Minimizing the makespan in open‐shop scheduling problems with a convex resource consumption function

We consider open‐shop scheduling problems where operation‐processing times are a convex decreasing function of a common limited nonrenewable resource. The scheduler's objective is to determine the optimal job sequence on each machine and the optimal resource allocation for each operation in order to minimize the makespan. We prove that this problem is NP‐hard, but for the special case of the two‐machine problem we provide an efficient optimization algorithm. We also provide a fully polynomial approximation scheme for solving the preemptive case. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

An efficient and modular modeling for launch dynamics of tubed rockets on a moving launcher

This paper develops a modular modeling and efficient formulation of launch dynamics with marching fire (LDMF) using a mixed formulation of the transfer matrix method for multibody systems (MSTMM) and Newton-Euler formulation. Taking a ground-borne multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS), the focus is on the launching subsystem comprising the rocket, flexible tube, and tube tail. The launching subsystem is treated as a coupled rigid-flexible multibody system, where the rocket and tube tail are treated as rigid bodies while the flexible tube as a beam with large motion. Firstly, the tube and tube tail can be elegantly handled by the MSTMM, a computationally efficient order-N formulation. Then, the equation of motion of the in-bore rocket with relative kinematics w.r.t. the tube using the Newton-Euler method is derived. Finally, the rocket, tube, and tube tail dynamics are coupled, yielding the equation of motion of the launching subsystem that can be regarded as a building block and further integrated with other subsystems. The deduced dynamics equation of the launching subsystem is not limited to ground-borne MLRS but also fits for tanks, self-propelled artilleries, and other air-borne and naval-borne weapons undergoing large motion. Numerical simulation results of LDMF are given and partially verified by the experiment.     

Static and free vibration analyses of functionally graded porous variable-thickness plates using an edge-based smoothed finite element method

The main purpose of this paper is to present numerical results of static bending and free vibration of functionally graded porous (FGP) variable-thickness plates by using an edge-based smoothed finite element method (ES-FEM) associate with the mixed interpolation of tensorial components technique for the three-node triangular element (MITC3), so-called ES-MITC3. This ES-MITC3 element is performed to eliminate the shear locking problem and to enhance the accuracy of the existing MITC3 element. In the ES-MITC3 element, the stiffness matrices are obtained by using the strain smoothing technique over the smoothing domains formed by two adjacent MITC3 triangular elements sharing an edge. Materials of the plate are FGP with a power-law index (k) and maximum porosity distributions (Ω) in the forms of cosine functions. The influences of some geometric parameters, material properties on static bending, and natural frequency of the FGP variable-thickness plates are examined in detail.     

Formation and characterization of core-shell CL-20/TNT composite prepared by spray-drying technique

The core-shell 2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (CL-20/TNT) composite was prepared by spray-drying method in which sensitive high energy explosive (CL-20) was coated with insensitive explosive (TNT). The structure and properties of different formulations of CL-20/TNT composite and CL-20/TNT mixture were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Laser particle size analyzer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), impact sensitivity test and detonation performance. The results of SEM, TEM, XPS and XRD show that ϵ-CL-20 particles are coated by TNT. When the ratio of CL-20/TNT is 75/25, core-shell structure is well formed, and thickness of the shell is about 20–30 nm. And the analysis of heat and impact show that with the increase of TNT content, the TNT coating on the core-shell composite material can not only catalyze the thermal decomposition of core material (CL-20), but also greatly reduce the impact sensitivity. Compared with the CL-20/TNT mixture (75/25) at the same ratio, the characteristic drop height of core-shell CL-20/TNT composite (75/25) increased by 47.6% and the TNT coating can accelerate the nuclear decomposition in the CL-20/TNT composites. Therefore, the preparation of the core-shell composites can be regarded as a unique means, by which the composites are characterized by controllable decomposition rate, high energy and excellent mechanical sensitivity and could be applied to propellants and other fields.     

Recursive weighted least squares estimation algorithm based on minimum model error principle

Kalman filter is commonly used in data filtering and parameters estimation of nonlinear system,such as projectile's trajectory estimation and control.While there is a drawback that the prior error covariance matrix and filter parameters are difficult to be determined,which may result in filtering divergence.As to the problem that the accuracy of state estimation for nonlinear ballistic model strongly depends on its mathematical model,we improve the weighted least squares method(WLSM)with minimum model error principle.Invariant embedding method is adopted to solve the cost function including the model error.With the knowledge of measurement data and measurement error covariance matrix,we use gradient descent algorithm to determine the weighting matrix of model error.The uncertainty and linearization error of model are recursively estimated by the proposed method,thus achieving an online filtering estimation of the observations.Simulation results indicate that the proposed recursive esti-mation algorithm is insensitive to initial conditions and of good robustness.     

非定常超音速流动数值计算方法比较

为适用于非定常流场计算 ,在保证时、空二阶精度的前提下 ,通过引入变系数残值光顺技术 ,提高了四步Runge Kutta方法的计算效率 ;并针对球锥简谐振动过程 ,数值比较Runge Kutta多步法和“双时间法”的计算精度。     

基于面元法的航母雷达散射截面计算

采用 3DStudioMAX对航母进行三角面元逼近模拟 ,并用面元法研究计算了航母在X波段的雷达反射特性 ,给出了航母雷达散射截面 (RCS)随方位的分布图。从图中可以看出 ,航母的RCS峰值出现在船头、船尾和两舷四个方向 ,这说明航母的雷达回波主要来自于镜面反射。     

用高阶高精度 WENO 格式求解二维激波附面层干扰流场

采用时间相关法求解二维 Navier-Stokes方程 ,数值模拟二维平板层流附面层与激波干扰流场 ,给出了物面压力分布和应力分布。计算中 ,对流项空间导数的差分离散采用高阶高精度 WENO格式 ,时间方向采用具有 TVD性质的 Runge-Kutta方法 ,粘性项采用二阶中心差分。所得压力分布和应力分布与国外实验结果吻合较好 ,计算实践表明高阶 WENO格式具有优异的性能 ,应用前景广阔     

平板翼流体动力边界积分多重网格计算

讨论了平板翼流体动力边界积分法多重网格计算模型,给出了残差计算格式和函数修正值计算公式,推导出与步长无关的环量多重网格计算公式.计算结果表明,利用多重网格方法加快了收敛速度,其数值计算的流体动力与试验值吻合.     

基于小波变换的图象压缩中量化方法的研究

研究了小波系数的分布规律和统计特性,分析了各种小波系数对恢复图象质量的影响,从而为基于小波变换的图象数据压缩提供了量化方法。