新疆绿洲的生态环境特点及区域开发规律研究

受区域生态环境的影响,新疆绿洲普遍具有封闭性、局限性和不平衡性特征,区域开发的生态风险大,市场成本高,使绿洲经济规模小而内向,自然经济色彩浓厚。绿洲经济活动是以封闭流域为单元的非连续性过程,空间联系困难,要素流动性差,集聚和扩散效应弱,培育市场经济、提高区域竞争力受到诸多限制,应按流域生态规律来统一规划和协调绿洲经济发展,把专业化和区域协作建立在流域内部的统一性和流域之间的差异性基础上。     

“经济自由”与“自由经济”辨析——理想与政策

自由主义的实践历史 ,是从争取宗教自由开始 ,继而争取政治自由 ,直到近代和现代 ,却转移集中争取经济自由。“经济自由”虽然是个极重要的课题 ,但是一般论著却把目标 (理想 )性的经济自由混淆作手段 (方法 )性的自由经济 (制度 )。相应地 ,一般论者也把“经济自由主义”错误地狭限于“放任 (自由 )经济制度”以满足一小撮人的经济自由。再者 ,本文认为高寿昌先生早在 6 0年代在外地发表的《经济的自由主义》一文很具卓见和勇气 ,现在试图运用 (广义 )逻辑学把它精确化 ,特别是严格区分“经济自由”与“自由经济(制度 )” ,以显示逻辑分析的重大实用价值     

关于加入WTO后我国经济法制建设的若干思考

加入世界贸易组织,对我国经济发展的影响是利大于弊,机遇大于挑战的.建立成熟的社会主义市场经济法制体系,加快和提高我国经济社会发展的速度与质量,加人WTO是一个积极的有效途径.但我国目前的经济法律制度还难以与国际贸易规则对接,亟需进一步健全和完善.而实现与国际贸易规则相对接,还必须在相关的立法中进一步深化经济法制的理念,积极健全和完善与经济法制建设相关法律.加快适应"法治经济"发展的法制建设,是保障我国加入WTO之后实现经济健康、快速发展的关键.     

论我国法治精神的演进

从社会形态的更替和经济形态变化的角度 ,来说明我国法治精神的孕育及演进的过程 ,阐明了我国法治精神的演进分为古代的法治精神和现代法治精神两个阶段 ,并论证了市场经济是现代法治精神的深厚的经济基础。     

三个有利于标准与国企改革

“三个有利于”是邓小平理论的重要思想 ,是判断改革和各方面工作是非得失的根本标准。国有企业是国民经济的重要支柱。按照“三个有利于”标准推进国有企业改革 ,对于建立社会主义市场经济体制 ,促进经济持续、快速、健康发展 ,提高人民生活水平 ,保持安定团结的政治局面 ,巩固社会主义制度 ,都具有十分重要的意义。     

新经济:西方经济理论的反思

当新经济作为一种新的经济形态迅速席卷全球的时候,新经济中的一些独特经济现象也引发了经济学界的广泛争论。本文就其中一些经济现象,反思西方经济理论,并由此分析这些经济现象的独特性和合理性。     

市场经济与军人思想观念形成的关联分析及对策

市场经济与军人思想观念的形成存在正相关,因为市场经济强化了军人的公平竞争意识、效率意识、创新意识、法制意识、诚信意识;市场经济与军人思想观念形成也存在负相关,导致某些军人理想信念淡化、过分追求个人享受、一切向钱看,使其个人主义、自由主义思想膨胀。为切实加强部队思想建设和提高部队战斗力,必须采取相应的对策。     

Economic reconstruction amidst conflict: Insights from Afghanistan and Iraq

Economic reconstruction typically takes place after the end of war. Yet recently, economic reconstruction has been viewed as a means to ‘win hearts and minds’ during ongoing conflict. Drawing on a variety of reconstruction experiences from Afghanistan and Iraq, we identify four ‘reconstruction traps’ that result from the incentives and constraints faced by actors involved in economic reconstruction during ongoing conflict. These traps include: 1. the credible commitment trap, 2. the knowledge trap, 3. the political economy trap, and 4. the bureaucracy trap. Avoiding these traps is critical for successful economic reconstruction; and we discuss potential strategies for doing so.     

ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AND CULTURE

We address empirically the question of why international economic sanctions are, or are not, chosen as instruments of foreign policy and the question of what determines their success. We hypothesize that cultural linkages between nations are an important factor in explaining both instrument choice and conflict outcomes. Countries that share significant cultural attributes are found to be less likely to apply economic sanctions against one another than countries lacking such cultural ties. However, it is precisely in the case of culturally similar sender and target nations that sanctions are most likely to succeed.     

SECURITY BRIEF

Using crime review figures for four randomly selected states in Nigeria, this study examines cases of kidnapping and its implications for the national economy. The findings reveal that kidnapping is consistently on the increase in Nigeria and is not evenly spread across regions. It is shown that 15 cases were recorded in 2005 and 43 cases in 2008. In 2009, 138 cases were officially recorded, of which 22% and 76% occurred in Rivers and Edo states respectively. Findings further showed that modern kidnapping in Nigeria is triggered by resource control disputes directed both at oil expatriate workers and at prominent citizens, politicians and members of their families. The crisis, which came to the fore in 2005, has forced oil production shutdowns of up to 800 000 barrels per day. The study concludes that kidnapping is becoming a serious crime in Nigeria with significant negative implications for foreign investment, national foreign exchange earnings, and revenue generation.