A Bioterrorism Prevention Initiative

ABSTRACT

The threat of terrorist use of weapons of mass destruction remains a daunting concern. Governments have undertaken several initiatives at the national and international level to prevent such illicit use, yet challenges remain. Notable is the absence of a single collaborative international forum of experts dedicated solely to bioterrorism prevention. The establishment of a Bioterrorism Prevention Initiative could be a possible solution to address this gap. This article explores possibilities for such an initiative and the ways in which it could strengthen the existing bio-nonproliferation regime.     

化学键合胶凝材料抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能

采用浸-烘循环的方法模拟干湿循环交替环境进行新型化学键合胶凝材料抗硫酸盐加速侵蚀试验.侵蚀溶液为质量浓度为5％的硫酸钠溶液,一组试验采用全浸-烘循环,另一组试验采用半浸-烘循环.在经受30×N(N=1,2,3,4,5)次循环后,测定试件的强度耐蚀系数和质量损失率,以此评价化学键合胶凝材料抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能.试验结果表明:半浸-烘循环的侵蚀比全浸-烘循环的侵蚀严重;在经受150次侵蚀循环后,试件外观无严重破损,质量不减反增,强度也不降低,说明化学键合胶凝材料具有优良的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能.     

气浮箱型结构纵荡运动水动力系数解析研究

基于二维微幅波理论,采用特征函数展开和匹配渐进法建立了气浮箱型结构纵荡运动的解析解,将Matlab程序计算结果与MOSES数值模拟结果进行了对比分析,验证了程序的合理性;进而对不同吃水、不同水深下结构纵荡运动的附加质量系数和阻尼系数的幅频变化规律进行了研究。结果表明:由于未考虑结构内部气体的可压缩性,数值模拟结果大于程序计算结果,MOSES计算结果偏安全;在一定频率区段上,吃水的增加对结构附加质量系数和阻尼系数有显著影响;随着水深吃水比的增加,结构的附加质量系数和阻尼系数呈增大趋势,只有在圆频率为0.65~0.9 rad/s时呈减小趋势,而阻尼系数则呈增大趋势。     

谈消防员灭火救援伤亡的原因及对策

近年来,在灭火救援战斗中造成消防官兵伤亡的事故时有发生,严重影响了部队灭火救援战斗力。为有效预防消防员灭火救援伤亡事故的发生,阐明了消防员在灭火救援战斗中伤亡的主要类型,对造成消防员伤亡的原因进行了分析,并探讨了预防和减少消防员伤亡的对策。     

新疆乡镇群众体育多元化服务体系的构建研究

本文通过对新疆乡镇群众体育服务体系的发展状况入手,分析新时期建立新疆乡镇群众体育多元化服务体系的意义.对如何构建新疆乡镇群众体育多元化服务体系的思路和框架进行探讨,以期望更好地为新疆的群众体育服务提供借鉴。     

THE ACRS EXPERIENCE AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THE WMDFZ CONFERENCE

This article examines the arms control logic that was applied to the only regional arms control talks that have taken place in the Middle East to date: the Arms Control and Regional Security (ACRS) working group that was part of the multilateral track of the Madrid peace process in the early 1990s. It highlights both the successes and major constraints of the ACRS talks in an effort to assess what might be relevant to the weapons of mass destruction-free zone conference proposed for later this year. In addition to the basic arms control dilemmas that will continue to challenge this conference—as they did ACRS—the article suggests that current conditions in the Middle East are even less conducive to regional dialogue than they were in the earlier period, due to the internal upheavals in several key Arab states, and the specific challenge of Iran's move to develop a military nuclear capability.     

THE MIDDLE EAST WMD-FREE ZONE CONFERENCE

This article reviews the origins and evolution of the Middle East weapons of mass destruction-free zone (WMDFZ) concept and the proposal for a 2012 conference on the subject, and explores new challenges and opportunities for regional arms control in the current regional environment. It suggests that new models may be necessary to revitalize regional arms control efforts. The establishment of a broad regional security forum could include, but should not be limited to, curtailing weapons of mass destruction through the zone approach. Even if the 2012 conference fails to materialize, or is limited to a one-time event, the proposal for such a conference has provided an important opportunity to rethink future options for a regional arms control and security process.     

From stopping to preventing atrocities

The Constitutive Act of the African Union (AU) provides for the right of the continental body to intervene in the face of war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity. According to its formulation, Article 4(h) intervention entails military force, which is triggered when a target state fails to discharge its duty to protect its population from mass atrocities. Although Article 4(h) is an ambitious statutory commitment to intervene in a member state by the AU, the Libyan crisis in 2011 showed the ambivalence of the continental institution to act in a decisive and timely manner. The AU's failure to invoke Article 4(h) exposed the need for building the capacity and political will to intervene and to interpret Article 4(h). Therefore, the primary focus of this article is on how Article 4(h) should be interpreted. Flowing from the Pretoria Principles, which seek to provide clarity on the implementation of the AU's right of intervention, Article 4(h) should be viewed as a duty rather than a right to prevent or stop mass atrocities. The duty dimension of Article 4(h) derives from the international instruments that AU member states have ratified to prevent mass atrocities. Rather than being a paper tiger, Article 4(h) should be used in a proactive and timely manner as a military option available to the AU to persuade member states to prevent or halt atrocities. As a last resort, military force pursuant to Article 4(h) should aim at protecting the population at risk and pursuing the perpetrators in order to avoid contravening Article 2(4) of the Charter of the United Nations (UN). Although military intervention can save lives in the short term, it cannot necessarily address the underlying, structural causes of atrocities, such as ethnic rivalries, economic inequalities and scramble for natural resources, among others. Therefore, the prevention of mass atrocities should not be equated with, or be seen through the prism of, Article 4(h) intervention alone. The focus should instead be on the entire spectrum of preventive strategies at the disposal of the AU in the face of mass atrocities, including the African human rights system and the African Peer Review Mechanism.     

双质量飞轮的弧形弹簧设计及仿真分析

为了研究双质量飞轮的减振特性及其在汽车上的使用情况,在分析弧形螺旋弹簧双质量飞轮工作原理的基础上,经过理论推导,得到了应用于双质量飞轮的弧形螺旋弹簧的刚度计算公式,根据此公式完成了2个弹簧和6个弹簧双质量飞轮的弹簧参数计算和结构设计;建立了车辆动力传动系统的多自由度扭振分析仿真模型,对2种形式双质量飞轮减振效果进行了仿真分析。分析结果对设计适用于已知工况的双质量飞轮具有实用意义。     

提高新闻传播学青年教师教学水平及与学生沟通能力的研究

本文以提高新闻传播学青年教师教学水平及与学生沟通能力为研究对象,主要包括课堂教学、教材建设、媒体实践经验和培养沟通素质四个大环节。具体包括了解新闻传播学教师的特质,具有政治家的热情与眼光;实施课程负责人制度,加强教学基本功训练;组织青年教师讲课比赛、课堂教学专题报告,编写高质量的教材;增加青年教师在媒体挂职锻炼、新闻实习或做一些兼职工作,增长媒体从业经验;构建师生立体多维的沟通模式,培养青年教师与学生沟通素质等。