双壳体潜艇磁场变化的实验研究与特性分析

双壳体潜艇的磁化特征与单壳体潜艇有较大区别,为了将其磁化特性分析清楚,建立了双层圆柱形铁壳桶的简易潜艇模型,并将其放置于地球磁场环境中,利用通电线圈产生的强大磁场对潜艇模型进行局部磁化;然后,以潜艇垂向磁场变化量作为分析对象,并结合舰船磁场规律、磁滞特性、退磁场等理论,对双壳体潜艇的磁场变化规律进行了定性分析。研究结果表明:双壳体潜艇的外壳磁化规律近似于单壳体潜艇,而由于外壳屏蔽地球磁场,内壳几乎只受到线圈磁化影响。该结论可以为舰船消磁作业等提供理论依据。     

基于建构文化的我军第一代营房建筑解读

从建构文化的发展历程与内涵入手,透过建构的视角审视我军第一代营房,对其在材料与技术的选择、建构表现以及建造者与建筑的关系等方面进行了分析,发现第一代营房在建设经费短缺的条件下重视建筑材料、建筑结构、构造技术等建筑本体内容,展现出建筑的朴素真实之美,并在无形中蕴含了建构的精神。这不仅反映出我军一些优良的营房建设传统,也反衬出当下营房建设的一些不良倾向。希望借助建构这一有力工具,在完成对第一代营房重新审视的同时从中获得启示,对今日方兴未艾的我军现代营房建设提供有益借鉴。     

量子环流理论研究富勒烯分子的磁学性质

在原子轨道线性组合方法中引进规范变换,推导出在外加恒定磁场下分子中的电子环流表达式,应用该理论导出了分子磁化率的一般公式,并对Ｃ６０和Ｃ７０分子中π电子的磁化率进行了计算。     

OTHER-THAN-INTERNET (OTI) CYBERWARFARE: CHALLENGES FOR ETHICS,LAW, AND POLICY

Almost all discussions of cyberwarfare, other cyber-attacks, and cyber-espionage have focused entirely on the Internet as the chief means of damage – the Internet as a ‘vector,’ using a term from the theory of infectious diseases. However there are a variety of means, some of which have already been used, that involve cyber-exploitation using vectors other than the Internet. Malware can be installed in the integrated circuits of computers and servers, but also in any devices attached to them – thumb drives, CDs, printers, scanners, and so on. One can also use various forms of electromagnetic radiation at a distance of meters or more to exfiltrate data or to infiltrate corrupt data. I call this large and diverse family of unwanted interference with the functioning of information processing systems other-than-Internet (OTI) attacks on information systems. Stuxnet, and probably the 2007 Israeli corruption of Syrian air defenses, were OTI attacks. Such OTI techniques are more difficult to develop than creating malware, requiring electronic manufacturing facilities or novel technologies, and are thus accessible only to larger corporations and technologically sophisticated countries. Particularly vulnerable would be countries (like the United States and Europe) whose information processing devices are mainly produced outside of the country. Once exploitations via the Internet become harder to perpetrate, OTI exploitations are certain to grow dramatically, eventually requiring equipment for critical uses to be expensively fabricated in (and transported using) secure facilities; expensive detection measures will have to be instituted. This will create challenges for policy, law, and ethics, as well as greatly increasing the cost of many electronic devices.     

预应力作用超磁致伸缩材料磁滞回线的温度敏感性分析

超磁致伸缩材料Terfenol-D具有应力温度敏感特性。通过循环油浴加热的实验方法,测量超磁致伸缩材料在力热磁耦合下的磁滞回线,发现预应力的增加有效降低了温度对材料低磁场性能的影响,材料显示了良好的低磁场温度稳定性能。试件在高预应力120 MPa、磁场强度300 kA/m的条件,磁化强度出现先增大后减小的现象,磁化衰减幅度得到减弱。     

