created so that citizens can become architects of development and their own future.     

基于局域模板的STAP非均匀检测器

分析了STAP(Space Time Adaptive Processing)中强干扰目标影响传统非均匀检测器性能的机理,针对强干扰目标引起的非均匀检测器性能下降和传统自适应功率剩余(APR)方法运算量大的问题,提出了一种基于局域模板的非均匀检测器(Local Template NHD,LT-NHD)。该方法不需要进行协方差矩阵求逆的耗时运算,便能获得较高的运算效率;此外,其检测不易受训练样本中的强目标样本影响,能获得比传统方法更为鲁棒的检测性能。实测数据实验验证了本文方法的有效性。