基于乘积偏好关系的专家模糊核聚类赋权方法

多属性、多目标性决策中,针对专家给出各方案偏好关系下的决策问题,提出一种基于乘积偏好关系的专家模糊核聚类赋权方法。该方法运用模糊核聚类的思想实现对决策专家的聚类,并通过放宽归一化约束条件,克服了传统模糊核聚类算法中离群点对聚类结果的影响。同时,在专家类内赋权过程中,运用CI-IOWG算子集结同类专家的意见,依据不同专家对于形成类别一致性意见的贡献程度来确定专家权重;克服了传统基于熵权或判断矩阵一致性的赋权方法的局限性。算例表明,该方法可行、有效。     

基于滑模控制的某型起落架落震联合仿真

飞机起落架是飞机起落的安全保证。给出了在ADAMS/Aircraft中建立某型飞机起落架的虚拟样机模型,设计并实现基于磁流变液的飞机起落架滑模缓冲控制算法,通过MATLAB/Simulink和ADAMS完成了该型飞机起落架着陆缓冲联合仿真分析。经过联合仿真得到缓冲器的位移-时间曲线,速度-时间曲线,阻尼力-时间曲线等特性数据,通过与被动式起落架的缓冲性能进行比较,验证了设计的滑模控制算法能够有效提高飞机起落架着陆缓冲性能。     

基于“综合赋权”模糊物元模型的机场运行安全评价

为了保证机场运行安全,防止事故的发生,依据模糊物元分析理论,结合机场运行安全评价指标体系,构建了基于综合赋权的机场系统模糊物元安全评价模型。在该模型中,通过层次分析法和熵值法主客观综合所确定的权重,为指标体系进行线性加权,实现综合赋权,从而将计算得到的综合权重用于模糊物元建模与评价。实例分析结果表明,该模型步骤简单,过程科学合理,并兼顾了主客观因素的影响,评价结果总体反映了机场的真实安全水平,也为机场安全的科学评价提供了新思路。     

防空导弹指挥控制系统火力单元动态调整方法

多火力单元责任扇区的动态调整是防空导弹指挥控制系统的核心功能之一,通过引入可打击目标数和覆盖目标数的概念及计算方法,提出了一种新的多火力单元责任扇区调整方法。该方法能快速有效地确定多火力单元责任扇区调整方案。     

Responsibility in Complex Conflicts: An Afghan Case

This paper discusses soldiers’ moral responsibility in today’s complex conflicts. The point of departure is the increased focus on soldiers as moral decision-makers in war, illustrated by the introduction of core values in the Norwegian Armed Forces. Responsibility is one of these core values, but it is not clear exactly how we should understand responsibility. I use a case where a group of Norwegian soldiers in the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) sought the cooperation of a group of mujahedeen to solve the military mission of establishing security. As confidence between the parties grew, the soldiers became horrified witnesses to a practice of bacha bazi, where a young boy is dressed up for entertainment and sexual abuse. This situation gives reason to question the limits of role responsibility, the status of soldiers’ legitimacy, and the challenges of making morally sound judgments in a multicultural context. The discussion demonstrates that, even if there are restrictions on the soldiers’ freedom to act, a responsibility reaching beyond or extending their role should be recognized as part of the moral reality of modern soldiers.     

基于稀疏贝叶斯学习的扩展目标雷达关联成像*

雷达关联成像不依赖于雷达与目标的相对运动,是一种高分辨凝视成像方式。传统的关联成像方法未考虑复杂扩展目标的结构信息,在高分辨成像时的应用受到限制,为此提出一种自适应结构配对稀疏贝叶斯学习方法。该算法在稀疏贝叶斯学习的框架内针对扩展目标建立一种结构配对层次化高斯先验模型,然后采用变分贝叶斯期望-最大化算法交替进行目标重构和参数优化。该算法将某一信号分量的重构与周围信号分量联系起来,并能在迭代过程中自适应地调整表征各信号分量相关性的参数。实验结果表明,该方法针对扩展目标可以有效地进行高分辨成像。     

Civilian protection in Africa: How the protection of civilians is being militarized by African policymakers and diplomats

This article explores how the protection of civilians is being militarized by African policymakers and diplomats. I draw on practice approaches to analyze what social groups are doing when they claim to “protect civilians.” I show how innovative protection mechanisms can be seen as a function of officials and diplomats coping with the changing circumstances of increasingly militarized politics in Africa. Specifically, accountability mechanisms for unintended and intended civilian harm by African security operations have originated in connection with this development. I argue that these are results of anchoring practices, which means that everyday informal interactions in one context become linked to another context. I argue that these emerging accountability mechanisms represent a new combination of practices, with the potential of changing the routine activities and mutual learning between policymakers and diplomats.     

The human consequences of foreign military intervention

The empirical international conflict literature has given much recent attention to interstate armed force’s impact on human well-being. While empirical research has advanced our understanding of the phenomenon considerably, we argue that one conclusion that many studies have reached is preliminary. Some recent research contends that only full-scale war, and not force short of war, has a discernable impact on human welfare or physical quality of life (PQOL). We develop theory on one type of force short of war, large-scale foreign military intervention (FMI), and its potential effects on PQOL. Using interrupted time series and panel corrected standard error methodologies, we find that from 1960 to 2005 large-scale FMI had a statistically and substantively significant impact on the PQOL of populations in 106 developing countries. The specific effect that this type of armed force has depended in large part on the regime type of the target country.     

基于物联网的战地装备安全监管问题研究

针对战地环境中军事装备的安全监管问题,分析了战地装备安全监管应用系统的整体结构与功能层次,给出了基于RFID射频识别技术、无线传感器等物联网技术的硬件平台设计方案,以及基于数据采集、分析、融合、传输和可视化技术研发监管控制软件的实现方案。该系统部署应用后可实现对装备实时、连续、精确的分级监管,能够确保装备管理的安全和高效,提高部队指挥决策能力。