船舶结构力学的新近进展

本文基于国际船舶与离岸结构会议第11届大会的技术报告,论述船舶结构力学的新近进展。文中介绍了船舶结构力学的研究范围不断扩大,结构设计目标多元化,可靠性分析方法的建立和应用,数值计算方法的广泛采用,非线性分析的深入,水弹性力学受到重视,复合材料的应用,材料和工艺因素对船舶结构的影响等方面的进展。     

A BENDING DAMAGE THEORY FOR BEAMS UNDER PURE BENDING LOADS

ＡＢＥＮＤＩＮＧＤＡＭＡＧＥＴＨＥＯＲＹＦＯＲＢＥＡＭＳＵＮＤＥＲＰＵＲＥＢＥＮＤＩＮＧＬＯＡＤＳＹａｎｇＧｕａｎｇｓｏｎｇ;ＬｕＹｉｎｃｈｕ;ＪｉｎＸｉｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｅｒｏｓｐａｃｅＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ,ＮＵＤＴ,Ｃｈａｎｇｓｈａ,...     

细长壳体水声辐射问题的有限元结合边界元解法

采用三角形面积元,提出了一种计算任意形状的细长壳体水声辐射问题的有限元结合边界元解法,推导了三角形面积坐标下的质量矩阵。在水动力方面,根据单层势的概念,提出了声场速度势的边界积分表示式,给出了三角形面积坐标下的附加质量矩阵和附加阻尼矩阵,从而得以建立流固耦合的有限元动力响应方程。本方法的进一步发展可用于计算具有加强肋骨的双层壳体结构的声辐射问题以及船体在随机激励下的远场声功率谱。     

聚碳硅烷先驱体制备SiC基复合材料的性能研究

本文以聚碳硅烷(PCS)为先驱体,SiC晶须,SiC微粉或C纤维为增强剂,热解转化制得SiC/SiC或C/SiC复合材料,研究其制备工艺过程对材料的力学和热物理性能的影响。结果表明:PCS在1300℃下转化为β-SiC微晶并将未烧结的增强剂网络在一起形成SiC/SiC或C/SiC复合材料。该SiC基复合材料具有较好的常温和高温机械强度,优异的耐热疲劳和抗热震性能,在1300℃空气中具有良好的抗氧化性。     

多爆炸成型弹丸性能参数灰关联分析

为了获得各参数对多爆炸成型弹丸毁伤性能的影响程度,以EFP速度和MEFP发散角为参考序列,以药型罩和装药参数为比较序列,运用灰关联理论对影响MEFP毁伤性能的参数进行了灰关联分析。在此基础上,应用灰关联分析结果完成了MEFP战斗部优化设计。结果表明:在较少样本空间前提下,采用灰关联理论可以分析获得影响多爆炸成型弹丸毁伤性能的各因素主次关系,而且经过优化后的MEFP战斗部,大大地提高了EFP的集聚性和毁伤性能。     

论知识移植在量子力学发展过程中的作用

从量子力学的形成和发展过程可以看到知识移植对物理学的发展起到了巨大的推动作用,通过知识移植不仅能够实现创新,甚至可能导致科学的重大发现。如何在教学活动中通过对科学史的总结和归纳来引导学生形成创新意识在当前我国的大学教育必须加以关注。     

应用型工程力学教学方法的探索与实践

应用型工程力学教学模式主要包括四种有代表性的教学方法,即:生动形象教学法、贴近日常生活事例教学法、贴近具体工程教学法、重大工程事故教学法。     

多铁性磁电智能复合材料的力学研究进展

介绍了多铁性磁电智能复合材料的概念、分类及发展现状;总结了两类典型多铁性复合材料的力学问题（包括波动与振动问题、夹杂问题、断裂问题等）的研究进展;分析了层状多铁性复合材料力学行为的特殊性;基于应变介导的磁电耦合机制,阐述了界面断裂力学研究对于层状多铁性复合材料研制的重要性和必要性;最后指出了该领域下一步的研究方向。     

圆柱形装药驱动轴向预制破片飞散特性

为了增强柱形战斗部轴向威力,在无壳柱形战斗部底面布置单层离散的预制破片。开展圆柱形TNT装药驱动轴向预制破片飞散试验,获得预制破片的最大初速、飞散角等特征参数;运用LS-DYNA软件对装药驱动预制破片过程进行数值模拟,阐述预制破片群飞散过程;对装药驱动整体平板理论计算公式进行改进,获得预制破片的最大初速。结果表明:破片初速理论计算结果、数值计算结果和试验结果吻合良好;随着与装药底部中心距离的加大,破片初速、径向飞散角分别近似呈“抛物线”减小、增大;试验实测、理论计算得到的破片最大初速值超过2500 m/s,试验实测的径向飞散角最大约为22°,而周向飞散角则普遍较小,均值在5°以内。     

A novel formulation of material nonlinear analysis in structural mechanics

This article demonstrates a novel approach for material nonlinear analysis. This analysis procedure eliminates tedious and lengthy step by step incremental and then iterative procedure adopted classically and gives direct results in the linear as well as in nonlinear range of the material behavior. Use of elastic moduli is eliminated. Instead, stress and strain functions are used as the material input in the analysis procedure. These stress and strain functions are directly derived from the stress-strain behavior of the material by the method of curve fitting. This way, the whole stress-strain diagram is utilized in the analysis which naturally exposes the response of structure when loading is in nonlinear range of the material behavior. It is found that it is an excellent computational procedure adopted so far for material nonlinear analysis which gives very accurate results, easy to adopt and simple in calculations. The method eliminates all types of linearity assumptions in basic derivations of equations and hence, eliminates all types of possibility of errors in the analysis procedure as well. As it is required to know stress distribution in the structural body by proper modelling and structural idealization, the proposed analysis approach can be regarded as stress-based analysis procedure. Basic problems such as uniaxial problem, beam bending, and torsion problems are solved. It is found that approach is very suitable for solving the problems of fracture mechanics. Energy release rate for plate with center crack and double cantilever beam specimen is also evaluated. The approach solves the fracture problem with relative ease in strength of material style calculations. For all problems, results are compared with the classical displacement-based liner theory.