Economic reconstruction amidst conflict: Insights from Afghanistan and Iraq

Economic reconstruction typically takes place after the end of war. Yet recently, economic reconstruction has been viewed as a means to ‘win hearts and minds’ during ongoing conflict. Drawing on a variety of reconstruction experiences from Afghanistan and Iraq, we identify four ‘reconstruction traps’ that result from the incentives and constraints faced by actors involved in economic reconstruction during ongoing conflict. These traps include: 1. the credible commitment trap, 2. the knowledge trap, 3. the political economy trap, and 4. the bureaucracy trap. Avoiding these traps is critical for successful economic reconstruction; and we discuss potential strategies for doing so.     

SECURITY BRIEF

Using crime review figures for four randomly selected states in Nigeria, this study examines cases of kidnapping and its implications for the national economy. The findings reveal that kidnapping is consistently on the increase in Nigeria and is not evenly spread across regions. It is shown that 15 cases were recorded in 2005 and 43 cases in 2008. In 2009, 138 cases were officially recorded, of which 22% and 76% occurred in Rivers and Edo states respectively. Findings further showed that modern kidnapping in Nigeria is triggered by resource control disputes directed both at oil expatriate workers and at prominent citizens, politicians and members of their families. The crisis, which came to the fore in 2005, has forced oil production shutdowns of up to 800 000 barrels per day. The study concludes that kidnapping is becoming a serious crime in Nigeria with significant negative implications for foreign investment, national foreign exchange earnings, and revenue generation.     

浅析经济原则在网络语言中的应用

随着网络技术的发展,网络语言作为一种新的语言媒体和社会方言,越来越得到人们的重视。在不同的学术领域,专家对网络语言作出不同的诠释和研究。主要从构词、句法、非语言符号三个角度来分析经济原则在网络语言中的普遍使用,并从聊天室中收集、归纳、分析相关语料来证明经济原则的存在,及在网络空间中普遍使用的原因。对网络语言的深入研究,将更有助于人们了解语言在以高科技为背景条件下发展趋势。当网络语言冲击传统语言时,要树立正确的态度面对语言的发展。     

析替代国制度的不公平性及对策

替代国制度是西方国家反倾销法中确定“非市场经济国家”出口产品正常价值所使用的方法,这种方法完全不考虑出口国产品的成本优势。因此,以这种方法确定出口产品的正常价值是非常不合理的,致使中国在反倾销诉讼中处于极为不利的地位。替代国制度的产生及根源,替代国制度对中国的损害及不公平性,中国应采取的对策。     

Revenue management under randomly evolving economic conditions

We consider a dynamic pricing model in which the instantaneous rate of the demand arrival process is dependent on not only the current price charged by the concerned firm, but also the present state of the world. While reflecting the current economic condition, the state evolves in a Markovian fashion. This model represents the real‐life situation in which the sales season is relatively long compared to the fast pace at which the outside environment changes. We establish the value of being better informed on the state of the world. When reasonable monotonicity conditions are met, we show that better present economic conditions will lead to higher prices. Our computational study is partially calibrated with real data. It demonstrates that the benefit of heeding varying economic conditions is on par with the value of embracing randomness in the demand process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 66:73–89,2019     

共享经济视域下的军事训练场地整合

军改以来,"军委管总、战区主战、军种主建"的格局打破了原有军事训练场地的建设、管理和使用模式,训练场地需求旺盛,缺口较大,急需构建适应新体制新机制的新型训练场地建设管理体系,满足训练需求。本文分析了当前军事训练场地建设管理中存在的问题,提出了基于共享经济模式整合军事训练场地资源的对策措施。     

如何做好社会主义市场经济条件下的思想政治工作

思想政治工作是社会主义精神文明建设的重要手段,是社会主义市场经济发展的有机组成部分.做好社会主义市场经济条件下的思想政治工作,必须认识思想工作的新环境,解放思想,转变观念,帮助人们确立市场取向的改革意识,增加思想政治工作的适应性.     

农业自然经济的挽歌社会历史发展的必然——鲁彦小说《黄金》读解

创作于上个世纪二十年代的乡土小说<黄金>,描写了生活在乡村的一家农户,怎样由小康而堕入贫困,因此受尽了乡邻的轻蔑和冷漠.它写出了中国的农业自然经济社会受到了资本主义文明的侵蚀,引起了人与人之间关系的深刻变化.由此揭示了中国乡村经济破产的必然和主人公悲剧命运产生的根源--虽然带着深深的叹惋,但却是一种无可奈何的历史必然.     

石油库站油料筹措中的灰色存储论综合模型及应用

将灰色系统理论、存储论、数理统计理论综合运用,建立综合数学模型,并将该模型运用于石油库站油料管理中,以提高库站油料管理者的决策水平。建立的多阶段油料订购模型可制定最佳油料订购方案,该模型具有通用性,具有简洁、实用、拟合精度高等特点。     

西北高海拔、高寒地区热媒研究

针对西北高海拔、高寒地区供热速度慢、热效率低等问题,研制出一种新型、高效热媒,热媒在一个大气压下沸点可达到116℃。通过单因素实验及正交实验,优化出了热媒配方;经热媒节能效果现场模拟实验,证明了所研制的热媒能显著改善供热效果;对热媒腐蚀性、风险性进行了分析。该热媒成本低、工艺简单、腐蚀性小、安全性高,具有很好的经济效益和军事效益。