舰载机多机一体化机务保障调度研究

针对舰载机多机一体化机务保障调度问题,以出树、入树的形式描述实际保障过程中并行工序的约束关系,以最大保障完工时间和资源负载均衡性为目标,构建了舰载机多机一体化机务保障非线性多目标混合流水车间调度模型,并设计了一种结合基于Insert的动态邻域爬山搜索策略和并行工序的同步化修正的Memetic算法求解该模型。最后通过实例仿真验证了模型和所提算法的可行性和有效性。     

不同形状喷嘴内流场模拟分析

建立了前混合磨料水射流喷嘴内固液两相流动的数学模型,运用Fluent软件对圆柱型、圆锥收敛型、流线型和圆锥带圆柱段收敛型喷嘴内流场进行了数值模拟,分析了喷嘴形状对喷嘴内流场和磨料颗粒加速性能的影响,并通过切割实验验证了仿真结果的可靠性。结果表明:圆柱型喷嘴能量损耗较大,圆锥收敛型喷嘴对磨料颗粒的加速性能差,流线型喷嘴性能良好但不易加工,只有圆锥带圆柱段收敛型喷嘴是用作前混合式磨料水射流喷嘴的最优选择。     

“It would be impossible to estimate the value of these works...” Mass Production at Springfield Armory during the American Civil War

The U.S. Armory in Springfield, Massachusetts, rarely appears in Civil War histories except perhaps as an unexplained statistical wonder. By late 1863, the Armory was the largest single supplier of rifles to Union forces. Springfield Armory workers out-produced over thirty American contractors, making more Army rifles at less cost while providing contractors with gauges, inspectors, and models, even though there were significant wartime private-sector mechanical innovations. This article identifies and explains the factors in the Armory’s success, provides context on contemporary American arms production and rifle models, and argues that the Armory’s methods and performance were among the first if not the first example of mass production in American small arms manufacture. The relative brevity of the Civil War episode, and the fact that it was not repeated in any comparable way at the Armory until World War II, has obscured its significance in American manufacturing history.     

基于流程仿真的物资接收系统可靠性预计方法

针对船舶物资接收时间计算的问题,新增加了对设备发生故障的考虑,通过引入接收时间可靠性的概念,将其转换为船舶物资接收系统的可靠性预计问题。为了解决上述可靠性预计问题,提出了基于流程仿真的系统可靠性预计方法。分析了物资接收系统的工作流程,依据工作流程实现了仿真程序,用蒙特卡洛法对物资接收系统的可靠性进行了求解,并分析了设备不同的可靠性水平对物资接收系统可靠性的影响。仿真结果表明,增加了对设备故障的考虑后,对物资接收时间的估计更加接近实际;基于流程仿真的系统可靠性预计方法的模型更容易理解,所得结论更加具体。     

箔条云干扰下的单目标恒虚警率检测研究

箔条云在扩散过程中随着时间变化会稀释和扩大,其回波特性会发生改变,被检测目标与箔条的相互位置关系也会影响雷达恒虚警检测。针对作战对抗过程中箔条干扰易造成雷达接收机阻塞干扰目标检测,检测概率迅速降低且易丢失目标贻误战机,通过详细分析箔条的扩散过程及信号频谱特性及其箔条云和目标的两种位置关系,利用恒虚警处理算法在噪声基底为10 dB和20 dB情况下对目标进行恒定虚警率检测研究。研究结果对改善飞机检测性能和抗虚警能力以及提高战场生存率具有积极作用。     

光流算法研究

光流的测量是视频序列处理和视频挖掘中的基本问题。首先简述了光流法的基本原理,即物体亮度不变特性;然后阐述了计算光流的4类算法:微分方法、区域匹配方法、基于能量的方法和基于相位的方法,并对当前主流的能量算法进行了详细探讨;最后对各种光流算法的评测方法与测试集进行了说明。     

An exact network flow formulation for cell‐based evacuation in urban areas

In the literature two common macroscopic evacuation planning approaches exist: The dynamic network flow approach and the Cell–Transmission–Based approach. Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages. Many efficient solution approaches for the dynamic network flow approach exist so that realistic problem instances can be considered. However, the consideration of (more) realistic aspects (eg, density dependent travel times) results in non‐linear model formulations. The Cell‐Transmission‐Based approach on the other hand considers realistic traffic phenomena like shock waves and traffic congestion, but this approach leads to long computational times for realistic problem instances. In this article, we combine the advantages of both approaches: We consider a Cell‐Transmission‐Based Evacuation Planning Model (CTEPM) and present a network flow formulation that is equivalent to the cell‐based model. Thus, the computational costs of the CTEPM are enormously reduced due to the reformulation and the detailed representation of the traffic flow dynamics is maintained. We investigate the impacts of various evacuation scenario parameters on the evacuation performance and on the computational times in a computational study including 90 realistic instances.     

滑模控制的新型双幂次组合函数趋近律

提出一种基于双幂次组合函数趋近律的新型滑模控制方案。与现有的快速幂次或双幂次趋近律相比,具有更快的收敛速度,同时还保持了全局固定时间收敛特性,收敛时间上界与滑模初值无关。当系统存在有界扰动时,能够使滑模变量在有限时间内收敛到稳态误差界内,同时其稳态误差要小于现有方法的。仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性及理论分析的正确性。     

潜艇应急上浮六自由度运动及黏性流场数值模拟

为揭示潜艇应急上浮过程中的强非线性运动及水动力作用规律,基于RANS方程及流体体积模型,针对Suboff标模建立了潜艇应急上浮数值预报方法。通过开展不同纵倾攻角及斜航漂角下全附体模型的水动力计算,验证了该计算方法的有效性,确定了其适用范围,进而结合整体动网格技术模拟了潜艇的应急上浮过程,获得了艇体六自由度运动的时历参数及流场细节信息。数值模拟结果表明该方法能够较合理地描述潜艇上浮的运动规律,也证明了该方法在潜艇上浮多自由度运动及水动力性能研究中的潜力和适用性。     

基于飞行仿真的近地告警包线计算

TSO-C151b标准中近地告警包线为通用模型设计,未结合飞机的自身特性。为精确给出飞机过大下降速率告警包线,通过结合飞机自身气动特性和操纵特性,分析告警机理,建立飞机六自由度仿真程序。依据飞机发动机数据、气动力数据、质量特性数据等,建立仿真模型及操作程序,实时模拟飞机各舵面的操作响应过程,以及飞机的运动姿态和飞行轨迹,计算飞机在不同下降速率时拉起的损失高度,设计近地告警包线。实际试飞数据验证了模型设计合理,计算结果准确。同时,将仿真计算得出的告警包线与TSO-C151b对比,给出适用于飞机的近地告警包线使用建议,保证飞机飞行安全。