基于等效电路和点电流源的潜艇水下腐蚀电场估算

为了对潜艇涂层破损状态的水下腐蚀电场进行快速评估,基于电化学腐蚀原理和潜艇结构特点,建立潜艇涂层局部破损时的腐蚀电流等效电路,对潜艇涂层局部破损时的腐蚀电流强度进行估算,并基于点电流源对潜艇腐蚀电场建模,将潜艇涂层破损部位和裸露螺旋桨等效为点电流源,利用点电流源在分层介质中的电场计算公式对潜艇涂层破损时的腐蚀稳恒电场进行估算。与某型潜艇腐蚀电场商业有限元软件COMSOL仿真结果对比表明：该估算方法得到的潜艇表面腐蚀电流和不同路径电场分布曲线规律与COMSOL仿真结果基本一致,电流估算值相对误差不超过6.5%,电场各分量峰峰值相对误差不超过18%。     

强磁场环境模拟系统线圈支架设计及力学仿真

强电磁冲击环境的核心执行机构是线圈,除保障强磁环境发生线圈的电磁特性外,还须确保线圈支架具有充足的机械特性。在完成对线圈磁电设计的基础上,根据线圈的三维结构图、材料配置、质量分布、各零部件之间连接方式以及线圈固定方式等,建立线圈支架结构整体系统有限元计算模型,对线圈支架系统进行静力、稳定性数值计算分析,并校核联接件强度,为线圈支架结构提供参考依据。对实用大型强磁冲击系统所用线圈整体的力学结构进行设计分析,应用背景较新,且仿真计算过程严格按照实际搭建尺寸进行,具有高度的一致性,为后续搭建强磁环境发生装置提供坚实基础。     

Cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system generating millimeter waves for active denial system applications

The cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system is a demonstration device capable of generating high-power millimeter electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength and observing their effects on living organisms. It irradiates a biological sample placed in a 30 × 30 × 50 cm³ cell with electromagnetic waves in the 3.15-mm-wavelength region (with an output of ≥1 W) and analyzes the temperature change of the sample. A vacuum electronic device-based coupled-cavity backward-wave oscillator converts the electron energy of the electron beam into radiofrequency (RF) energy and radiates it to the target through an antenna, increasing the temperature through the absorption of RF energy in the skin. The system causes pain and ultimately reduces combat power. A cell-type continuous electromagnetic radiation system consisting of four parts—an electromagnetic-wave generator, a high-voltage power supply, a test cell, and a system controller—generates an RF signal of ≥1 W in a continuous waveform at a 95-GHz center frequency, as well as a chemical solution with a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin of a living organism. An increase of 5 °C lasting approximately 10 s was confirmed through an experiment.     

Explosion temperature mapping of emulsion explosives containing TiH2 powders with the two-color pyrometer technique

In the study, the two-color pyrometer technique was used to measure the transient temperature field of emulsion explosives with different contents of TiH₂ powders. The experimental results showed that the introduction of TiH₂ powders could significantly increase the explosion temperature and fireball duration of emulsion explosive. When emulsion explosives were ignited, the average explosion temperature of pure emulsion explosive continuously decreased while emulsion explosives added with TiH₂ powders increased at first and then decreased. When the content of TiH₂ powders was 6 mass%, the explosion average temperature reached its maximum value of 3095 K, increasing by 43.7% as compared with that of pure emulsion explosive. In addition, the results of air blast experiment and explosion heat test showed that the variation trends of shock wave parameters, explosion heat and theoretical explosion temperature of emulsion explosives with different contents of TiH₂ powders were basically consistent with that of explosion temperature measured by the two-color pyrometer technique. In conclusion, the two-color pyrometer technique would be conducive to the formula design of emulsion explosive by understanding the explosion temperature characteristics.     

一种基于TOA测量的位置信息场定位算法

针对传统的仅测脉冲到达时间(TOA)定位方法不能适应复杂体制雷达信号的问题,提出了一种新的基于TOA测量的位置信息场定位算法。首先由主站自提取辐射源的脉冲样本图,副站利用主站自提取的脉冲样本图匹配分选出该站接收的辐射源脉冲列,并将其对应的TOA数据传回主站,而后由主站基于各站的TOA测量构造目标位置信息场函数,通过网格搜索法实现对辐射源位置的估计。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。