低熔点石蜡微胶囊的中试及热性能

为寻找能适应环境温度的相变材料,选择低熔点石蜡作为芯材,制备微胶囊并进行中试生产。对同一样品进行了26次DSC热循环测试和TGA热失重测试,结果表明：中试产品的相变温度始终保持在25~60℃,相变极值和相变热焓均未发生明显变化,分别为42℃和72 J/g;产品能耐受150℃以内的高温而不分解,且在相变温度范围内基本无失重。证明低熔点石蜡微胶囊能在环境温度内发挥调节作用,同时具备较长的热循环寿命和较好的热稳定性,是一种具备良好应用前景的相变材料。     

废旧轮胎在新型柔性拦石墙结构中的应用与数值分析

废旧轮胎作为新型柔性拦石墙结构的重要组成部分,研究其组成材料及抗冲击性能具有重要意义。采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,以子午线轮胎175/70R14为基础,建立了废旧轮胎和刚性拦石墙上添加废旧轮胎前后的有限元模型,分别考察了2种情况下刚性拦石墙所受落石冲击力的大小,研究了废旧轮胎各部分材料的耗能特点。数值分析表明:废旧轮胎吸能作用明显,能够有效地减缓落石对刚性拦石墙的冲击,并显著提高新型柔性拦石墙的防护能力。     

Influence of thickness and projectile shape on penetration resistance of the compliant composite

The present study deals with development of conceptual proof for jute rubber basedflexible composite block to completely arrest the projectile impacting the target at high velocity impact of 400 m/s through numerical simulation approach using finite element (FE) method. The proposed flexible composite blocks of repeating jute/rubber/jute (JRJ) units are modelled with varying thickness from 30 mm to 120 mm in increments of 30 mm and impacted by flat (F), ogival (O) and hemispherical (HS) shaped projectiles. All the considered projectiles are impacted with proposed flexible composite blocks of different thicknesses and the penetration behaviour of the projectile in each case is studied. The penetration depth of the projectile in case of partially penetrated cases are considered and the effect of thickness and projectile shape on percentage of penetration depth is statistically analyzed using Tagu-chi's design of experiments (DOE). Results reveal that the though proposedflexible composite block with thickness of 90 mm is just sufficient to arrest the complete penetration of the projectile, considering the safety issues, it is recommended to use theflexible composite with thickness of 120 mm. The nature of damage caused by the projectile in the flexible composite is also studied. Statistical studies show that thickness of the block plays a prominent role in determining the damage resistance of the flexible composite.     

Experimental investigation on anti-penetration performance of polyurea-coated ASTM1045 steel plate subjected to projectile impact

In this study, the anti-penetration performance of polyurea/ASTM1405-steel composite plate subjected to high velocity projectile was analyzed. Two kinds of modified polyurea material (AMMT-053 and AMMT-055) were selected and a ballistic impact testing system including speed measuring target system and high-speed camera was designed. This experiment was conducted with a rifle and 5.8 mm projectile to explore the effects by the polyurea coating thickness, the polyurea coating position and the glass-fiber cloth on the anti-penetration performance of polyurea/ASTM1405-steel composite plate. The result showed that the effects of polyurea coating position were different between two types of polyurea, and that the effects of glass-fiber position were disparate between two types of polyurea as well. For AMMT-053 polyurea material, it was better to be on front face than on rear face; whereas for AMMT-055 pol-yurea, it was better to be on rear surface although the difference was very subtle. Additionally, formulas had been given to describe the relationship between the effectiveness of polyurea and the thickness of polyurea coating. In general, AMMT-055 had better anti-penetration performance than AMMT-053. Furthermore, five typical damage modes including self-healing, crack, local bulge, spallation and local fragmentation were defined and the failure mechanism was analyzed with the results of SHPB test. Additionally, the bonding strength played an important role in the anti-penetration performance of polyurea/steel composite plate.     

Zn-Al—Mg-RE高速电弧喷涂工艺过程的氧化行为分析

为分析高速电弧喷涂工艺制备Zn-Al-Mg-RE防腐涂层的氧化行为,通过XRD、SEM和EDS试验探究了喷涂工艺对该涂层氧化物的组成、含量及其形态的影响规律,并测试了涂层的中性盐雾腐蚀性能。结果发现：该涂层具有典型的层状结构特征,在相互叠加的扁平颗粒之间有很薄的氧化物膜,同时在扁平颗粒的内部也非均匀地分布着富氧化物区,XRD显示这些氧化物主要为ZnO2和尖晶石结构的ZnAl2O4与MgAl2O4等。分析认为：喷涂时液态金属熔滴在高速气流剪切力作用和反应热梯度作用下,加剧了Zn-Al-Mg-RE熔滴的氧化,这些交错分布的氧化物对合金相产生了较好的屏蔽效果,从而提高了涂层的耐蚀性能。     

有限声速的纯方位算法

针对纯方位条件下对等速直航目标观测的算法问题,将目标运动要素及平均声速作为待估计参数,给出了计算非线性最小二乘法目标函数梯度与Hessian矩阵的解析公式,基于这些公式,可以构造估计目标运动要素的一些算法及编程实现。部分数值实验表明,信赖域算法、Levenberg-Marquardt算法与Matlab用于解非线性最小二乘问题的函数lsqnonlin的计算精度基本一致。     

隐身飞机突防建模及低可探测性轨迹规划

针对隐身飞机突防飞行规划,分析了隐身飞机对警戒雷达网突防过程问题特性,建立了雷达探测模型与组网警戒雷达信息融合模型;综合考虑隐身飞机的隐身能力、预警时间和燃料消耗将隐身飞机低可探测性轨迹规划问题形式化为一个复杂多目标非线性连续时间最优控制问题;并提出基于伪谱法的低可探测性轨迹规划方法。仿真实验实现了在组网警戒雷达下隐身飞机的低可探测性突防轨迹规划,证明了方法的可用性和有效性。     

燃气射流引起的火箭发射系统振动特性分析

以火箭发射系统为研究对象,对其56°射角工况下发射过程中的振动特性进行分析。创新点在于确定发射过程中动态载荷的加载方法,即首先根据发射系统有限元分析结果确定迎气面上试验测量点的具体位置,然后测得燃气射流冲击压强随时间变化的数值,并对试验测得数据进行处理,最后推导冲击压力对于径向距离的直线公式。所采用的冲击压强分析方法为研究其他武器系统受燃气射流冲击的影响提供了重要的指导意义。     

基于GA-ML-PMHT的多基站无源协同定位方法

针对无源协同定位系统中低可观测目标的航迹初始及维持问题,提出一种基于遗传算法的极大似然概率多假设的多基站无源协同定位方法。首先,建立多基站无源协同定位系统数学模型。其次,提出基于极大似然概率多假设的无源协同定位航迹初始算法,并首次利用遗传算法解决极大似然概率多假设中的优化求解问题,以提高目标检测跟踪性能。最后,通过滑窗法实现航迹维持。仿真结果表明,所提方法能够有效解决多基站无源协同定位系统中低可观测目标的航迹初始及维持问题。