Estimating component characteristics from system failure‐time data

Suppose that failure times are available from a random sample of N systems of a given, fixed design with components which have i.i.d. lifetimes distributed according to a common distribution F. The inverse problem of estimating F from data on observed system lifetimes is considered. Using the known relationship between the system and component lifetime distributions via signature and domination theory, the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator _N(t) of the component survival function (t) is identified and shown to be accessible numerically in any application of interest. The asymptotic distribution of _N(t) is also identified, facilitating the construction of approximate confidence intervals for (t) for N sufficiently large. Simulation results for samples of size N = 50 and N = 100 for a collection of five parametric lifetime models demonstrate the utility of the recommended estimator. Possible extensions beyond the i.i.d. framework are discussed in the concluding section. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

流动危险源泄漏事故应急疏散决策优化

在流动危险源泄漏事故中,如何根据流动危险源的危险特性,快速制定最优疏散决策,使应急疏散的成本最低是现场指挥人员急需解决的重要问题。在分析讨论疏散范围、疏散人员、疏散方式、疏散路径、避难场所等影响应急疏散决策因素的基础上,采用线性规划方法,建立了应急疏散的优化模型。以运输液氯槽车泄漏事故为例,研究危险区域的人员疏散,并利用Lingo软件对优化模型进行了求解,得到了应急疏散的最佳方案。研究结果对消防部队有效地指导疏散救人行动具有参考价值。     

Scheduling a maintenance activity on parallel identical machines

We study a problem of scheduling a maintenance activity on parallel identical machines, under the assumption that all the machines must be maintained simultaneously. One example for this setting is a situation where the entire system must be stopped for maintenance because of a required electricity shut‐down. The objective is minimum flow‐time. The problem is shown to be NP‐hard, and moreover impossible to approximate unless P = NP. We introduce a pseudo‐polynomial dynamic programming algorithm, and show how to convert it into a bicriteria FPTAS for this problem. We also present an efficient heuristic and a lower bound. Our numerical tests indicate that the heuristic provides in most cases very close‐to‐optimal schedules. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

鳍对拖式吊舱推进器水动力性能的影响

为考察鳍对拖式吊舱推进器水动力性能的影响,用基于速度势的面元法建立了吊舱推进器水动力性能计算的数学模型,对附鳍的吊舱式推进器的定常及非定常水动力性能进行了预报.螺旋桨和吊舱及鳍之间的相互影响通过迭代计算来处理.采用计算较为简便的关于扰动速度势的基本积分微分方程,并采用双曲面形状的面元以消除面元间的缝隙.在桨叶随边满足压力Kutta条件,用Yanagizawa方法求得物体表面的速度分布.计算了无鳍、单鳍和双鳍拖式吊舱推进器的水动力性能,计算结果表明,鳍会产生推力,使得双鳍时整个推进器的水动力性能最好,单鳍次之,无鳍最低.     

某两栖装甲装备液压系统非介入式原位检测方法

为解决传统的介入式测量方法拆装困难、影响系统的动态特性、无法适应武器装备现场快速抢修需要的问题,根据液压系统的特点,针对表征系统状态的主要参量——流量、泄漏量和污染度,提出了非介入式原位检测方法,实现了对装甲装备实时检测的目的,有助于故障的快速定位和排除。并以某两柄装甲装备为例,说明了非介入式原位检测技术的可行性和实用性。     

高温气流内雾滴运动与蒸发特性的理论分析

建立了高温气流内雾滴运动与蒸发的数学模型,对雾滴在高温气流内的运动与蒸发特性进行了理论分析。结果表明,雾滴在高温气流内的运动分为变速段和恒速段,雾滴终端速度取决于气流速度;雾滴粒径越小,追随气流运动的能力越强;雾滴在高温气流内蒸发时,粒径随时间呈指数规律递减。     

一种差分空时分组码及其性能分析

文中介绍了一种差分空时分组码的编译方法及其性能分析,与之对比,先导入单天线时差分调制的概念及其方法,理论分析表明,采用无需信道估值的差分空时分组码与相干检测空时分组码相比其性能差3 dB,但与单天线相比仍有接近于10 dB的分集增益。     

基于特征提取的三维流线分布算法

特征提取与清晰表达是三维流场可视化研究中的两个主要问题.提出了一种基于特征提取的三维流线分布算法,既保障了流场临界点附近的特征结构得以正确描述,同时又使输出结果具有良好的清晰性.该算法分为三个步骤:首先,在临界点的快速检测基础上,根据临界点处Jacobian矩阵特征值对临界点进行分类,并对临界点与种子点模板进行匹配;其次,种子点依照优先规则排序,并从这些种子点出发在物理空间计算出流线;最后,在图像空间由预先设置的阈值对流线进行间距控制,并根据深度检测来保留离视点最近的流线,使得屏幕上的输出结果清晰.     

A new importance sampling Monte Carlo method for a flow network reliability problem

The exact evaluation of the probability that the maximum st‐flow is greater than or equal to a fixed demand in a stochastic flow network is an NP‐hard problem. This limitation leads one to consider Monte Carlo alternatives. In this paper, we propose a new importance sampling Monte Carlo method. It is based on a recursive use of the state space decomposition methodology of Doulliez and Jamoulle during the simulation process. We show theoretically that the resulting estimator belongs to the variance‐reduction family and we give an upper bound on its variance. As shown by experimental tests, the new sampling principle offers, in many cases, substantial speedups with respect to a previous importance sampling based on the same decomposition procedure and its best performances are obtained when highly reliable networks are analyzed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 204–228, 2002; DOI 10.1002/nav.10004     

利用极大值原理求解飞行器飞行区域

利用现代最优控制理论极大值原理 ,考虑给定约束条件下所有可能的控制方案 ,确定了一定时间内飞行器飞行区域。