新时期武器装备建设新观念研究

新的历史时期,我军武器装备建设是一项综合性、整体性极强的系统工程,同时又是一项技术复杂、投入巨大、周期较长的建设工程。提出要在武器装备建设观念上实现4个“转变”:由“历时性”思路转向“共时性”思路,由需求牵引模式转向需求与能力复合牵引模式,由理论-实战(训练)途径转向以作战实验室为中心的途径,由单要素革新机制转向全要素体系创新机制。新观念的提出,为如何走出一条符合中国特色的武器装备建设跨越式发展之路提供了指导。     

防空导弹兵力规划模型

借助兵力交换的思想,从宏观层次上研究不同类型的防空导弹火力单元对空中目标的优化分配问题;分析在最优目标分配策略下区域防空中各类型防空导弹火力单元的火力分配问题,并建立了递阶优化的求解模型.该模型可为区域防空部署的决策与分析提供科学依据.     

引入定向越野训练,提高学员综合素质

将定向越野训练引入军事地形学教学,激发学员的竞争意识与学习兴趣,改变单一的教学方式,将用图训练与体能训练相结合,提高训练的难度与强度,加强了课程的综合性,这一过程无论从理论或实践上,都为全面提高学员的军人综合素质、课程教学质量,深化教学改革打下了基础。     

军事信息系统中台建设

随着国防信息化建设的快速推进,大量军事信息系统被开发,在开发过程中产生了诸如数据不统一、不标准以及服务重复建设等问题,既浪费了大量的建设和维护资源,也导致技术难以得到沉淀,数据不能被充分利用.中台在大型企业的成功应用,包括在电子政务发展中的规划,以及美军的全球信息栅格与军事云建设,都在着力解决类似问题.本文认为,军事信...     

基于装备水平和知识的空中作战效果分析

分析了按作战效果进行空军武器装备需求分析的三种常用方法的特点,建立了一种全自动化解算模型,比较完整地讨论并描述了根据装备水平分析作战效果时需要考虑的关键因素,总结了需要使用的相关军事知识,并给出了表达方法,研究了推理机制.构建了各种战斗类型的效果评估模块,实现了软件系统并应用于一个重要课题研究,取得了比较理想的效果.     

浅谈军校学员的心理素质教育

军校学员心理健康状况不容乐观,把心理素质教育纳入军校德育等领域已形成一定的共识.应注意结合学员身心实际及职业要求,重视探讨和研究心理素质教育的内容、途径和方法等.     

从装备思维与军事实践互动关系看装备科研工作内涵、地位与作用

装备思维是人类智慧的结晶和科技文明产物,它反映一定时期人们对于装备设计的理念,也反映了该时期主流军事战略的思维方式。本文对军事装备涉及的论证、研制、试验、鉴定和使用等环节进行梳理,从装备思维与实践互动关系探讨装备科研工作的内涵、地位和作用。     

Late Medieval Lance Use: Mounted Combat and Martial Arts in Western Europe from the 14th to the 16th Century

Despite the lance’s status and the amount of attention the couched lance has received in historiography, study of its martial art has been neglected. The various lance types and techniques used by western European cavalry have only recently begun to receive scholarly attention. Additionally, Medieval European lance use has too often been studied in isolation, without an adequate understanding of the idiosyncratic and asymmetrical dynamics of mounted combat. Although the charge with the couched lance was a valid tactic, it was only one of many. Light and heavy lances were used in one hand or two to trip, block, unhorse, and wrestle. These techniques were governed by the harsh laws of distance, speed, impact, iron, and asymmetry. By utilizing the surviving Fechtbücher and several Peninsular and Near Eastern sources, a brief foray into the diverse techniques of lance use and their purposes has been attempted here.     

Tripwires and free-riders: Do forward-deployed U.S. troops reduce the willingness of host-country citizens to fight for their country?

This article investigates the relationship between U.S. overseas troops and the willingness of the citizens of host states to fight for their country. The study joins the long-running debate about burden-sharing and free-riding among U.S. allies. Unlike most previous empirical studies, we focus on non-material or intangible measures of the underlying concepts. Our dependent variable estimates the proportion of citizens expressing a willingness to fight for their country. Scores at the aggregate-national as well as the individual level are shaped by the presence of U.S. military forces, which act as a “tripwire” signaling credible security commitments. This increases opportunities of (non-material) free-riding. We present both bivariate and multivariate analyses covering the period 1981–2014 to test this supposition. Findings indicate that once U.S. troop levels reach a certain threshold (between 100 and 500 troops), citizens’ willingness to fight drops significantly. This likely reflects non-material free-riding.     

Mirror,mirror on the wall,who is the most offensive of them all? – Explaining the offensive bias in military tactical thinking

This article explores why the offensive predominates military tactical thinking. With survey results showing an offensive bias among 60 per cent of senior Swedish officers and as many as 80 per cent in the case of the army, it is clear that this is not just a problem of the past but is equally relevant today. The article asks why there is a tendency to perceive and understand offensive tactics as the preferred choice and the way to conduct battle that should be encouraged and preferred. Drawing on existing research and the findings of a pilot study, ten propositions for why the offensive bias exists are tested using a mixed-method approach. Based on the findings, the article develops a model to understand why the offensive dominates military tactical thinking. It is found that the two key constitutive factors behind the offensive bias are military culture and education. These factors most directly and profoundly influence an officer’s identity, perceptions, and thinking. Military culture and education, in turn, work as a prism for four other factors: military history, the theory and principles of war, doctrine and TTPs, and psychological factors.