使用图像优化方法估计水体调制传递函数

针对水体属性的变化使图像复原困难的问题,提出了一种从退化的水下图像中估计自然水体调制传递函数的方法。该方法首先建立了自然水体的调制传递函数与其固有光学特性参数之间的关系,然后采用图像复原技术对图像进行复原,最后使用粒子群优化算法来优化调制传递函数的相关参数。仿真实验表明:该方法能有效对水下图像进行复原,且不需测量水体的光学参数就能估计出自然水体的调制传递函数。该方法用于水下激光成像系统的图像复原可取得明显效果。     

长贮过程中发动机HTPB推进剂老化机理分析

为揭示固体推进剂在长期贮存过程中的老化机理,解剖了自然贮存19年贴壁浇注的端羟基聚丁二烯橡胶推进剂装药发动机,沿着药柱径向不同位置进行了取样,并采用扫描电镜、能量色散X射线光谱仪、红外吸收光谱、交联密度等多种手段对这些样品进行了测试分析。研究发现：贴壁浇注发动机药柱不同位置推进剂的老化程度不尽相同,越靠近非金属壳体位置,推进剂的老化程度越严重。进一步深入分析表明：除了丁羟胶中双键的氧化断链和端羟基的缩合等影响推进剂老化,铝粉氧化产生的铝离子会催化丁羟胶双键与氯气或水发生加成反应生成■双键和仲醇,而铝离子迁移和分布的不均匀会引起药柱老化的不均匀性。研究结果对推进剂配方设计和防老化措施的研究具有重要意义。     

Numerical simulation of base flow with hot base bleed for two jet models

In order to improve the benefits of base bleed in base flow field, the base flow with hot base bleed for two jet models is studied. Two-dimensional axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations are computed by using a finite volume scheme. The base flow of a cylinder afterbody with base bleed is simulated. The simulation results are validated with the experimental data, and the experimental results are well reproduced. On this basis, the base flow fields with base bleed for a circular jet model and an annulus jet model are investigated by selecting the injection temperature from 830 K to 2200 K. The results show that the base pressure of the annular jet model is higher than that of the circular jet model with the changes of the injection parameter and the injection temperature. For the circular jet model, the hot gases are concentrated in the vicinity of the base. For the annular jet model, the bleed gases flow into the shear layer directly so that the hot gases are concentrated in the shear layer. The latter temperature distribution is better for the increase of base pressure.     

Study of simple plane wave generator with an air-metal barrier

Plane wave generators (PWGs) are used to accelerate flyer plates to high velocities with their generated plane waves, which are widely used in the test of dynamic properties of materials. The traditional PWG is composed of two explosives with different detonation velocities. It is difficult to implement the related fabrication processes and control the generated waves due to its complicated structures. A simple plane wave generator is presented in this paper, which is composed of two identical cylindrical high explosive (HE) charges and an air-metal barrier. A theoretical model was established based on two different paths of the propagation of detonation waves, based on which the size of air-metal barrier was calculated for a given charge. The corresponding numerical simulations were also carried out by AUTODYN-2D^® based on the calculated results, which were used to compare with the theoretical calculations. A detonation wave with a flatness of 0.039 μs within the range of 70-percent diameter of the main charge was obtained through the simulations.     

Influence of Al2O3 particles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of copper surface composites fabricated by friction stir processing

The influence of three factors, such as volume percentage of reinforcement particles (i.e. Al₂O₃), tool tilt angle and concave angle of shoulder, on the mechanical properties of Cu–Al₂O₃ surface composites fabricated via friction stir processing was studied. Taguchi method was used to optimize these factors for maximizing the mechanical properties of surface composites. The fabricated surface composites were examined by optical microscope for dispersion of reinforcement particles. It was found that Al₂O₃ particles are uniformly dispersed in the stir zone. The tensile properties of the surface composites increased with the increase in the volume percentage of the Al₂O₃ reinforcement particles. This is due to the addition of the reinforcement particles which increases the temperature of recrystallization by pinning the grain boundaries of the copper matrix and blocking the movement of the dislocations. The observed mechanical properties are correlated with microstructure and fracture features.     

碳纤维强度的统计特性及对复合材料线芯力学性能的影响

测试了国产T300级碳纤维的单丝和复丝拉伸强度,并用Weibull分布来描述碳纤维单丝平均拉伸强度。采用拉挤工艺制备出国产碳纤维复合线芯,测试了国产碳纤维复合线芯的弯曲强度和短梁剪切强度性能。结果表明:国产T300级碳纤维单丝拉伸强度性能达到东丽T300碳纤维水平,且分散性更小;复丝强度略低。国产T300级碳纤维集束性较差,在拉挤抽纱过程中,容易夹纱和起毛。在纤维体积含量基本相同情况下,国产T300级碳纤维复合线芯力学性能与东丽T700碳纤维复合线芯力学性能相差不大。     

龙珍高级中学创建特色学校的探索与实践

创办特色学校是学生发展的需要,是学校生存与发展的需要,是学校个性化发展的需要。在由"学校特色"到"特色学校"这个复杂而曲折的发展过程中,理念创新是前提,坚持"普惠性"原则、着眼于学生群体素质的整体优化是本质,科学分析内外环境选定优势特色项目是关键,长期坚持注重量的积累是基础。龙珍高级中学顺应教育发展的需要,科学定位学校发展特色,遵循特色学校创建规律,全体师生广泛参与,积极探索和实践,使特色学校创建工作初见成效。     

氦原子1S, 3S, 1P, 3P态的电子关联计算

本文从二次量子化公式出发,选取广义Laguerre多项式乘以γ~lcxp(-alγ)作为单电子径向函数完全集,这里a_l是依赖于轨道角动量l的变分参数,用组态相互作用方法计算了氨原子~1S,~3S,~1P,~3P态的能量和波函数。当组态限于主量子数n≤4,计算的能量相对精度约为99.9%;当组态限于%≤6,能量相对精度约为99.99%;而Hartree Fock方法的能量相对精度约为99%,利用原子波函数计算了一些原子参数,其结果与其他作者的结果符合很好。     

有机羧酸在中性腐蚀介质中对铸铝的缓蚀性能研究

通过电化学方法研究了不同浓度的有机羧酸对偶接及非偶接状态下铸铝的缓蚀性能,并对其缓蚀机理作了初步探讨.结果表明:常温状态下,该有机羧酸对铸铝有着很好的缓蚀效果,且随着其浓度的提高,缓蚀效果增加.此缓蚀剂对铸铝主要表现为几何覆盖效应,为抑制阳极型缓蚀剂.     

非饱和土与特殊土力学的理论与实践

对非饱和土与特殊土(包括填土、黄土、膨胀土、膨润土等)开展了持久深入的研究,取得了系统的创造性成果:在国内率先研制成非饱和土固结仪、直剪仪、渗气仪、小型三轴仪、温控三轴仪、多功能三轴仪和土工CT-三轴仪等一系列仪器设备,揭示了非饱和土与特殊土的水气运动规律、变形、强度、屈服、水量变化、细观结构演化、温度效应等许多重要力...