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151.
Ralph Rotte 《African Security Review》2016,25(1):85-94
While unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become a standard element of modern armed forces, African countries have been reluctant to acquire remotely piloted aircraft for military purposes until recently. This is mainly due to a lack of industrial capabilities and, for military purposes so far, procurement policies that have concentrated on small arms and light weapons, more prestigious armoured vehicles and combat aircraft. Moreover, counter-insurgency strategies in Africa tend to focus on manoeuvre warfare, co-opting rebels or fighting them using armed proxies. As a consequence, international counterterrorism operations against fanatical and reckless groups like al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb and Boko Haram in sub-Saharan Africa are characterised by a strong dependence on Western forces providing UAV-based reconnaissance and, in some cases for the United States, military strikes by drones. This essay reviews some of the incentives and problems of the use of UAVs in the African context. Given the geographical and military conditions of asymmetric warfare in Africa, and potential problems concerning international law, ethical aspects of the use of arms, and civil–military relations notwithstanding, it is argued that African security forces should develop their own UAV capabilities by intensifying their cooperation with Western armed forces. 相似文献
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This article provides a modeling framework for quantifying cost and optimizing motion plans in combat situations with rapid weapon fire, multiple agents, and attacker uncertainty characterized by uncertain parameters. Recent developments in numerical optimal control enable the efficient computation of numerical solutions for optimization problems with multiple agents, nonlinear dynamics, and a broad class of objectives. This facilitates the application of more realistic, equipment‐based combat models, which track both more realistic models, which track both agent motion and dynamic equipment capabilities. We present such a framework, along with a described algorithm for finding numerical solutions, and a numerical example. 相似文献
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战场环境中多无人机任务分配的航路预估是一个具有多路径和实时性双重要求的路径规划问题。采用概率路标图方法对多无人机多任务的航路预估问题开展研究,将航路预估分为离线学习和在线查询两个阶段。通过将战场中威胁的影响转化为各路标间航段的风险代价,提出了基于代价变换的概率路标图方法,当战场态势发生变化时,在不需重构路标图的条件下可以通过局部航段风险代价的调整快速规划出新的预估航路。根据规划条件采取不同的采样策略,可以在规划时间和航路质量之间实现协调以满足不同的战术要求。仿真结果表明该方法是一种快速有效的航路预估方法。 相似文献
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随着水下机器人反围捕策略研究的不断深入,水下机器人围捕变得越来越困难。为此构建一种多层环状伏击围捕模型并设计了基于围捕任务的任务分配方法,使得水下机器人能够充分利用自身的特点更好地完成任务。同时,考虑在围捕过程中随时间推移,系统内能量会出现消耗不均的现象,据此提出一种能量均衡方法平衡系统能量的消耗。实验证明所提出的基于多层环状围捕模型的能量均衡策略任务分配方法能有效提高围捕成功率,延长系统寿命。 相似文献